How feeling is noticed, tolerated, shifted or suppressed.
Everything below was reached through this subject, not through the words you typed. Every row states how it was reached.
Research library, full list
976 to 1000 of 3,214The impact of emotion regulation on cardiovascular, neuroendocrine and psychological stress responses.
Emotion regulation (ER) is vital for healthy adaptation and influences how individuals respond to and recover from stress. We investigated whether ER improves cardiovascular, neuroendocrine and psychological stress responses, while taking into account the moderating role of habitual ER tendencies. Eighty-six women applied either cognitive reappraisal or expressive suppression (vs. control) while undergoing a stressor. Reappraisal decreased heart rate variability (HRV) during stress, but also initiated a stronger post-stress HRV-recovery relative to suppression. This reappraisal-induced cardiac-vagal-flexibility was particularly observed in habitual reappraisers. Furthermore, the reappraisal group reported enhanced positive affect, whereas the suppression group experienced more unpleasantness and expressed higher cortisol levels than controls. Heightened cortisol reactivity was also found…
matched on Emotional Regulation (mesh), cognitive reappraisal (text), emotion regulation (text), expressive suppression (text)
The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire: Psychometric Properties in General Community Samples.
The Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) is a 10-item self-report measure of 2 emotion regulation strategies, cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression. It is a widely used measure of emotion regulation, but its factor structure has rarely been examined outside of university student samples, and some authors have recently questioned its factorial validity in general community samples. In this study, we examine the psychometric properties of the ERQ (original English version) in 3 Australian general community samples (N = 300, 400, 348). Confirmatory factor analyses in each sample demonstrated that the traditional 2-factor model (comprised of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression factors) was replicable and an excellent fit to the data. In all samples, ERQ cognitive reappraisal (α = .89-.90) and expressive suppression (α = .76-.80) scores had acceptable to excellent le…
matched on Emotional Regulation (mesh), cognitive reappraisal (text), emotion regulation (text), expressive suppression (text)
Emotion-specific regulation components differentially predict profiles of adolescent psychosocial dysfunction.
Emotion regulation (ER) difficulties are a transdiagnostic risk factor for adolescent psychopathology, yet research is hampered by high intercorrelations among ER components. This study employed a data-driven approach to identify distinct profiles of adolescent dysfunction and select a parsimonious set of stable emotion-specific regulatory predictors. A sample of 795 Iranian adolescents (68.6% female; Mage = 16.06) completed measures of emotion-specific ER across sadness, fear, and anger (CERSA), psychosocial adjustment (SDQ), pathological traits (PID-5-BF), and disability (WHODAS-12). Person-centered cluster analysis identified dysfunction profiles, and ordinal LASSO penalized regression selected stable ER predictors of cluster membership, with both steps embedded within a full-pipeline bootstrap. Three stable clusters emerged, reflecting a severity gradient: low-, moderate-, and high-d…
matched on Emotional Regulation (mesh), Emotions (mesh), emotion regulation (text)
Social comparison and maladaptive emotion regulation are associated with poorer mental health in social media users.
The ubiquity of social technologies in daily life has intensified concerns about their psychological impact. Emerging evidence points to the quality of engagement and the psychological processes that social media use activates. This study examined these processes in a nationally representative sample of 1,707 adults aged 16-75 (M = 44.5, SD = 14.8), 50.40% females. Objective screen-time verification was complemented with validated self-report questionnaires measuring anxiety and depression symptomatology, anger reactions and displaced aggression, social comparison, and maladaptive emotion regulation. Data were analyzed using correlation analyses, multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), and path analysis. Findings revealed consistent gender differences: women spent more time online and reported higher levels of social comparison and maladaptive regulation strategies. Cohort analyse…
matched on Emotional Regulation (mesh), Emotions (mesh), emotion regulation (text)
Predicting academic procrastination of students based on academic self-efficacy and emotional regulation difficulties.
Academic procrastination is one of the major factors that can be a serious obstacle for students to achieve academic progress and success. This research aimed to investigate and predict academic procrastination based on academic self-efficacy and emotional regulation difficulties of students of one of the medical sciences universities in southern Iran in 2024. This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 290 students of different fields in the south of Iran between January and April 2024. Data was collected using standard questionnaires of academic procrastination, academic self-efficacy, and difficulty in emotional regulation. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression were employed to examine the data using SPSS 23 software. A significant level of 0.05 was considered. The average score of academic procr…
matched on Emotional Regulation (mesh), Emotions (mesh), emotion regulation (text)
Magri TD, De Leon AN, Klaver SJ, Hayden E, Burr EK, Bilagi N, Nguyen M, Wang CL, Marohnic SD, Dunn ME, Meshesha LZ, Rodriguez NE, Dvorak RD (2025)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJournal of affective disorders Thinking when I'm drinking: The interaction of mood and rumination across drinking and non-drinking days.
Background: Prior research has explored the links between emotion regulation, rumination, and problematic alcohol use. However, the extant literature has yet to investigate daily fluctuations among these factors on drinking and non-drinking days comparatively.
Method: College student drinkers (n = 85; 64 % female; M age = 20.04 years) were enrolled in a 21-day ecological momentary assessment study (EMA) examining rumination, via the brooding subscale of the ruminative response scale, and emotion, from the mood circumplex model, on both drinking and non-drinking days. Participants completed up to 11 assessments each day measuring composite positive mood, sadness, anger, anxiety, rumination, and alcohol use. Multilevel regression examined the influence of rumination and mood trajectories across drinking and non-drinking days.
Results: On drinking days, positive mood peaked at drinking init…
matched on Emotional Regulation (mesh), Affect (mesh), emotion regulation (text)
Kirwan M (2024)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJournal of sex research2 citations Attitudes, Emotions, and Emotion Regulation as Underlying and In-The-Moment Predictors of Men's Intentions to Perpetrate Sexual Assault: An Application of the I3 Model.
Sexual assault is a significant problem among young men, and several underlying and in-the-moment factors are associated with this behavior. However, research has not examined how underlying factors may influence men's in-the-moment use of emotion regulation (ER) strategies, emotional experience during sexual situations, or intentions to perpetrate sexual assault. 187 young, single men from the United States who had sex with a woman in the past year completed questionnaires, projected themselves into hypothetical sexual scenarios, and indicated how they would behave when their partner withdrew consent during these scenarios. Participants were grouped into profiles of ER strategy use, which was used as part of a model predicting sexual assault perpetration. Specifically, men with greater hostility toward women were especially likely to use a "low acting with awareness, low resignation" pr…
matched on Emotional Regulation (mesh), Emotions (mesh), emotion regulation (text)
Specific emotion and momentary emotion regulation in adolescence and early adulthood.
Emotion regulation (ER) is an important factor in resilience and overall well-being throughout development, and youth report increased variation in emotion and capacity for regulation across adolescence and early adulthood. Specific emotions may be associated with the use of different ER strategies, but much evidence exclusively collapses across negative and positive affect or may not reflect the daily experience of emotion and emotion regulation. The present study examined associations between the experience of unique positive and negative emotions and the use of common ER strategies in adolescence and early adulthood during daily life using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). The sample included 184 high school and college students (55% female, Mage = 17.88, SD = 1.25) who completed EMA surveys three times daily for 10 days (89% compliance). Participants reported on their recent emo…
matched on Emotional Regulation (mesh), Emotions (mesh), emotion regulation (text)
Role of positive emotion regulation strategies in the association between childhood trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder among trauma-exposed individuals who use substances.
Background: The co-occurrence of childhood trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is highly prevalent and clinically significant. Existing research emphasizes the role of emotion regulation in the relation between childhood trauma and PTSD. Yet, research in this area has almost exclusively examined the influence of strategies aimed at regulating negative emotions, such as anger and sadness.
Objective: To extend existing research, the current study examined underlying roles of strategies for regulating positive emotions (i.e., self- and emotion-focused positive rumination and positive dampening) in the association between childhood trauma severity and PTSD symptoms.
Participants and setting: Participants were 320 trauma-exposed community individuals who reported past 30-day substance use (Mage = 35.78, 50.3% men, 81.6% white).
Method: Analyses examined whether childhood trauma se…
matched on Emotional Regulation (mesh), Emotions (mesh), emotion regulation (text)
Emotion regulation strategy correlates with discrete state emotion in major depression.
Background and objectives: Research has shown that state emotion can affect emotion regulation strategies in healthy samples. Emotion regulation plays an important role in depression. We hypothesized that for depressed individuals, experiencing anxiety or anger affects emotion regulation strategy use differently than experiencing sadness.
Design and methods: Individuals diagnosed with chronic or recurrent depression (N = 386) responded to vignettes of hypothetical stressors and reported their state emotions and emotion regulation strategies in a thought-listing procedure. We modeled the effect of reporting anger or anxiety compared to sadness on the use of seven emotion regulation strategies: avoidance, distraction, other-blame, problem-solving, rumination, self-blame, and social support.
Results: Compared to sadness, anger was associated with a greater likelihood of using other-blame, a…
matched on Emotional Regulation (mesh), Emotions (mesh), emotion regulation (text)
Delta-beta correlation predicts adaptive child emotion regulation concurrently and two years later.
Emotion regulation (ER), the ability to flexibly monitor and modify emotions, is related to positive adjustment throughout the lifespan. Biological indexes of ER in childhood that predict behavior are valuable for clinical applications and our understanding of affective neurodevelopment. Delta-beta correlation (DBC), or the coupling between resting state slow-wave (delta) and fast-wave (beta) neural oscillations derived from EEG, may be a metric of the functional coherence between subcortical and cortical neural circuitry implicated in ER. Yet, little is understood about how DBC corresponds to observed ER during emotional challenges. To address this question, in the present study, resting-state EEG was recorded to generate DBC when children were 5-7 years old (T1) and again two years later (T2). Children also completed two emotionally challenging behavioral tasks [delay of gratification …
matched on Emotional Regulation (mesh), Emotions (mesh), emotion regulation (text)
The mediating role of emotion regulation strategies on the association between rejection sensitivity, aggression, withdrawal, and prosociality.
Although previous studies have shown that rejection sensitivity (RS) is related to aggressive, prosocial, and withdrawal behaviors, little is known on the underlying mechanisms. This contribution aims to fill this gap by showing the usefulness of differentiating between the cognitive (expectation) and emotional (anxiety, anger) components of RS and testing the potential mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation (ER) strategies for predicting aggressive, prosocial, and withdrawal tendencies. Results from data collected in a sample of young adults (N = 445) showed that rejection expectation was only negatively linked to prosociality and that 2 functional ER strategies (i.e., positive reappraisal and putting into perspective) negatively mediate this relation. Conversely, dysfunctional ER strategies positively mediated the positive links between anger about rejection and aggression (i.e…
matched on Emotional Regulation (mesh), Emotions (mesh), emotion regulation (text)
Positive emotion dispositions and emotion regulation in the Italian population.
The goal of this large-scale study was to test the relationship between positive emotion dispositions (i.e., Joy, Contentment, Pride, Love, Compassion, Amusement, and Awe) and two strategies of emotion regulation (i.e., reappraisal and suppression) in the Italian population. 532 Italian-speaking adults completed the Dispositional Positive Emotion Scales (DPES), the Positive and Negative Affective Schedule (PANAS), the Italian Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), and the Big-Five Inventory (BFI). DPES scales showed high reliability. Exploratory Factor Analysis showed that a 6-factor model fits the Italian sample better. Joy and Contentment loaded on the same factor. Items assessing the other five emotions loaded on separate factors. The patterns of relationships between positive emotion dispositions, positive and negative affects traits (PANAS), and personality traits (BFI) indicated c…
matched on Emotional Regulation (mesh), Affect (mesh), emotion regulation (text)
Treatment Refractory Internalizing Behaviour Across Disorders: An Aetiological Model for Severe Emotion Dysregulation in Adolescence.
Auto-aggressive behaviour, especially treatment refractory suicidality in adolescents with psychiatric disorders, may be challenging to clinicians. In search of therapeutic possibilities, we have integrated current opinions regarding causality and interdependency of suicidality and auto-aggressive behaviour across disorders within the HiTOP framework. We propose a developmental model regarding these unsettling behaviours in youths that may help to guide future directions for research and interventions. We argue that the interdependent development of biologic factors, attachment, moral reasoning and emotion regulation in an overprotective environment may lead to social anxiety and later during development to emotion dysregulation and severe internalizing behaviour disorders. To optimize treatment efficacy for both internalizing and externalizing behaviour, we emphasize the importance tran…
matched on Emotional Regulation (mesh), Emotions (mesh), emotion regulation (text)
Interoceptive Sensibility, Alexithymia, and Emotion Regulation in Individuals Suffering from Fibromyalgia.
Introduction: People suffering from fibromyalgia syndrome report various difficulties in emotional processing, possibly resulting from changes in bodily perception (interoception). In our study, we investigated the relationships between interoceptive sensibility (IS) and two disease-relevant emotional components (alexithymia and emotion regulation) in fibromyalgia sufferers compared to healthy individuals.
Methods: Fifty-five fibromyalgia sufferers and 55 healthy individuals, matched with regard to age and gender, participated in our cross-sectional study. All participants completed the following self-report measures: the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, and the Emotion Regulation Skills Questionnaire. Depression and anxiety scores served as confounding variables.
Results: Fibromyalgia sufferers reported a stronger tendency to note as…
matched on Emotional Regulation (mesh), Emotions (mesh), emotion regulation (text)
Total sleep deprivation reduces top-down regulation of emotion without altering bottom-up affective processing.
Sleep loss is reported to influence affective processing, causing changes in overall mood and altering emotion regulation. These aspects of affective processing are seldom investigated together, making it difficult to determine whether total sleep deprivation has a global effect on how affective stimuli and emotions are processed, or whether specific components of affective processing are affected selectively. Sixty healthy adults were recruited for an in-laboratory study and, after a monitored night of sleep and laboratory acclimation, randomly assigned to either a total sleep deprivation condition (n = 40) or a rested control condition (n = 20). Measurements of mood, vigilant attention to affective stimuli, affective working memory, affective categorization, and emotion regulation were taken for both groups. With one exception, measures of interest were administered twice: once at base…
matched on Emotional Regulation (mesh), Affect (mesh), emotion regulation (text)
The relationship between mindfulness and envy: The mediating role of emotional intelligence.
Envy is a mixed negative emotion that is characterized by feelings of hostility, inferiority, resentment, and depression. It has been found that mindfulness is negatively associated with envy. This paper aimed to explore the interaction between mindfulness and envy by referring to the mindful emotion regulation model, and it also examines the mediation of emotional intelligence. Six hundred and seventy-six participants (182 men and 494 women) completed the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, the Dispositional Envy Scale, and the Wong Law Emotional Intelligence Scale. Results suggest that mindfulness is significantly and negatively correlated with envy. Meanwhile, a multiple mediation analysis indicated that regulation of emotion and use of emotion partially mediate the impact of mindfulness on envy. The current study not only provides a theoretical basis for possible mechanisms underlying…
matched on Emotional Regulation (mesh), Emotions (mesh), emotion regulation (text)
Emotion regulation habits related to depression: A longitudinal investigation of stability and change in repetitive negative thinking and positive reappraisal.
Background: The propensity to use more repetitive negative thinking and less positive reappraisal is theorized to play an important role in depression. To date, little is known about the presumed enduring nature of these emotion regulation habits. Therefore, this study examined individual longitudinal trajectories and within-person sources of change in the habitual use of repetitive negative thinking and positive reappraisal.
Methods: Participants (N=320) completed twenty waves of data collection separated by one-week time intervals. At each wave, participants completed measures of habitual repetitive negative thinking, habitual positive reappraisal, perceived stress, and depression symptoms.
Results: Growth curve modeling revealed that the prototypical longitudinal trajectories of habitual repetitive negative thinking and positive reappraisal were relatively stable over time. Yet, subst…
matched on Emotional Regulation (mesh), Emotions (mesh), emotion regulation (text)
Bonanno GA, Diminich ED (2013)reviewMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJournal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines312 citations Annual Research Review: Positive adjustment to adversity--trajectories of minimal-impact resilience and emergent resilience.
Background: Research on resilience in the aftermath of potentially traumatic life events (PTE) is still evolving. For decades, researchers have documented resilience in children exposed to corrosive early environments, such as poverty or chronic maltreatment. Relatively more recently, the study of resilience has migrated to the investigation of isolated PTE in adults.
Methods: In this article, we first consider some of the key differences in the conceptualization of resilience following chronic adversity versus resilience following single-incident traumas, and then describe some of the misunderstandings that have developed about these constructs. To organize our discussion, we introduce the terms emergent resilience and minimal-impact resilience to represent trajectories of positive adjustment in these two domains, respectively.
Results: We focused in particular on minimal-impact resilie…
matched on Adaptation, Psychological (mesh), emotion regulation (text)
Mobile therapy: case study evaluations of a cell phone application for emotional self-awareness.
Background: Emotional awareness and self-regulation are important skills for improving mental health and reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Cognitive behavioral therapy can teach these skills but is not widely available.
Objective: This exploratory study examined the potential of mobile phone technologies to broaden access to cognitive behavioral therapy techniques and to provide in-the-moment support.
Methods: We developed a mobile phone application with touch screen scales for mood reporting and therapeutic exercises for cognitive reappraisal (ie, examination of maladaptive interpretations) and physical relaxation. The application was deployed in a one-month field study with eight individuals who had reported significant stress during an employee health assessment. Participants were prompted via their mobile phones to report their moods several times a day on a Mood Map-a tra…
matched on Affect (mesh), Adaptation, Psychological (mesh), cognitive reappraisal (text)
Back to basics: a naturalistic assessment of the experience and regulation of emotion.
Emotion regulation research links regulatory responding to important outcomes in psychological well-being, physical health, and interpersonal relations, but several fundamental questions remain. As much of the previous research has addressed generalized regulatory habits, far less is known about the ways in which individuals respond to emotions in daily life. The literature is particularly sparse in explorations of positive emotion regulation. In the current study, we provide an assessment of naturalistic experiences and regulation of emotion, both positive and negative in valence. Using an electronic experience sampling methodology, participants reported on their use of 40 regulatory strategies in response to 14 emotions for 10 consecutive days. On average, participants used 15 different regulatory strategies in response to negative emotions over this time, most frequently relying on ac…
matched on Affect (mesh), Emotions (mesh), Adaptation, Psychological (mesh), emotion regulation (text)
DeSteno D, Gross JJ, Kubzansky L (2013)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usHealth psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association189 citations Affective science and health: the importance of emotion and emotion regulation.
Objective: The goal of this article is to provide insight into how recent findings from affective science may be translated into the health arena.
Methods: We first review definitional issues related to the key concepts of emotion and stress. We then review relevant research that informs our understanding of the affect-health relationship. Subsequently, we highlight findings that are the most informative and also ripe for translation into the domains of health and health-related behaviors.
Results: We identify several domains of affect-relevant processes (e.g., emotion-regulation, stress response) that would benefit from increased elaboration. Three themes may guide how best to broaden our understanding across multiple domains: the need to use a differentiated emotion-based approach, the need to consider potential synergistic and oppositional effects of emotion that can occur in parallel…
matched on Affect (mesh), Emotions (mesh), Adaptation, Psychological (mesh), emotion regulation (text)
Coping with emotions past: the neural bases of regulating affect associated with negative autobiographical memories.
Background: Although the ability to adaptively reflect on negative autobiographical experiences without ruminating is critical to mental health, to our knowledge no research has directly examined the neural systems underlying this process.
Methods: Sixteen participants were scanned using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) as they focused on negative autobiographical memories using cognitive strategies designed to facilitate (feel strategy) versus undermine (analyze and accept strategies) rumination.
Results: Two key findings were obtained. First, consistent with prior emotion regulation research using image-based stimuli, left prefrontal activity was observed during the implementation of all three strategies. Second, activity in a network of regions involved in self-referential processing and emotion, including subgenual anterior cingulate cortex and medial prefrontal cortex, w…
matched on Affect (mesh), Emotions (mesh), Adaptation, Psychological (mesh), emotion regulation (text)
McNulty JK, Hellmuth JC (2008)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJournal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43)50 citations Emotion regulation and intimate partner violence in newlyweds.
Is the inability to regulate negative emotions a risk factor for intimate partner violence (IPV)? To address this question, the authors asked 72 newlywed couples to report their levels of negative affect every day for 7 days and examined whether variability in those reports was associated with the IPV self-reported to have been perpetrated over the previous year. Although main effects of variability in both husbands' and wives' negative affect did not reach statistical significance, variability in husbands' negative affect significantly interacted with wives' reports of IPV to account for husbands' IPV, even after overall levels of husbands' negative affect, marital satisfaction, and chronic stress were controlled. Specifically, whereas variability in negative affect was unrelated to IPV among husbands with wives who reported no IPV, such variability was positively associated with the IP…
matched on Affect (mesh), Emotions (mesh), Adaptation, Psychological (mesh), emotion regulation (text)
Vagal tone and temperament as predictors of emotion regulation strategies in young children.
We examined indices of vagal tone and two dimensions of temperament as predictors of emotion regulation (ER) strategies among children (n = 54, ages 4-7) of mothers with a history of depression and control mothers. Children's (adaptive and maladaptive) ER strategies were observed during a delay of gratification (frustration) task in one protocol. In a separate and independent protocol, vagal tone was assessed during rest (baseline), during emotional challenge (reactivity) and post-challenge (recovery) and mothers rated their children's temperament (effortful control, negative affectivity). Lower vagal recovery and higher negative affectivity were associated with maladaptive ER responses to frustration. However, vagal tone and temperament were not associated with adaptive ER responses and maternal depression status did not affect the results. Overall, the findings are consistent with mode…
matched on Affect (mesh), Emotions (mesh), Adaptation, Psychological (mesh), emotion regulation (text)