Loss of a person and the mourning that follows it.
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بَلَىٰۚ مَنۡ أَسۡلَمَ وَجۡهَهُۥ لِلَّهِ وَهُوَ مُحۡسِنࣱ فَلَهُۥٓ أَجۡرُهُۥ عِندَ رَبِّهِۦ وَلَا خَوۡفٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَلَا هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُونَ
In fact, any who direct themselves wholly to God and do good will have their reward with their Lord: no fear for them, nor will they grieve
ٱلَّذِينَ يُنفِقُونَ أَمۡوَٰلَهُمۡ فِي سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ ثُمَّ لَا يُتۡبِعُونَ مَآ أَنفَقُواْ مَنࣰّ ا وَلَآ أَذࣰ ى لَّهُمۡ أَجۡرُهُمۡ عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡ وَلَا خَوۡفٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَلَا هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُونَ
Those who spend their wealth in God’s cause, and do not follow their spending with reminders of their benevolence or hurtful words, will have their rewards with their Lord: no fear for them, nor will they grieve
ٱلَّذِينَ يُنفِقُونَ أَمۡوَٰلَهُم بِٱلَّيۡلِ وَٱلنَّهَارِ سِرࣰّ ا وَعَلَانِيَةࣰ فَلَهُمۡ أَجۡرُهُمۡ عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡ وَلَا خَوۡفٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَلَا هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُونَ
Those who give, out of their own possessions, by night and by day, in private and in public, will have their reward with their Lord: no fear for them, nor will they grieve
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ وَأَقَامُواْ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتَوُاْ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ لَهُمۡ أَجۡرُهُمۡ عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡ وَلَا خَوۡفٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَلَا هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُونَ
Those who believe, do good deeds, keep up the prayer, and pay the prescribed alms will have their reward with their Lord: no fear for them, nor will they grieve
قُلۡنَا ٱهۡبِطُواْ مِنۡهَا جَمِيعࣰ اۖ فَإِمَّا يَأۡتِيَنَّكُم مِّنِّي هُدࣰ ى فَمَن تَبِعَ هُدَايَ فَلَا خَوۡفٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَلَا هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُونَ
We said, ‘Get out, all of you! But when guidance comes from Me, as it certainly will, there will be no fear for those who follow My guidance nor will they grieve
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَٱلَّذِينَ هَادُواْ وَٱلنَّصَٰرَىٰ وَٱلصَّٰبِـِٔينَ مَنۡ ءَامَنَ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأٓخِرِ وَعَمِلَ صَٰلِحࣰ ا فَلَهُمۡ أَجۡرُهُمۡ عِندَ رَبِّهِمۡ وَلَا خَوۡفٌ عَلَيۡهِمۡ وَلَا هُمۡ يَحۡزَنُونَ
The [Muslim] believers, the Jews, the Christians, and the Sabians- all those who believe in God and the Last Day and do good- will have their rewards with their Lord. No fear for them, nor will they grieve
Commentary on the verses above, at most two editions per verse.
No, whosoever submits his face to God, doing the beautiful, shall have his wage with his Lord, and no fear shall be upon them, neither shall they grieve. The work is the work of the purifiers, the good fortune the good fortune of the truthful, the con- duct the conduct of the pure, and the hard cash the hard cash in their purse. Today they are on the carpet of service with the light of recognition, tomorrow on the carpet of companionship with the joy of union. Surely We purified them with that which is pure [38:46]. He is saying, “We made them pure and brought them forth pure from the crucible of testing so that they would be worthy for the Presence,” for the Pure Presence gives access only to the pure. “Surely God is goodly and accepts only the goodly.” Nothing is of any use with the Pure Presence save pure activity and pure speech. Then you must become so purified of that pure activity
(Those who spend their wealth for the cause of Allah�) [2:262]. Said al-Kalbi: �This verse was revealed about 'Uthman ibn 'Affan and 'Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Awf. As for 'Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Awf, he went and gave the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, four thousand silver coins to distribute in charity. 'Abd al-Rahman ibn 'Awf said to him: 'I have eight thousand silver coins; I have kept four thousand for me and my family and I loan these four thousands to my Lord'. The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, said to him: 'May Allah bless for you that which you have kept and that which you have given'. And as for 'Uthman, may Allah be well pleased with him, he said: 'Upon me is the equipment of anyone who has no equipment for the Battle of Tabuk'. And so he equipped the Muslims with one thousand camels with their hunches and saddle blankets and also gave to
(Those who spend their wealth by night and day, by stealth and openly�) [2:274]. Abu Ibrahim Isma'il ibn Ibrahim al-Nasrabadhi informed us> 'Amr ibn Nujayd> Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn al-Khalil> Hisham ibn 'Ammar> Muhammad ibn Shu'ayb> Ibn Mahdi> Yazid ibn 'Abd Allah> 'Arib> his father> his grandfather> the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, who said: �This verse (Those who spend their wealth by night and day, by stealth and openly, verily their reward is with their Lord) was revealed about the owners of horses�. The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, also said: �The devils will not bewitch anyone who has in his house a noble horse�. This is also the opinion of Abu Umamah, Abu'l-Darda', Makhul, al-Awza'i and Rabah ibn Zayd. They said: �This refers to those who tie their horses for the sake of Allah, they spend on them by night and day, secretly an
(Lo! Those who believe (in that which is revealed unto thee, Muhammad), and those who are Jews�) [2:62]. Al-Hafiz Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad informed us> �Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn Ja�far the al-Hafiz> Abu Yahya al-Razi> Sahl ibn �Uthman al-�Askari> Yahya ibn Abi Za�idah who said: �Ibn Jurayj said> �Abd Allah ibn Kuthayr> Mujahid who said: �When Salman related to the Prophet, Allah bless him and give him peace, the story of the monks, the Prophet told him that they will dwell in hell fire�. Salman said: �The whole earth became gloomy for me, but then this verse was revealed (Lo! Those who believe (in that which is revealed unto thee, Muhammad), and those who are Jews) up to Allah�s saying (and there shall no fear come upon them neither shall they grieve), and it was as if a mountain had been lifted away from me� �. Muhammad ibn �Abd al-�Aziz al-Marwazi informed us> Muhammad ibn al-Hus
We said ‘Go down from it from the Garden all together He has repeated this phrase qulnā ihbitū in order to supplement it with yet fa-immā the nūn of the conditional particle in ‘if’ has been assimilated with the extra mā there shall come to you from Me guidance a Book and a prophet and whoever follows My guidance believing in me and performing deeds in obedience of Me no fear shall befall them neither shall they grieve in the Hereafter since they will be admitted into Paradise.
We said: "Get down all of you from this place (the Paradise), then whenever there comes to you Hudan (guidance) from Me, and whoever follows My guidance, there shall be no fear on them, nor shall they grieve (38)But those who disbelieve and belie Our Ayat (proofs, evidences, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) ـ such are the dwellers of the Fire. They shall abide therein forever. (39) Allah stated that when He sent Adam, Hawwa', and Shaytan to earth from Paradise, He warned them that He will reveal Books and send Prophets and Messengers to them, i.e., to their offspring. Abu Al-'Aliyah said, "Al-Huda, refers to the Prophets, Messengers, the clear signs and plain explanation." فَمَن تَبِعَ هُدَايَ (And whoever follows My guidance) meaning, whoever accepts what is contained in My Books and what I send the Messengers with, فَلاَ خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ (There shall be no fear on them)
Sound narrations only, and never matched by text. A narration appears here because a compiler filed it under a chapter this subject maps to, or because someone read it and anchored it. Each row says which.
وَحَدَّثَنَاهُ قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ يَعْنِي الدَّرَاوَرْدِيَّ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ مَخْلَدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ بِلاَلٍ، جَمِيعًا بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ .
This hadith has been narrated by Sulaiman b. Bilal with the same chain of transmitters
وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ، وَعُثْمَانُ، ابْنَا أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ح وَحَدَّثَنِي عَمْرٌو النَّاقِدُ، قَالُوا جَمِيعًا حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو خَالِدٍ الأَحْمَرُ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ كَيْسَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم " لَقِّنُوا مَوْتَاكُمْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ " .
Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:Exhort to recite" There is no god but Allah" to those of you who are dying
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بِشْرٍ، بَكْرُ بْنُ خَلَفٍ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْحَمِيدِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ أَفْلَحَ، عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ قَالَ " لِلْمُسْلِمِ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِ أَرْبَعُ خِلاَلٍ يُشَمِّتُهُ إِذَا عَطَسَ وَيُجِيبُهُ إِذَا دَعَاهُ وَيَشْهَدُهُ إِذَا مَاتَ وَيَعُودُهُ إِذَا مَرِضَ " .
It was narrated from Abu Mas’ud that the Prophet (ﷺ) said:“The Muslim has four things due from the Muslim: He should answer [by saying Yarhamuk-Allah (may Allah have mercy on you)] to him if he sneezes (and says Al-Hamdulillah); he should accept his invitation if he invites him; he should attend his funeral if he dies; and he should visit him if he falls sick.”
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ " خَمْسٌ مِنْ حَقِّ الْمُسْلِمِ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِ رَدُّ التَّحِيَّةِ وَإِجَابَةُ الدَّعْوَةِ وَشُهُودُ الْجِنَازَةِ وَعِيَادَةُ الْمَرِيضِ وَتَشْمِيتُ الْعَاطِسِ إِذَا حَمِدَ اللَّهَ " .
It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:“Five are the rights of the Muslim: Returning his greeting, accepting his invitation; attending his funeral; visiting the sick; and answering (saying Yarhamuk-Allah) to the one who sneezes, if he praises Allah (says Al-Hamdu Lillah).”
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ النُّفَيْلِيُّ، وَإِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ الْمِصِّيصِيُّ، - الْمَعْنَى - قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْمَلِيحِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ، - قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ السُّلَمِيُّ - عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، وَكَانَتْ، لَهُ صُحْبَةٌ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ " إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا سَبَقَتْ لَهُ مِنَ اللَّهِ مَنْزِلَةٌ لَمْ يَبْلُغْهَا بِعَمَلِهِ ابْتَلاَهُ اللَّهُ فِي جَسَدِهِ أَوْ فِي مَالِهِ أَوْ فِي وَلَدِهِ " . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ زَادَ ابْنُ نُفَيْلٍ " ثُمَّ صَبَّرَهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ " . ثُمَّ اتَّفَقَا " حَتَّى يُبْلِغَهُ الْمَنْزِلَةَ الَّتِي سَبَقَتْ لَهُ مِنَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى " .
Narrated Muhammad ibn Khalid as-Sulami: on his father's authority said his grandfather reported: He was a Companion of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: When Allah has previously decreed for a servant a rank which he has not attained by his action, He afflicts him in his body, or his property or his children. Abu Dawud said: Ibn Nufail added in his version: "He then enables him to endure that." The agreed version goes: "So that He may bring him to the rank previously decreed from him by Allah
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى، وَمُسَدَّدٌ، - الْمَعْنَى - قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ، عَنِ الْعَوَّامِ بْنِ حَوْشَبٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السَّكْسَكِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم غَيْرَ مَرَّةٍ وَلاَ مَرَّتَيْنِ يَقُولُ " إِذَا كَانَ الْعَبْدُ يَعْمَلُ عَمَلاً صَالِحًا فَشَغَلَهُ عَنْهُ مَرَضٌ أَوْ سَفَرٌ كُتِبَ لَهُ كَصَالِحِ مَا كَانَ يَعْمَلُ وَهُوَ صَحِيحٌ مُقِيمٌ " .
Narrated Abu Musa:I heard the Prophet (ﷺ) many times say: When a servant of Allah is accustomed to do a good work, then becomes ill or goes on journey, what was accustomed to do when he was well and staying at home will be recorded for him
Arabic originals, reached through the subject’s Arabic senses. Interpretive sources, never proof of a ruling.
فانظر إلى هذه الغيرة المحرمة القبيحة التي تضمنت أنواعا من المحرمات حلق الشعر عند المصيبة وقد قال رسول الله ليس منا من حلق وسلق وخرق أي حلق شعره ورفع صوته بالندب والنياحة وخرق ثيابه ومنها حلق اللحية وقد أمر رسول الله بإعفائها وتوفيرها ومنها منع إخوانه من تعزيته ونيل ثوابها
وجملة حق الجار أن يبدأه بالسلام ولا يطيل معه الكلام ولا يكثر عن حاله السؤال ويعوده في المرض ويعزيه في المصيبة ويقوم معه في العزاء ويهنئه في الفرح ويظهر الشركة في السرور معه ويصفح عن زلاته ولا يتطلع من السطح إلى عوراته ولا يضايقه في وضع الجذع على جداره ولا في مصب الماء في ميزابه ولا في مطرح التراب في فنائه ولا يضيق طرقه إلى الدار ولا يتبعه النظر فيما يحمله إلى داره ويستر ما ينكشف له من عوراته وينعشه من صرعته إذا نابته نائبة ولا يغفل عن ملاحظة داره عند غيبته ولا يسمع عليه كلاما ويغض بصره عن حرمته ولا يديم النظر إلى خادمته ويتلطف بولده في كلمته ويرشده إلى ما يجهله من أمر دينه ودنياه
1659 وعن أبي بردة قال وجع أبو موسى الأشعري رضي الله عنه فغشي عليه ورأسه في حجر امرأة من أهله فأقبلت تصيح برنة فلم يستطع أن يرد عليها شيئا فلما أفاق قال أنا بريء ممن بريء منه رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم بريء من الصالقة والحالقة والشاقة متفق عليه الصالقة التي ترفع صوتها بالنياحة والندب والحالقة التي تحلق رأسها عند المصيبة والشاقة التي تشق ثوبها
وقال مجاهد فصبر جميل في غير جزع وقال عمرو بن قيس فصبر جميل قال الرضا بالمصيبة والتسليم وقال بعض السلف فصبر جميل لا شكوى فيه وقال همام عن قتادة في قوله تعالى وابيضت عيناه من الحزن فهو كظيم قال كظم على حزن فلم يقل إلا خيرا وقال يحيى بن المختار عن الحسن الكظيم الصبور وقال همام عن قتادة في قوله تعالى وابيضت عيناه من الحزن فهو كظيم أى كميد أى كمد الحزن وقال الحسن ما جرعتين أحب إلى الله من جرعة مصيبة موجعة محزنة ردها صاحبها بحسن عزاء وصبر وجرعة غيظ ردها بحلم
701 وعن معاوية بن الحكم السلمي رضي الله عنه قال بينما أنا أصلى مع رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إذ عطس رجل من القوم فقلت يرحمك الله فرماني القوم بابصارهم فقلت وا ثكل أمياه ما شأنكم تنظرون إلي فجعلوا يضربون بأيديهم على أفخاذهم فلما رأيتهم يصمتونني لكني سكت فلما صلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فبابي هو وأمي ما رأيت معلما قبله ولا بعده أحسن تعليما منه فوالله ما كهرني ولا ضربني ولا شتمني قال إن هذه الصلاة لا يصلح فيها شيء من كلام الناس إنما هي التسبيح والتكبير وقراءة القرآن أو كما قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قلت يا رسول الله إني حديث عهد بجاهلية وقد جاء الله بالإسلام وإن منا رجالا يأتون الكهان قال فلا تأتهم قلت ومنا رجال يتطيرون قال ذاك شيء يجدونه في صدورهم فلا يصدنهم رواه مسلم الثكل بضم الثاء المثلثة المصيبة والفجيعة ما كهرني أي ما نهرني
الرابع أصوات النياحة ونغماتها وتأثيرها في تهييج الحزن والبكاء وملازمة الكآبة والحزن قسمان محمود ومذموم
Peer-reviewed work held with its DOI and abstract, labelled with the study design its publication types report. None of it has been read or assessed, so nothing here may be cited as showing anything. Retracted work is held for the record but never listed; a review that a later version replaced is listed under its replacement and marked.
Cultural differences on baby loss experiences: A comparison of the US and New Zealand.: Prior research has shown that the death of a baby (whether it be through miscarriage, stillbirth, or infant loss) can have profound effects on the parents involved. However, research has yet to adequately understand how these effects differ cross-culturally. Our research addresses these issues through a qualitative study of 47 bereaved mothers in the United States and New Zealand-cultures that have differing perspectives on death. Findings reveal that bereaved mothers in each country do not proc
A three-step support strategy for relatives of patients dying in the intensive care unit: a cluster randomised trial.: Background: In relatives of patients dying in intensive care units (ICUs), inadequate team support can increase the prevalence of prolonged grief and other psychological harm. We aimed to evaluate whether a proactive communication and support intervention would improve relatives' outcomes. Methods: We undertook a prospective, multicentre, cluster randomised controlled trial in 34 ICUs in France, to compare standard care with a physician-driven, nurse-aided, three-step support strategy for famili
Grief and Bereavement in Fathers After the Death of a Child: A Systematic Review.: Context: The death of a child is devastating, and complicated grief adversely impacts parental physical and psychosocial well-being. Most research currently is centered on bereaved mothers, and the experiences of fathers remains underexplored. Objective: We systematically reviewed the literature to characterize the grief and bereavement experiences of fathers after the death of a child. Data sources: We searched Medline, PsycInfo, Embase, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literat
Emotion Regulatory Strategies in Complicated Grief: A Systematic Review.: Prolonged grief disorder, characterized by severe, persistent, and disabling grief, has recently been included in the International Classification of Diseases-11 (ICD-11). Emotional disturbances are central to such complicated grief responses. Accordingly, emotion regulation is assumed critical in the development, persistence, and treatment of complicated grief. Yet, a comprehensive review on this topic is lacking. We conducted a systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42017076061) searching PsycInfo, W
Prevalence of prolonged grief disorder in adult bereavement: A systematic review and meta-analysis.: Background: Prolonged grief disorder (PGD) is a bereavement-specific syndrome expected to be included in the forthcoming ICD-11. Defining the prevalence of PGD will have important nosological, clinical, and therapeutic implications. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence rate of PGD in the adult bereaved population, identify possible moderators, and explore methodological quality of studies in this area. Methods: A systematic literature search was conduc
The prevalence of prolonged grief disorder in bereaved individuals following unnatural losses: Systematic review and meta regression analysis.: Background: Previous research has indicated that one out of ten naturally bereaved individuals develops prolonged grief disorder (PGD). Less is known about the prevalence of PGD following unnatural deaths, such as accidents, disasters, suicides, or homicides. The aim of this study was to compute the pooled prevalence of PGD and to determine possible causes of its varied estimates. Methods: A literature search was conducted in PsycINFO, Ovid Medline, PILOTS, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL. A
Shattered dreams: parental experiences of adolescent substance abuse.
Drug or substance abuse by adolescents continues to have a major impact on the health and well-being of young people and poses a serious management problem for health workers. While the majority of the problems surrounding adolescent substance abuse rest on the parents, little is actually known about their experiences. This study aimed to describe and construct an interpretation of the lived experiences of parenting an adolescent who abuses illicit substances. A qualitative approach, underpinned by the tenets of phenomenology, was used to conduct in-depth interviews with 18 parents. Thematic analysis revealed eight themes: confronting the lies, deceit, and suspicion; struggling to set limits; dealing with the consequences; living with the blame and the shame; trying to keep the child safe; grieving the child that was; living with the guilt; and choosing self-preservation. The results ind…
matched on Grief (mesh)
Recurrent miscarriage: psychological and relational consequences for couples.
Recurrent miscarriage is a rare condition that has been described as a traumatic event for couples. Although symptoms of depression, anxiety and lowered self-esteem have been related after recurrent miscarriage, little is known about its impact on couple sexuality and on gender differences in attitude and the grief that follow. The objectives of this study are to describe the consequences of recurrent pregnancy loss for the couple's relationship, and explore gender differences in attitudes and grief intensity toward this kind of reproductive failure. Each member of 30 couples with at least 3 recurrent miscarriages answered a set of questionnaires, including the Impact of Events Scale (Horowitz, Wilnwe, & Alvarez, 1979), the Perinatal Grief Scale (Toedter, Lasker, & Qlhadeff, 1988), the Partnership Questionnaire (Hahlweg, 1979) and the Intimate Relationship Scale (Hetherington & Soeken, 1…
matched on Grief (mesh)
Perinatal Bereavement Simulation for Labor and Delivery Nurses Using a Standardized Patient.
Objective: To assess the interaction and relationship-building skills of nurses caring for an individual experiencing fetal demise, evaluate the effectiveness of simulation to reflect on these skills, and provide recommendations for revision, improvement, and future offerings of simulation experiences. Design: Guided by the National League for Nursing Jeffries Simulation Theory, this evidence-based practice project provided labor and delivery nurses with an opportunity to participate in a fetal demise simulation scenario with a standardized patient (SP) and receive real-time, constructive feedback about their communication skills. Setting: The project was conducted in a large academic medical center in northern New Jersey that cares for approximately 50 to 60 individuals/families experiencing fetal demises annually. Participants: A convenience sample of 23 nurses participated in the expe…
matched on Bereavement (keyword), bereavement (text), Stillbirth (keyword)
Translation and evaluation of the Perinatal Grief Intensity Scale in Kenya and Uganda.
Background and aim: Stillbirth or neonatal death are distressing life experiences for parents. In many sub-Saharan African countries, bereavement care and support are inadequate. Context-appropriate interventions are needed to improve perinatal bereavement care. To assess whether these interventions work, reliable assessment tools are required. This study aimed to translate and evaluate the Perinatal Grief Intensity Scale [PGIS] for use among bereaved women in Kenya and Uganda. Methods: A mixed-methods study, involving cross cultural translation, adaptation and psychometric evaluation in Kenya and Uganda. The PGIS was translated into Kiswahili and Luganda with input from community engagement groups and stakeholders. Pilot-testing was conducted in 2 stages; 'Think aloud' interviews (n = 16) and test-retest (n = 20). The finalised tools were tested with 160 women who had experienced stillb…
matched on Bereavement (keyword), bereavement (text), Stillbirth (keyword)
Parent hospital experiences following stillbirth.
Introduction: Stillbirth is an adverse pregnancy outcome, occurring in approximately 1:160 pregnancies that deeply impacts families and healthcare providers. Best practice guidelines have been established to provide a framework for bereavement care; however, there are still gaps in the provision of care to these parents. Methods: A qualitative research design in the format of a self-administered online survey was used. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants in two phases-an open phase and a selected phase. Initial survey data were cleaned, resulting in 200 unique survey responses. The open-ended questions were analyzed using inductive content analysis. Results: The three main themes generated from the open-ended responses were Memory Making, Support, and Medical Decisions. Despite the majority of healthcare providers offering at least one memory making activity and the major…
matched on Grief (keyword), bereavement (text), Stillbirth (keyword)
Exploring coping strategies for perinatal bereaved mothers with loss and its associated factors in public health facilities in Southwest Ethiopia.
Background: Perinatal death, which includes stillbirth and early neonatal death, represents a profoundly distressing experience for mothers, particularly in low-resource environments where formal bereavement support is frequently inadequate. Despite the significant occurrence of perinatal loss in southwest Ethiopia, there is a lack of evidence regarding maternal coping mechanisms and the factors that influence them. Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the coping strategies of perinatally bereaved mothers in public health facilities in Southwest Ethiopia, 2025. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study based in facilities was carried out from January to June 2025, involving 417 mothers with a history of perinatal death who were receiving maternal health services at public health facilities in Ilubabor and Buno Bedele Zones. Data collection was performed via the cultural…
matched on Bereavement (keyword), bereavement (text), Perinatal Death (keyword)
Mothers working to prevent early stillbirth study (MiNESS 20-28): a case-control study protocol.
Introduction: In the UK, 1600 babies die every year before, during or immediately after birth at 20-28 weeks' gestation. This bereavement has a similar impact on parental physical and psychological well-being to late stillbirth (>28 weeks' gestation). Improved understanding of potentially modifiable risk factors for late stillbirth (including supine going-to-sleep position) has influenced international clinical practice. Information is now urgently required to similarly inform clinical practice and aid decision-making by expectant mothers/parents, addressing inequalities in pregnancy loss between 20 and 28 weeks. Methods and analysis: This study focuses on what portion of risk of pregnancy loss 20-28 weeks' gestation is associated with exposures amenable to public health campaigns/antenatal care adaptation. A case-control study of non-anomalous singleton baby loss (via miscarriage, still…
matched on Abortion, Spontaneous (mesh), Stillbirth (mesh), bereavement (text)
Perinatal bereavement care during COVID-19 in Australian maternity settings.
Objectives: Perinatal bereavement care is a complex area of practice. The COVID-19 pandemic led to reconfiguration of maternity and perinatal bereavement care services. This study explores Australian health care providers' perspectives of the impact of COVID-19 on the provision of respectful and supportive care following stillbirth or neonatal death. Methods: Members of a perinatal bereavement care network were consulted at the commencement of the pandemic in Australia using an online feedback form. Respondents provided ratings and free-text comments on the impact of COVID-19 on implementation of 49 recommendations contained in the Perinatal Society of Australia and New Zealand/Stillbirth Centre of Research Clinical Practice Guideline for Respectful and Supportive Perinatal Bereavement Care. Results: Responses were received from 35 health care providers who provided perinatal bereavement…
matched on Perinatal Death (mesh), Stillbirth (mesh), bereavement (text)
Mapping Hospital-Based Lactation Care Provided to Bereaved Mothers: A Basis for Quality Improvement.
Objective: The study aimed to identify and map the factors that shape the delivery of hospital-based lactation care for bereaved mothers to inform quality improvement initiatives targeting hospital-based lactation care. Methods: Focus groups and interviews were conducted at three large hospitals in Australia with 113 health professionals including obstetricians, neonatologists, midwives, neonatal nurses, lactation consultants, social workers or pastoral care workers, Human Milk Bank (HMB) staff, and perinatal bereavement nurses. Thematic and interactional data analysis identified the nature, scope, and pattern of bereavement lactation care. Results: A bereaved lactation care pathway was generated from health professionals' reports. Bereaved lactation care, if provided, was limited to brief encounters aimed at facilitating lactation suppression. The type of lactation care offered, and any…
matched on Bereavement (keyword), bereavement (text), Stillbirth (keyword)
PARENTS 2 study: consensus report for parental engagement in the perinatal mortality review process.
Objective: The PARENTS 1 study (Parents' Active Role and ENgagement in The review of their Stillbirth/perinatal death) found that parents would endorse the opportunity to give feedback into the perinatal mortality review (PNMR) process. In subsequent focus groups, healthcare professionals were positive about parental engagement, although they considered that there may be significant challenges. The objective of this study was to develop core principles and recommendations for parental engagement in PNMR in the UK. Methods: A two-round Delphi technique was followed to reach consensus on core principles for parental engagement in the PNMR process; Round 1 included a national consensus workshop and Round 2 an online questionnaire. The consensus meeting was attended by a national panel of stakeholders (clinical and academic experts, parent advocates, managers and commissioners) in stillbirth…
matched on Perinatal Death (mesh), Stillbirth (mesh), bereavement (text)
Care quality following intrauterine death in Spanish hospitals: results from an online survey.
Background: The objective of the study was to evaluate practices in Spanish hospitals after intrauterine death in terms of medical/ technical care and bereavement support care. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study using an online self-completion questionnaire. The population was defined as women who had experienced an intrauterine fetal death between sixteen weeks and birth, either through spontaneous late miscarriage/stillbirth or termination of pregnancy for medical reasons. Respondents were recruited through an online advertisement on a stillbirth charity website and social media. The analysis used Pearson's chi-squared (p ≤ 0.05) test of independence to cross-analyse for associations between objective measures of care quality and independent variables. Results: Responses from 796 women were analysed. Half of the women (52.9%) had postmortem contact with their baby. 30.4% left…
matched on Abortion, Spontaneous (mesh), Stillbirth (mesh), bereavement (text)
An Internet-delivered Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (iCBT) for Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) in adults: A multiple-baseline single-case experimental design study
The death of a loved one has physical, psychological, and social consequences. Between 9.8 and 21.5 % of people who lose a loved one develop Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD). Internet- and computer-based interventions (i.e., Internet-delivered Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, iCBT) are cost-effective and scalable alternatives that make it possible to reach more people with PGD. The main goal of the present investigation was to examine the effect and feasibility (usability and satisfaction) of an iCBT (GROw program) for adults with PGD. A secondary objective was to detect adherence to the app (Emotional Monitor) used to measure daily grief symptoms. The study had a single-case multiple-baseline AB design with six participants. The GROw program is organized sequentially in eight modules, and it is based on the dual-process model of coping with bereavement. Evaluations included a pre-to-post tre…
matched on bereavement (text), complicated grief (text), prolonged grief (text)
Therapist-Assisted Web-Based Intervention for Prolonged Grief Disorder After Cancer Bereavement: Randomized Controlled Trial
Background Bereavement due to cancer increases the risk of prolonged grief disorder. However, specialized treatment options for prolonged grief after a loss due to illness are still scarce. Objective The aim of this study is to extend previous findings by evaluating a web-based cognitive behavioral intervention with asynchronous therapist support, consisting of structured writing tasks adapted specifically for prolonged grief after cancer bereavement. Methods The intervention was evaluated in a purely web-based randomized waitlist-controlled trial. Open-access recruitment of participants was conducted on the web. Prolonged grief (Inventory of Complicated Grief), depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress, posttraumatic growth, somatization, sleep quality, and mental and physical health were assessed on the web via validated self-report measures. Results A total of 87 participants were ran…
matched on bereavement (text), complicated grief (text), prolonged grief (text)
The COVID-19 Disappeared: From Traumatic to Ambiguous Loss and the Role of the Internet for the Bereaved in Italy.
In Italy, in the very first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic there was a dramatic rise in mortality. However, families were forbidden because of lockdown regulations to be with their loved ones at their deathbeds or to hold funerals. This qualitative study examined bereavement experiences among family members, how they processed their grief, and how they used social networks in particular by uploading photographs during the working-through of bereavement. The sample was composed of 40 individuals aged 23-63 (80% women) from different Italian cities severely impacted by the virus, including a subgroup from the province of Bergamo, which was the city with the highest mortality rate during that time. All interviews were conducted by phone, Skype, or Zoom. Then, the transcriptions underwent a thematic analysis using Atlas.ti. The main themes that emerged were: abandonment anger and guilt, dehu…
matched on bereavement (text), mourning (text), prolonged grief (text)
"Prolonged grief disorder" and "persistent complex bereavement disorder", but not "complicated grief", are one and the same diagnostic entity: an analysis of data from the Yale Bereavement Study.
There exists a general consensus that prolonged grief disorder (PGD), or some variant of PGD, represents a distinct mental disorder worthy of diagnosis and treatment. Nevertheless, confusion remains over whether different names and proposed symptom criteria for this disorder identify the same or different diagnostic entities. This study aimed to determine whether PGD, complicated grief (CG), and persistent complex bereavement disorder (PCBD) as described by the DSM-5 are substantively or merely semantically different diagnostic entities. Data were derived from the Yale Bereavement Study, a longitudinal community-based study of bereaved individuals funded by the US National Institute of Mental Health, designed explicitly to evaluate diagnostic criteria for disordered grief. The results suggested that the difference between PGD and PCBD is only semantic. The level of agreement between the …
matched on bereavement (text), complicated grief (text), prolonged grief (text)
Grief and bereavement: what psychiatrists need to know
Unfortunately, grief is not a topic of in-depth discussion at most medical schools or general medical or psychiatry residency training programs. Thus, myth and innuendo substitute for evidence-based wisdom when it comes to understanding and dealing with this universal, sometimes debilitating human experience. When Engel 1 raised the question “Is grief a disease?” as the title of his now classic article on the subject, he argued convincingly that grief shares many characteristics of physical diseases, such as a known etiology (in this case, death of a loved one), distress, a relatively predictable symptomatology and course and functional impairment. And while healing usually occurs, it is not always complete. In some bereaved individuals with preexisting vulnerabilities, for example, the intense pain and distress festers, can go on interminably (as “complicated grief”), and the loss may p…
matched on bereavement (text), complicated grief (text), mourning (text)
Traumatic loss: Mental health consequences and implications for treatment and prevention.
Traumatic loss involves the loss of loved ones in the context of potentially traumatizing circumstances and is a commonly reported traumatic event. It may give rise to disturbed grief, called prolonged grief disorder (PGD) in ICD-11 and persistent complex bereavement disorder (PCBD) in DSM-5, combined with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. The recent inclusion of grief disorders in both DSM-5 and ICD-11 have spurred research on grief-related psychopathology. This special issue on traumatic loss includes 10 articles and two letters. Topics addressed include diagnostic criteria for PGD, children's perspectives on life after parental intimate partner homicide, and the impact of visiting the site of deaths caused by terror. Early indicators of problematic grief trajectories are addressed, as well as moderators and mediators of disordered grief, including coping strategies,…
matched on bereavement (text), prolonged grief (text)
Virtual mortality and near-death experience after a prolonged exposure in a shared virtual reality may lead to positive life-attitude changes.
Mortality is an obvious if uncomfortable part of the human condition, yet it is impossible to study its impact on anyone who experiences it. Reports of phenomena associated with death such as out-of-the-body (OBE) and near death experiences (NDE) can only be studied post-hoc, since it is impossible to design a scientific study where an experimental group experiences death (and returns) and a control group does not. Yet NDEs seem to have a profound influence on the subsequent lives of people and are therefore worthy of study. Terror Management Theory, which argues that death anxiety contributes to in-group solidarity and hostility to out-groups, relies on studies that manipulate opinions and cannot be based on experiential evidence. Here we introduce a potential methodology that uses immersive virtual reality (VR) for the study of mortality and NDEs. Participants are embodied in alternate…
matched on Attitude to Death (mesh), Death (mesh)
Visual cues of threat elicit greater steady-state electroencephalographic responses than visual reminders of death.
Terror management theory (TMT) suggests that reminders of death activate an exclusive anxiety mechanism different from the one activated by other types of symbolic threats. This notion is supported by evidence showing how experimental participants verbally reflecting on their own death are then influenced in their opinions and behaviours. A previous study showed that magnitude of electroencephalography (EEG) activity is greater when images depicting death-related content are coupled with painful thermal stimuli compared to threat-related content. Here we expand on previous research by testing whether similar effects may be brought about by passive observation of generic visual reminders of death. More precisely, we hypothesised that fast periodic presentation of death-related vs. more generic threat-related images determine a preferential modulation of brain activity measured by means of…
matched on Attitude to Death (mesh), Death (mesh)
Self-consciousness and death cognitions from a terror management perspective.
Two studies explored the connection between self-consciousness and death cognitions. In Study 1 (n = 56), a positive association was found between accessibility of death-related thoughts and the ruminative dimension of self-consciousness. In Study 2 (n = 212), a mortality salience induction led to higher validation of cultural worldviews (a more severe perception of social transgressions) than a control group, but only among individuals with lower self-consciousness, whereas participants characterized by higher self-consciousness did not make increased use of this cultural anxiety buffer. Rather, their naturally heightened death awareness led them to react to social transgressors in a neutral condition in the way usually found only after a mortality salience induction. Gender could not alternatively account for these findings. The results are explained in terms of terror management theor…
matched on Attitude to Death (mesh), Death (mesh)
Should we manage terror--if we could?
Terror Management Theory (TMT) has been revitalizing the traditional study of death anxiety since its introduction in the 1980s. Melding the perspectives of existential philosophy and social science, TMT has stimulated a varied and often creative program of empirical studies. There are methodological limitations to be noted, however, along with a cultural bias, and the neglect of other significant encounters with death in which terror is not the dominant concern. The should or should-not of terror management is viewed from functionalistic and death system as well as TMT perspectives. Suggestions are offered for adaptive responses to primal terror.
matched on Attitude to Death (mesh), Death (mesh)
Continuing bonds in bereaved Pakistani Muslims: effects of culture and religion.
This study explores the bereavement process and continuing bond in Pakistani Muslims with the focus on how culture and religion influence these processes. Ten participants were interviewed and their transcribed interviews were analyzed using a grounded theory approach. Three main domains were identified from the narratives expressed by the participants: death and the process of grieving, continuing the link with the deceased, and influencing agents. The findings indicated that Pakistani Muslims maintained their link with the deceased through cultural and religious rituals, such as performing prayers, reciting holy verses, talking and dreaming about the deceased, doing charity, visiting graves, and arranging communal gatherings. The prime purpose of many of these practices was the forgiveness of the deceased. Grief reactions seemed to be determined by the nature of death, prior relationsh…
matched on Attitude to Death (mesh), bereavement (text)
Life after loss: cognitive differences by gender and age following widowhood or divorce transitions.
Objectives: There is a rich literature documenting the often deleterious impact of widowhood and divorce on health. Widowed and divorced older adults report a higher incidence of chronic illness, more comorbidities, and are at greater risk of premature mortality. However, the association between the transition from married to widowed or divorced and subsequent cognitive function is not as well understood. This study examined within-person differences in cognition during the first 2 years after becoming widowed or divorced, and whether the patterns varied in middle age and older adulthood for men and women. Methods: Using longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study (1998-2018), multilevel models using person-mean centering were employed to estimate within-person associations between widowhood and divorce transitions and changes in cognitive function, respectively. Within-person…
matched on Bereavement (keyword), widowhood (text)
Severity and determinants of depression among parents following child loss in Bankura District West Bengal.
Background: The death of a child is one of the most distressing life events, often leading to profound psychological consequences for parents. Depression following child loss remains underexplored in rural Indian settings, where social and cultural contexts influence coping mechanisms and mental health outcomes. The present study aims to assess the severity and determinants of depression among parents who have lost a child in the Bankura district of West Bengal, India. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 500 parents who had experienced the loss of a child. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used to assess depression severity. Descriptive statistics summarized socio-demographic, child-loss, and psychosocial characteristics. Binary logistic regression identified independent predictors of moderate-to-severe depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10), with results …
matched on Bereavement (keyword), bereavement (text)
Measuring EQ-5D-5L utility values in parents who have experienced perinatal death.
Background: Policymakers use clinical and cost-effectiveness evidence to support decisions about health service commissioning. In England, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommend that in cost-effectiveness analyses "effectiveness" is measured as quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), derived from health utility values. The impact of perinatal death (stillbirth/neonatal death) on parents' health utility is currently unknown. This knowledge would improve the robustness of cost-effectiveness evidence for policymakers. Objective: This study aimed to estimate the impact of perinatal death on parents' health utility. Methods: An online survey conducted with mothers and fathers in England who experienced a perinatal death. Participants reported how long ago their baby died and whether they/their partner subsequently became pregnant again. They were asked to rate the…
matched on Perinatal Death (mesh), bereavement (text), Stillbirth (keyword)
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