Acute and persistent pain, and its psychology.
Everything below was reached through this subject, not through the words you typed. Every row states how it was reached.
Tafsīr
التفسير6 shownCommentary on the verses above, at most two editions per verse.
en-asbab-al-nuzul-by-al-wahidi on 6:1en-asbab-al-nuzul-by-al-wahidicommentary on an ayah this subject surfaced
Praise belongs to God who created the heavens and the earth and made the darknesses and the light. He begins by lauding Himself, thereby praising Himself with His own beginningless laudation and reporting of His own self-sufficient brilliance and unitary elevation. This is praise of the tremendous Lord, the wise Enactor. He is subsistent through His own subsistence, transcendent through His own attributes, magnificent through His own magnificence. His elevation is everlasting, His brilliance self-standing, His existence unitary, His being self- sufficient, His face majestic, His power perfect-Glory be to Him! And God is the One, the All- Subjugating [39:4], the exalted, the all-compeller, the great, the transcendent. One of the great ones of the religion and leaders of the Tariqah said, “Who is worthy of praise other than He whose power created the heavens and the earth and made the dark
en-asbab-al-nuzul-by-al-wahidi on 6:25en-asbab-al-nuzul-by-al-wahidicommentary on an ayah this subject surfaced
(Of them are some who listen unto thee�) [6:25]. Abu Salih reported that Ibn �Abbas said: �Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, al-Walid ibn al-Mughirah, al-Nadr ibn al-Harith, �Utbah and Shaybah the sons of Rabi�ah and Umayyah and Ubayy the sons of Khalaf listened to the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, [reciting the Qur�an], and so they asked al-Nadr: �O Abu Qutaylah, what does Muhammad (s)ay?� He said: �By Him who has made it [the Ka�bah ] His House, I do not know what he is saying, except that I see his lips moving, muttering something. But what he says is nothing but the fables of the people of old, like the stories I used to relate to you regarding bygone nations�. Al-Nadr used to talk abundantly about bygone nations. He used to relate this to the Quraysh who listened to what he had to say. Then, Allah, exalted is He, revealed this verse�.
en-al-jalalayn on 5:13en-al-jalalayncommentary on an ayah this subject surfaced
God says So because bi-mā the mā is extra of their breaking their covenant We cursed them We removed them from Our mercy and made their hearts hard unyielding to the acceptance of faith; they pervert words pertaining to the descriptions of Muhammad (s) in the Torah and other things from their contexts those in which God has placed them in other words they substitute them; and they have forgotten they have abandoned a portion a part of what they were reminded of of what they were enjoined to in the Torah in the way of following Muhammad (s); and you — addressing the Prophet s now — will never cease to discover some treachery on their part in the way of breaking a covenant or some other matter except for a few of them who have submitted themselves to Islam. Yet pardon them and forgive; surely God loves the virtuous this was abrogated by the ‘sword’ verse Q. 95.
en-al-jalalayn on 5:20en-al-jalalayncommentary on an ayah this subject surfaced
And mention when Moses said to his people ‘O my people remember God’s favour to you when He established among you that is from among you prophets and established you as kings possessing servants and retinues and gave you such as He had not given to any in all the worlds in the way of manna and quails the parting of the sea and other things.
en-tafisr-ibn-kathir on 5:13en-tafisr-ibn-kathircommentary on an ayah this subject surfaced
Indeed, Allah took the covenant from the Children of Israel (Jews), and We appointed twelve leaders among them. And Allah said: "I am with you if you perform the Salah and give the Zakah and believe in My Messengers; honor and assist them, and lend to Allah a good loan, verily, I will remit your sins and admit you to Gardens under which rivers flow (in Paradise). But if any of you after this, disbelieved, he has indeed gone astray from the straight way. (12)So, because of their breach of their covenant, We cursed them and made their hearts grow hard. They changed the words from their (right) places and have abandoned a good part of the Message that was sent to them. And you will not cease to discover deceit in them, except a few of them. But forgive them and overlook (their misdeeds). Verily, Allah loves the doers of good (13)And from those who call themselves Christians, We took their c
en-tafisr-ibn-kathir on 5:20en-tafisr-ibn-kathircommentary on an ayah this subject surfaced
And (remember) when Musa said to his people: "O my people! Remember the favor of Allah to you: when He made Prophets among you, made you kings and gave you what He had not given to any other among the nations (Al-'Alamin). (20)"O my people! Enter the Holy Land which Allah has assigned to you and turn not back; for then you will be returned as losers. (21)They said: "O Musa! In it are a people of great strength, and we shall never enter it, till they leave it; when they leave, then we will enter. (22)Two men of those who feared (Allah and) on whom Allah had bestowed His grace said: "Assault them through the gate; for when you are in, victory will be yours. And put your trust in Allah if you are believers indeed. (23)They said: "O Musa! We shall never enter it as long as they are there. So go, you and your Lord, and fight you two, we are sitting right here. (24)He [Musa] said: "O my Lord!
Research library, full list
626 to 650 of 1,002Pain in Women: A Perspective Review on a Relevant Clinical Issue that Deserves Prioritization.
Introduction: Gender equity and gender medicine are opportunities not to be missed, and this Expert Group Opinion Paper on pain in women aims to review the treatment of pain conditions mainly affecting women, as well as the fundamental aspects of the different clinical response to drug treatment between the genders, and what can be done for gender-specific rehabilitation.
Methods: Perspective review.
Results: Genotypic and phenotypic differences in pain between the sexes are conditioned by anatomical, physiological, neural, hormonal, psychological, social, and cultural factors, such as the response to pharmacological treatment to control pain. The examination of these factors shows that women are affected by pain diseases more frequently and severely than men and that they report pain more frequently and with a lower pain threshold than men. Some forms of pain are inherently related to g…
matched on Pain (keyword), chronic pain (text)
The Insula: A "Hub of Activity" in Migraine.
The insula, a "cortical hub" buried within the lateral sulcus, is involved in a number of processes including goal-directed cognition, conscious awareness, autonomic regulation, interoception, and somatosensation. While some of these processes are well known in the clinical presentation of migraine (i.e., autonomic and somatosensory alterations), other more complex behaviors in migraine, such as conscious awareness and error detection, are less well described. Since the insula processes and relays afferent inputs from brain areas involved in these functions to areas involved in higher cortical function such as frontal, temporal, and parietal regions, it may be implicated as a brain region that translates the signals of altered internal milieu in migraine, along with other chronic pain conditions, through the insula into complex behaviors. Here we review how the insula function and struct…
matched on Pain (keyword), chronic pain (text)
An Integrative Review of the Influence of Expectancies on Pain.
Expectancies can shape pain experiences. Attention for the influence of expectancies on pain has increased particularly due to research on placebo effects, of which expectancy is believed to be the core mechanism. In the current review, we provide a brief overview of the literature on the influence of expectancies on pain. We first discuss the central role of expectancy in the major psychological learning theories. Based on these theories, different kinds of expectancies can be distinguished. Pain experiences are influenced particularly by response expectancies directly pertaining to the pain experience itself, but can also be affected by self-efficacy expectancies regarding one's ability to cope with pain, and possibly by stimulus expectancies regarding external events. These different kinds of expectancies might interact with each other, and related emotions and cognitions, as reflecte…
matched on Pain (keyword), pain catastrophizing (text)
Sturgeon JA (2014)reviewMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usPsychology research and behavior management99 citations Psychological therapies for the management of chronic pain.
Pain is a complex stressor that presents a significant challenge to most aspects of functioning and contributes to substantial physical, psychological, occupational, and financial cost, particularly in its chronic form. As medical intervention frequently cannot resolve pain completely, there is a need for management approaches to chronic pain, including psychological intervention. Psychotherapy for chronic pain primarily targets improvements in physical, emotional, social, and occupational functioning rather than focusing on resolution of pain itself. However, psychological therapies for chronic pain differ in their scope, duration, and goals, and thus show distinct patterns of treatment efficacy. These therapies fall into four categories: operant-behavioral therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, mindfulness-based therapy, and acceptance and commitment therapy. The current article explor…
matched on Pain Management (keyword), chronic pain (text)
Trajectories of Depression, Post-Traumatic Stress, and Chronic Pain Among Women Who Have Separated From an Abusive Partner: A Longitudinal Analysis.
This longitudinal study explored changes in women's health after separation from an abusive partner by characterizing the trajectories of their mental health (depression and post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD]) and physical health (chronic pain) over a 4-year period. We examined how the severity of intimate partner violence (IPV) affected these trajectories, controlling for selected baseline factors using 5 waves of data collected from a community sample of 309 English-speaking, Canadian women. IPV severity was measured using the Index of Spouse Abuse where women were asked to consider the entire period of their partner relationship up to present at wave 1 and to rate their IPV experiences in the previous 12 months at waves 2-5. Mental health was measured using established self-report measures of depression (CESD) and PTSD (Davidson Trauma Scale), while chronic pain was measured using …
matched on Chronic Pain (mesh), Chronic Pain (keyword), chronic pain (text)
Ruskin DA, Dentakos S, Craig S, Campbell F, Isaac L, Stinson J, Tyrrell J, Lyon RE, O'Connor K, Brown SC (2023)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJournal of child health care : for professionals working with children in the hospital and community2 citations Don't judge a book by its cover: Exploring low self-reported distress and repressive coping in a pediatric chronic pain population.
Repression has been linked to greater illness, somatic symptoms, and poorer physical health, both in adult and pediatric populations. The current study examined psychological and pain profiles of children with chronic pain who may under-report levels of psychological distress at a first interdisciplinary chronic pain assessment. Children and their caregiver completed measures of psychopathology and pain intensity, while clinicians rated their levels of disability. Based on self-report measures, children were classified as "repressors" (low anxiety/high social desirability) or as "true low anxious" (low anxiety/low social desirability). Groups were then compared on psychological and pain characteristics. Compared to children with true low anxiety, repressors reported lower levels of depressive and somatic symptoms but provided higher ratings on pain intensity, pain-unpleasantness, and sel…
matched on Chronic Pain (mesh), Chronic Pain (keyword), chronic pain (text)
Psychological Interventions for the Treatment of Chronic Pain in Adults.
The high prevalence and societal burden of chronic pain, its undertreatment, and disparities in its management have contributed to the acknowledgment of chronic pain as a serious public-health concern. The concurrent opioid epidemic, and increasing concern about overreliance on opioid therapy despite evidence of limited benefit and serious harms, has heightened attention to this problem. The biopsychosocial model has emerged as the primary conceptual framework for understanding the complex experience of chronic pain and for informing models of care. The prominence of psychological processes as risk and resilience factors in this model has prompted extensive study of psychological treatments designed to alter processes that underlie or significantly contribute to pain, distress, or disability among adults with chronic pain. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is acknowledged to have strong evide…
matched on Chronic Pain (mesh), Chronic Pain (keyword), chronic pain (text)
Predictive association between immigration status and chronic pain in the general population: results from the SwePain cohort.
Background: Previous studies suggest that immigration may influence the experience of pain.
Objective: This population-based study examines whether immigration status is associated with chronic pain (CP), chronic widespread pain (CWSP), and severe CP at a two-year follow-up. We also tested mediation by mood status (i.e., anxiety and depression).
Methods: 15, 563 participants from a representative stratified random sample of 34,000 individuals living in south-eastern Sweden completed a postal survey, during 2013-2015, that included the following data: immigration status; presence of CP (pain lasting at least 3 months) and CWSP (a modified classification of widespread pain for use in epidemiological studies); severity of CP based on a numeric rating scale; and depression, anxiety, economic situation, and sociodemographic information. We applied logistic regressions using the generalized es…
matched on Chronic Pain (mesh), Chronic Pain (keyword), chronic pain (text)
Adverse Childhood Experiences in Mothers With Chronic Pain and Intergenerational Impact on Children.
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs; eg, parental divorce, physical or sexual abuse) are more prevalent in individuals with chronic pain compared with the general population. Both increased maternal ACEs and chronic pain have been associated with poor physical and emotional functioning in offspring. However, the mechanisms driving these associations are poorly understood. Thus, this cross-sectional study evaluated the relation between maternal ACEs, mothers' current functioning, and children's physical and emotional functioning in a sample of mothers with chronic pain and their 8- to 12-year-old children. Results indicated a higher prevalence of ≥1 ACE in this sample of mothers with chronic pain (84%) compared with normative data from a community sample of women. Higher maternal ACE scores corresponded with lower physical and social functioning, greater anxiety and depressive symptoms, g…
matched on Chronic Pain (mesh), Chronic Pain (keyword), chronic pain (text)
Important role of physicians in addressing psychological aspects of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS): a qualitative analysis.
Introduction: Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a poorly understood source of chronic pain causing significant morbidity, with variable treatment success. Despite the need to understand patient perspectives in chronic pain, there is a paucity of qualitative data for IC/BPS. We aimed to acquire information regarding patient experience with IC/BPS symptoms and with their medical care to elicit suggestions to improve patient satisfaction with that care.
Methods: Fifteen women with IC/PBS participated in a total of four focus groups. Sessions were recorded and transcribed and information deidentified. Focus groups were conducted until thematic saturation was reached. All transcripts were coded and analyzed by a minimum of three independent physician reviewers. Investigators identified emergent themes and concepts using grounded-theory methodology.
Results: Participant's…
matched on Chronic Pain (mesh), Chronic Pain (keyword), chronic pain (text)
Chronic Pain and Telomere Length in Community-Dwelling Adults: Findings From the 1999 to 2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Chronic pain is a common condition associated with psychological distress, functional impairments, and age-associated comorbidity. Preliminary studies, on the basis of relatively small sample sizes, suggest that the combination of chronic pain and stress is associated with telomere shortening, a widely recognized marker of cellular aging. We sought to determine the cross-sectional association of chronic pain with telomere length in 7,816 community-dwelling adults ages 20 years and older who participated in the 1999 to 2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Consistent with previous studies, leukocyte telomere length was assessed using the quantitative polymerase chain reaction method and compared with a DNA reference standard to compute a telomere to single copy gene ratio. Standardized, in-person interviews were used to identify chronic regional pain and chronic widesprea…
matched on Chronic Pain (mesh), Chronic Pain (keyword), chronic pain (text)
Happy despite pain: Pilot study of a positive psychology intervention for patients with chronic pain.
Background and purpose Dealing with chronic pain is difficult and affects physiological as well as psychological well-being. Patients with chronic pain are often reporting concurrent emotional problems such as low mood and depressive symptoms. Considering this, treatments need to involve strategies for improving mood and promoting well-being in this group of patients. With the rise of the positive psychology movement, relatively simple intervention strategies to increase positive feelings, cognitions, and behaviours have become available. So far, the evidence for positive psychology techniques mainly comes from studies with healthy participants, and from studies with patients expressing emotional problems such as depression or anxiety as their main complaint. This study describes an initial attempt to explore the potential effects of a positive psychology intervention in a small sample o…
matched on Chronic Pain (mesh), Chronic Pain (keyword), chronic pain (text)
Driscoll MA, Higgins DM, Seng EK, Buta E, Goulet JL, Heapy AA, Kerns RD, Brandt CA, Haskell SG (2015)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usPain medicine (Malden, Mass.)39 citations Trauma, social support, family conflict, and chronic pain in recent service veterans: does gender matter?
Objective: Women veterans have a higher prevalence of chronic pain relative to men. One hypothesis is that differential combat and traumatic sexual experiences and attenuated levels of social support between men and women may differentially contribute to the development and perpetuation of pain. This investigation examined [1] gender differences in trauma, social support, and family conflict among veterans with chronic pain, and [2] whether trauma, social support, and family conflict were differentially associated with pain severity, pain interference, and depressive symptom severity as a function of gender.
Methods: Participants included 460 veterans (56% female) who served in support of recent conflicts, and who endorsed pain lasting 3 months or longer. Participants completed a baseline survey during participation in a longitudinal investigation. Self-report measures included pain seve…
matched on Chronic Pain (mesh), Chronic Pain (keyword), chronic pain (text)
A comprehensive examination of the model underlying acceptance and commitment therapy for chronic pain.
The therapeutic model underlying Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is reasonably well-established as it applies to chronic pain. Several studies have examined measures of single ACT processes, or subsets of processes, and have almost uniformly indicated reliable relations with patient functioning. To date, however, no study has performed a comprehensive examination of the entire ACT model, including all of its component processes, as it relates to functioning. The present study performed this examination in 274 individuals with chronic pain presenting for an assessment appointment. Participants completed a battery of self-report questionnaires, assessing multiple aspects of the ACT model, as well as pain intensity, disability, and emotional distress. Initial exploratory factor analyses examined measures of the ACT model and measures of patient functioning separately with each analy…
matched on Chronic Pain (mesh), Chronic Pain (keyword), chronic pain (text)
The effect of chronic pain on life satisfaction: evidence from Australian data.
Chronic pain is associated with significant costs to individuals directly affected by this condition, their families, the healthcare system, and the society as a whole. This paper investigates the relationship between chronic pain and life satisfaction using a sample of around 90,000 observations from the first ten waves of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics of Australia Survey (HILDA), which is a representative survey of the Australian population that started in 2000. We estimate the negative impact on life satisfaction and examine the persistence of the effect over multiple years. Chronic pain is associated with poor health conditions, disability, decreased participation in the labour market and lower quality of life. We calculate the compensating income variation of chronic pain, based on the measurement of chronic pain, the life satisfaction of individuals and the income of ho…
matched on Chronic Pain (mesh), Chronic Pain (keyword), chronic pain (text)
Neuropathic pain symptoms in a community knee OA cohort.
Objective: A neuropathic pain (NP) questionnaire may facilitate the identification of a neuropathic component to osteoarthritis (OA) pain. An existing questionnaire, the painDETECT, was modified for use in knee OA and administered to measure the prevalence and correlates of NP symptoms among adults with this condition.
Method: Sensibility of the modified painDETECT (mPD-Q) was assessed in 20 OA subjects followed by mail administration in an established knee OA cohort. NP symptoms were defined using a previously established, painDETECT cut-point. Correlates of NP symptoms, including OA severity (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, Von Korff Chronic Pain Grade pain subscale score), psychological factors (Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, Pain Catastrophizing Scale), and concomitant medical conditions, were evaluated using logistic regression. …
matched on Pain (mesh), chronic pain (text), pain catastrophizing (text), Pain Measurement (mesh)
Altered brain structure in irritable bowel syndrome: potential contributions of pre-existing and disease-driven factors.
Background & aims: Brain imaging studies have identified abnormal rectal-evoked responses and cortical thinning in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, it is not known whether these abnormalities are pre-existing or develop as result of long-term IBS. Therefore, we tested whether abnormal structural gray matter integrity in IBS correlates with individual disease symptoms, duration of the IBS, or the personality characteristic of pain catastrophizing.
Methods: Eleven IBS patients and 16 age-matched healthy subjects underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging. Voxel-based morphometry and cortical thickness analysis were used to identify abnormalities in subcortical and cortical regions, respectively, and their correlation to individual characteristics.
Results: The IBS group showed increased hypothalamic gray matter and cortical thinning in the anterior midcingulate c…
matched on Pain (mesh), chronic pain (text), pain catastrophizing (text), Pain Measurement (mesh)
Validation of the Chinese Pain Catastrophizing Scale (HK-PCS) in patients with chronic pain.
Objective: This study was conducted to examine the psychometric properties of a Chinese translation of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (HK-PCS).
Design/patients: Patients aged 18-79 years (N = 130) with chronic nonmalignant pain attending an outpatient multidisciplinary pain center in Hong Kong participated in this cross-sectional study.
Method: Subjects completed a set of health-related instruments: HK-PCS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire, SF-36 Health Survey, and a general demographic questionnaire. Data were analyzed for the distribution, internal consistency, reliability, and construct validity.
Results: A satisfactory internal consistency was found (alpha = 0.927). The item-total correlation coefficients ranged from 0.575 to 0.777. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.969 for the total HK-PCS score, 0.956 for helplessness, 0.945 f…
matched on Pain (mesh), chronic pain (text), pain catastrophizing (text), Pain Measurement (mesh)
Do fundamental fears differentially contribute to pain-related fear and pain catastrophizing? An evaluation of the sensitivity index.
Three fundamental fears - anxiety sensitivity (AS), injury/illness sensitivity (IS) and fear of negative evaluation (FNE) - have been proposed to underlie common fears and psychopathological conditions. In pain research, the relation between AS and (chronic) pain processes was the subject of several studies, whereas the possible role of IS has been ignored. The current research examines the role of IS with respect to various pain-related variables in two studies. In the first study, 192 healthy college students completed the Sensitivity Index (SI; a composite measure assessing the three fundamental fears) and various pain-related questionnaires. In a second study, 60 students out of the original sample took part in a pain induction procedure and completed the SI as well. We first examined the properties of the SI. Factor analysis on the SI replicated the proposed factor structure [Taylor…
matched on Pain (mesh), chronic pain (text), pain catastrophizing (text), Pain Measurement (mesh)
Exercise therapy for chronic musculoskeletal pain: Innovation by altering pain memories.
Even though nociceptive pathology has often long subsided, the brain of patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain has typically acquired a protective (movement-related) pain memory. Exercise therapy for patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain is often hampered by such pain memories. Here the authors explain how musculoskeletal therapists can alter pain memories in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain, by integrating pain neuroscience education with exercise interventions. The latter includes applying graded exposure in vivo principles during exercise therapy, for targeting the brain circuitries orchestrated by the amygdala (the memory of fear centre in the brain). Before initiating exercise therapy, a preparatory phase of intensive pain neuroscience education is required. Next, exercise therapy can address movement-related pain memories by applying the 'exposure without danger'…
matched on Chronic Pain (mesh), Chronic Pain (keyword), Pain Measurement (mesh)
Trait Perceived Injustice Is Associated With Pain Intensity and Pain Behavior in Participants Undergoing an Experimental Pain Induction Procedure.
Recent research has revealed robust cross-sectional and prospective associations among perceived injustice, pain, disability, and depressive symptoms in patients with chronic pain. To date, research has proceeded from the assumption that perceived injustice arises as a consequence of debilitating injury or illness. However, it is possible that perceived injustice might have trait-like characteristics, persisting even in the absence of an injustice-related eliciting event. The aim of the present study was to develop and test a measure of trait perceived injustice (Trait Injustice Experience Questionnaire [T-IEQ]). The item content of the T-IEQ was drawn from the original IEQ and adapted for relevance to a noninjury context. A sample of 118 healthy undergraduates completed the T-IEQ, measures of just world belief, and trait forgiveness prior to participating in an experimental pain procedu…
matched on Pain (mesh), chronic pain (text), Pain Measurement (mesh), Pain Perception (mesh)
Preoperative Predictors of Pain Catastrophizing, Anxiety, and Depression in Patients Undergoing Total Joint Arthroplasty.
Background: The relationship between pain catastrophizing and emotional disorders including anxiety and depression in osteoarthritic patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty (TJA) is an emerging area of study. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of these factors with preoperative patient characteristics.
Methods: A prospective cohort study of preoperative TJA patients using the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A/HADS-D) was conducted. Preoperative measures included visual analog pain scale (VAS), Harris Hip and Knee Society scores, Oxford Score, and Kellgren-Lawrence grade. Logistic and quantile regression were used to assess the relationship between preoperative characteristics and PCS or HADS, adjusting for covariate effects.
Results: We recruited 463 TJA patients. VAS pain (odds ratio [OR] 1.23; 95% confidence in…
matched on Pain (mesh), pain catastrophizing (text), Catastrophization (mesh), Pain Measurement (mesh)
Decreased intrinsic brain connectivity is associated with reduced clinical pain in fibromyalgia.
Objective: A major impediment to the development of novel treatment strategies for fibromyalgia (FM) is the lack of an objective marker that reflects spontaneously reported clinical pain in patients with FM. Studies of resting-state intrinsic brain connectivity in FM have demonstrated increased insular connectivity to the default mode network (DMN), a network whose activity is increased during nontask states. Moreover, increased insular connectivity to the DMN was associated with increased spontaneous pain levels. However, as these analyses were cross-sectional in nature, they provided no insight into dynamic changes in connectivity or their relationship to variations in self-reported clinical pain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate longitudinal changes in the intrinsic brain connectivity of FM patients treated with nonpharmacologic interventions known to modulate pain levels in …
matched on Pain (mesh), chronic pain (text), Fibromyalgia (mesh), Pain Measurement (mesh)
A non-elaborative mental stance and decoupling of executive and pain-related cortices predicts low pain sensitivity in Zen meditators.
Concepts originating from ancient Eastern texts are now being explored scientifically, leading to new insights into mind/brain function. Meditative practice, often viewed as an emotion regulation strategy, has been associated with pain reduction, low pain sensitivity, chronic pain improvement, and thickness of pain-related cortices. Zen meditation is unlike previously studied emotion regulation techniques; more akin to 'no appraisal' than 'reappraisal'. This implies the cognitive evaluation of pain may be involved in the pain-related effects observed in meditators. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging and a thermal pain paradigm we show that practitioners of Zen, compared to controls, reduce activity in executive, evaluative and emotion areas during pain (prefrontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus). Meditators with the most experience showed the largest activation reductions. Simult…
matched on Pain (mesh), chronic pain (text), Pain Measurement (mesh), Pain Threshold (mesh)
Parental catastrophizing about child's pain and its relationship with activity restriction: the mediating role of parental distress.
Recent research has demonstrated that parental behaviors have an important impact upon child and adolescent pain outcomes. At present, however, we do not know which parents engage in particular behaviors and why. In 2 studies, the impact of parental catastrophizing about their child's pain upon parental tendency to stop their child's pain-inducing activity was investigated. Further, the mediating role of parental distress was explored. In study 1, a sample of schoolchildren (n=62; M=12.48 years; SD=1.72) took part in a cold-pressor task. In study 2, a clinical sample of adolescents with chronic pain (n=36; M=15.68 years; SD=1.85) performed a 2-min walking task designed as a pain-inducing activity. In both studies, the accompanying parent was asked to watch their child performing the pain task. Findings revealed, for both studies, that parents with a high level of catastrophic thinking ab…
matched on Pain (mesh), chronic pain (text), Catastrophization (mesh), Pain Measurement (mesh)