Whether and how people reach care.
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751 to 775 of 2,047Barriers to treatment seeking for anxiety disorders: initial data on the role of mental health literacy.
Background: Anxiety disorders represent the single largest mental health problem in the United States [Greenberg et al., 1999. J Clin Psychiatry 60:427-435; Rice and Miller, 1998. Br J Psychiatry 173:4-9]. However most individuals with anxiety disorders never seek treatment [Henderson et al., 2002. Can J Psychiatry 47:819-824; Mojtabai et al., 2002. Arch Gen Psychiatry 59:77-84; Roness et al., 2005. Acta Psychiatr Scand 111:51-58]. Deficits in the ability to recognize anxiety disorders and beliefs about them, (i.e., "mental health literacy") may contribute to low levels of help seeking.
Methods: Survey data assessing mental health literacy for multiple anxiety disorders and for depression were collected from 284 undergraduate students enrolled in psychology courses at a public university in the United States. Specifically, respondents were presented with vignettes portraying individuals …
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Attitudes that determine willingness to seek psychiatric help for depression: a representative population survey applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour.
Background: Many people suffering from mental disorders do not seek appropriate help. We have examined attitudes that further or hinder help-seeking for depression with an established socio-psychological model, the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), comparing models for respondents with and without depressive symptoms.
Method: A qualitative preparatory study (n=29) elicited salient behavioural (BB), normative (NB) and control beliefs (CB) that were later included in the TPB questionnaire. Telephone interviews with a representative population sample in Germany (n=2303) started with a labelled vignette describing symptoms of a major depression, followed by items covering the components of the TPB. Intention to see a psychiatrist for the problem described was elicited at the beginning and at the end of the interview. We screened participants for current depressive symptoms using the mood su…
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Prevalence of urinary and faecal incontinence and nocturnal enuresis and attitudes to treatment and help-seeking amongst a community-based representative sample of adults in the United Kingdom.
Aim: To determine relative prevalence in the same population of urinary incontinence (UI), faecal incontinence (FI) and nocturnal enuresis (NE). To explore attitudes and behaviours relating to help-seeking and beliefs about incontinence prevalence, impact, causes and treatments.
Design: Online survey.
Subjects: A total of 1040 community-based adults in the UK, representative in terms of age, gender, region and socio-economic status.
Outcomes: Prevalence of UI, FI and NE; help-seeking behaviour and beliefs; beliefs about cause, impact and treatment of incontinence.
Results: Twenty-three per cent (n = 239) reported UI, 11% (n = 110) FI and 6% (n = 57) NE. Of those known to have sought help, 77% did so from a general practitioner (GP). Of those with no incontinence, 75% said they would seek help from a GP, while 23% said they did not know who they would seek help from. Many were unsure whet…
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Sexual difficulties and help-seeking among mature adults in Australia: results from the Global Study of Sexual Attitudes and Behaviours.
Background: The Global Study of Sexual Attitudes and Behaviours was a survey of 27 500 men and women in 29 countries. Here we report the sexual activity, the prevalence of sexual difficulties and related help-seeking behaviour among participants in Australia.
Methods: A telephone survey was conducted in Australia in 2001-2002, with interviews based on a standardised questionnaire. A total of 1500 individuals (750 men and 750 women) aged 40 to 80 years completed the survey. The questionnaire covered demographic information, overall health, and sexual behaviours, attitudes and beliefs.
Results: Overall, 83% of men and 74% of women had engaged in sexual intercourse during the 12 months preceding the interview, and 38% of all men and 29% of all women engaged in sexual intercourse more than once a week. Early ejaculation (23%), erectile difficulties (21%) and a lack of sexual interest (18%) w…
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The influence of stigma and attitudes on seeking help from a GP for mental health problems: a rural context.
Background: Lack of mental health specialists in rural and remote communities suggest that rural communities depend more on general practitioners (GPs) for mental health care. Residents of rural communities are less likely than urban residents to seek help from their GPs for mental health issues. The aim of the current study was to examine whether attitudinal factors including perceived stigma, influenced rural residents seeking help from GPs.
Method: Help-seeking for psychological issues was retrospectively reported by 300 community residents in rural north-west Victoria. Current distress levels, functional disability, and current or lifetime syndromal disorder were recorded. Attitudes towards seeking professional psychological help, perceptions of stigma about mental illness, and belief in helpfulness of GPs, were also measured.
Results: Having a positive attitude towards seeking profe…
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Barriers to domestic violence help seeking: implications for intervention.
Data were obtained from the Chicago Women's Health Risk Study, in which 491 abused women were interviewed in public health centers and a hospital. Responses of a subgroup of these women who did not seek help through the identified interventions are examined. Common themes emerge across the help-seeking interventions studied: individual thresholds for the seriousness of the violence, a perceived requirement to end the relationship, and certain specific barriers. The responses provide a glimpse into abused women's reasons for not seeking particular interventions. Implications for public health, mental health, domestic violence counseling agencies, and the police are discussed.
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Help-seeking behaviour in men and women with common mental health problems: cross-sectional study.
Background: Many people with mental health problems do not seek professional help but their use of other sources of help is unclear.
Aims: To investigate patterns of lay and professional help-seeking in men and women aged 16-64 years in relation to severity of symptoms and socio-demographic variables.
Method: Postal questionnaire survey, including the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), sent to a stratified random sample (n=15,222) of the population of Somerset.
Results: The response rate was 76%. Only 28% of people with extremely high GHQ-12 scores (> or = 8) had sought help from their general practitioner but most (78%) had sought some form of help. Males, young people and people living in affluent areas were the least likely to seek help.
Conclusions: Health promotion interventions to encourage appropriate help-seeking behaviour in young people, particularly in men, may lea…
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Difficulties in Accessing Mental Health Services: The Perspective of Users from Cultural Minorities.
Background: Mental health services face significant challenges in providing equitable care to ethnic minority and migrant populations. Despite the right to healthcare, disparities in service use among minority communities reflect not only practical barriers but also deeper issues of cultural compatibility between patients and health systems. Aim: This study aimed to provide a systematic overview of the main difficulties encountered by ethnic minority and migrant people when seeking psychological support from mental health services, with a specific focus on linguistic and communicative barriers and organisational and economic barriers. Methods: A scoping review was conducted using the SCOPUS database, searching for peer-reviewed studies focused on the European context. Studies were included if they addressed ethnic minorities' experiences with mental health services from a user perspectiv…
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Richly P (2025)reviewMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usAustralasian psychiatry : bulletin of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists Language barriers in mental healthcare: A critical analysis.
In multicultural healthcare settings, language barriers pose significant challenges, particularly in mental health where nuanced communication is vital. This manuscript examines the impact of limited English proficiency (LEP) on mental healthcare in New Zealand, where a substantial portion of the population and healthcare workforce are foreign-born. Despite official recommendations, professional interpreter use remains low, compromising care quality for LEP patients. The paper explores interpreters' roles beyond interpretation, including cultural mediation, while noting limitations in interpreter-mediated consultations. It also addresses communication difficulties arising from strong accents and dialects, even when a common language is shared. Multifaceted strategies to improve communication are proposed, including enhanced cultural competency training, patient-centered protocols, and la…
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The MENA-MHPI Model: A culturally adapted, multi-tiered framework for mental health promotion in the Middle East: Targeted narrative review with conceptual model proposal.
Mental health challenges in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) have intensified due to conflict, displacement, and systemic gaps in service delivery. Existing models remain underfunded, centralized, and often misaligned with cultural and religious contexts, limiting their scalability and sustainability. This targeted narrative review synthesizes current evidence on mental health promotion in fragile MENA settings and proposes the MENA-MHPI Model-a novel, three-tiered framework that integrates (1) culturally adapted mental health literacy, (2) technology-assisted primary care, and (3) community-based psychosocial support. The model emphasizes leveraging existing infrastructures, including schools, mosques, NGOs, and digital platforms, while embedding culturally sensitive approaches such as faith-based counseling and local dialect media campaigns. By combining digital innovation with …
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Israeli mental health in the aftermath of the October 7 terrorist attack: risks, challenges, and recommendations.
Background: The October 7, 2023 terrorist attack and subsequent war in Israel have created an unprecedented mental health crisis. This commentary examines emerging data on the psychological impact of these events and argues for a paradigm shift in the Israeli mental healthcare system.
Main body: Recent studies reveal a dramatic increase in PTSD, depression, and anxiety among the Israeli populace. These findings underscore the long-lasting and pervasive nature of psychological trauma. Certain populations are disproportionately affected: women, ethnic minorities (particularly Israeli Arabs, who comprise 18.1% of the population), and those experiencing traumatic loss, displacement, or economic hardship. These groups require prioritized and tailored interventions. While existing outcome research provides a solid foundation for treating common trauma-related disorders like PTSD, depression, a…
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Li J (2023)reviewMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usBMC public health36 citations Digital technologies for mental health improvements in the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review.
Digital technologies have been used to support mental health services for two decades, but the COVID-19 pandemic created a particular opportunity for greater utilization and more data-driven assessment of these digital technologies. This research aims to offer a scoping review of the characteristics and effectiveness of digital interventions that were employed to improve mental health in the real context of COVID-19 pandemic. A combination of search terms was applied for automatic search of publications in the relevant databases. The key features of included studies were extracted, including the intervention, participant, and study details. A total of 20 eligible studies were included in the final review, which were conducted across different geographic regions and among diverse cultural groups. Among them, fourteen studies mainly reported the impact of digital technologies on general po…
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Moral injury and associated context, contributors and consequences within mental healthcare professionals: a scoping review.
Objectives: We sought to examine the contributory factors as well as consequences of moral injury amongst healthcare workers within mental healthcare settings.
Methods: Several databases were searched for relevant studies from database inception until May 2023. Keywords and concepts included moral injury and distress in mental healthcare and psychiatry. We identified 961 studies, of which 48 were assessed for eligibility. Eventually, 35 studies were included in the review. Papers were selected for inclusion if 1) they included mental healthcare professionals (MHP) regardless of practice setting, 2) moral injury as experienced by MHP was one of their main variables of interest, 3) were written in English. Year of publication, location of study, participant characteristics, study design, settings in which injury occur (context), factors contributing to moral injury (contributors), and its …
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Casant J, Helbich M (2022)reviewMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usInternational journal of environmental research and public health61 citations Inequalities of Suicide Mortality across Urban and Rural Areas: A Literature Review.
Suicide mortality is a major contributor to premature death, with geographic variation in suicide rates. Why suicide rates differ across urban and rural areas has not yet been fully established. We conducted a literature review describing the urban-rural disparities in suicide mortality. Articles were searched in five databases (EMBASE, PubMed, PsychINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science) from inception till 26 May 2021. Eligible studies were narratively analyzed in terms of the urban-rural disparities in suicides, different suicide methods, and suicide trends over time. In total, 24 articles were included in our review. Most studies were ecological and cross-sectional evidence tentatively suggests higher suicide rates in rural than in urban areas. Men were more at risk by rurality than women, but suicide is in general more prevalent among men. No obvious urban-rural pattern emerged regarding …
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Scoping review of stepped care interventions for mental health and substance use service delivery to youth and young adults.
Aims: Many young people with mental health and/or substance use concerns do not have access to timely, appropriate, and effective services. Within this context, stepped care models (SCMs) have emerged as a guiding framework for care delivery, inspiring service innovations across the globe. However, substantial gaps remain in the evidence for SCMs as a strategy to address the current systemic challenges in delivering services for young people. This scoping review aims to identify where these gaps in evidence exist, and the next steps for addressing them.
Methods: A scoping review was conducted involving both peer-reviewed and grey literature. Eligible studies explored SCMs implemented in the various health care settings accessed by young people aged 12-24 seeking treatment for mental health and substance use challenges. After screening titles and abstracts, two reviewers examined full-tex…
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Can mental healthcare for Muslim patients be person-centred without consideration of religious identity? A concurrent analysis.
Background: Muslims constitute the largest, fastest growing religious minority in the UK. Globally, nurses are legally, morally and ethically obliged to provide non-discriminatory, person-centred, culturally sensitive care. This obligation includes supporting people with their religious needs where appropriate, but there is evidence this is not always happening, particularly for Muslims in mental health care.
Aims: This paper reviewed primary research to address the question: Can mental healthcare for Muslims be person-centred without consideration of religious identity?
Methods: Narrative synthesis and concurrent analysis. Searches were conducted post 2000 in MEDLINE, CINAHL, SAGE, PsychINFO and ASA with terms: 'Muslim', 'Islam* ', 'mental health', 'nurs* ', 'person-cent* ', 'religio* '. Narrative data were analysed for commonalities and themes.
Findings: Seven studies of sufficient qua…
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Women's Mental Health Services and Pregnancy: A Review.
Importance: The importance of women's mental health services is becoming more evident as we learn more about the impact of mental health on maternal and perinatal outcomes.
Objective: The purpose of this review is to identify the importance of mental health issues arising during pregnancy including prevention, timely diagnosis and treatment, and referral to specialized services.
Evidence acquisition: A literature search was undertaken using the search engines PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. The search terms were as follows: "mental health services" or "behavioral health" or "mental health counseling" or "psychological" and "delivery of health care" and "pregnancy" or "pregnant." The years searched were January 2000 to November 2020. The search was limited to English language.
Results: Of the 255 abstracts identified and reviewed, 35 full-text articles were the basis of this review. Literat…
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The state of mental health care in China.
Over the past few years there have been considerable changes in China's mental health service system. This review provides an overview of the development of mental health services in China, including epidemiological data on psychiatric disorders, utilisation of mental health services, models of mental health service delivery, mental health resources and workforce, mental health policy framework and financial issues. We consider cultural and social factors including the involvement of family members in patient care, urbanisation and internal migration as well as the application of traditional Chinese medicine, which provides implications for mental health research and practice. Additionally, we also discuss major challenges and conclude by providing some specific recommendations on improving mental health services in China.
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Research-supported mobile applications and internet-based technologies to mediate the psychological effects of infertility: a review.
Infertility is a chronic condition commonly accompanied by psychological and emotional distress. A significant contributor to the discontinuation of infertility treatment is the psychological burden of treatment. Many individuals experiencing infertility report high levels of depression and anxiety. Unfortunately, barriers to traditional individual and couples counselling include stigmatization, finances, trepidation, challenges of travel and uncertainty. New technology, such as mobile applications and internet-based programmes, may be a feasible option for reducing the emotional distress of infertility diagnoses and treatments. This review focuses on current and developing technologies designed to decrease emotional distress in individuals with infertility.
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Mental Health Outcomes of Unaccompanied Refugee Minors: a Rapid Review of Recent Research.
Purpose: To examine mental health outcomes of unaccompanied refugee minors during global policy shift. Additionally, to consider mental health service delivery and placement type for this group.
Methods: A rapid systematic search of research published since 2018 which related to mental health outcomes of unaccompanied refugee minors. Data extracted, risk of bias assessed and outcomes reviewed qualitatively.
Research findings: We found 181 papers, of which 14 met inclusion criteria. This review found consistently high levels of PTSD and PTSS among URMs in various contexts. Exposure to trauma, being unaccompanied (compared to accompanied), being female and being older are associated with poor outcomes. Depression and anxiety were consistently high among URMs and associated with discrimination, limited language attainment and daily hassles. High rates of mental illness and symptoms among un…
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[Seven Strategies for Collaborating with Public Service Interpreters].
Introduction Public Service Interpreting (PSI) is gradually becoming part of Quebec society. The institutional and organizational mechanisms designed to provide a framework for this interpretative practice are not yet generalized to all public services in the province, and where they are, many challenges remain. Objective The objective of the study was to provide stakeholders working in the mental health sector with practical strategies to foster collaboration with public service interpreters. Methodology A critical reading of the literature (narrative review) was carried out with the objective of offering a new perspective on the already existing object of study. Because it offers a critical synthesis of key information in the field, this method is particularly well suited to the needs of the reader who is not up to date with advances in the field. Results This critical reading first ma…
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Impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on mental health of children and adolescents: A narrative review with recommendations.
Background: COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown has brought about a sense of fear and anxiety around the globe. This phenomenon has led to short term as well as long term psychosocial and mental health implications for children and adolescents. The quality and magnitude of impact on minors is determined by many vulnerability factors like developmental age, educational status, pre-existing mental health condition, being economically underprivileged or being quarantined due to infection or fear of infection.
Aims: This paper is aimed at narratively reviewing various articles related to mental-health aspects of children and adolescents impacted by COVID-19 pandemic and enforcement of nationwide or regional lockdowns to prevent further spread of infection.
Methodology: We conducted a review and collected articles and advisories on mental health aspects of children and adolescents during the COVID…
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A Review of Mental Health and Mental Health Care Disparities Research: 2011-2014.
Racial/ethnic minorities in the United States are more likely than Whites to have severe and persistent mental disorders and less likely to access mental health care. This comprehensive review evaluates studies of mental health and mental health care disparities funded by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) to provide a benchmark for the 2015 NIMH revised strategic plan. A total of 615 articles were categorized into five pathways underlying mental health care and three pathways underlying mental health disparities. Identified studies demonstrate that socioeconomic mechanisms and demographic moderators of disparities in mental health status and treatment are well described, as are treatment options that support diverse patient needs. In contrast, there is a need for studies that focus on community- and policy-level predictors of mental health care disparities, link discriminati…
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Karasz A, Gany F, Escobar J, Flores C, Prasad L, Inman A, Kalasapudi V, Kosi R, Murthy M, Leng J, Diwan S (2019)reviewMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJournal of immigrant and minority health72 citations Mental Health and Stress Among South Asians.
Addressing mental illness requires a culturally sensitive approach. As detailed in this literature review, treating mental illness in the South Asian immigrant community necessitates a thorough understanding of the South Asian conceptualization of mental illness. Past research, though limited, has described the different reasons the South Asian community attributes to causing mental illness, as well as the stigma associated with acknowledging the disease. Acculturation of the community also plays a significant role in cultural acceptability and the receipt of quality care. Lessons from local organizations can be applied at the national level to promote cultural responsiveness in treating mental illness in the South Asian immigrant community.
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A narrative review of positive psychology interventions for women during the perinatal period.
Recent studies suggest that positive perinatal maternal mood can buffer the effects of negative feelings and promote women and infant well-being. Evidence from Positive Psychology has shown that Positive Psychology Interventions (PPIs) can enhance well-being and/or reduce negative symptoms. The objective of this comprehensive narrative review was to identify and critically review the current evidence about the use of PPIs designed to improve women's mental well-being during the perinatal period. A systematic search of four online databases was conducted. Two intervention programmes have been identified. Both interventions were online-based and gratitude was the common PPI. The common target was women's mental health well-being during the perinatal period. This review has synthesised the first studies in the wake of a new model of PPIs aimed to foster women's well-being during the perinat…
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