Satisfaction, stability and wellbeing inside marriage.
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Qurʾān
القرآن6 shownVerses named for this subject by hand come first. The rest are found by the subject’s own Arabic and English senses and are shown as lexical matches, not as anchors anyone has confirmed.
Qur'ān 4:19named: named for theme_bridge theme best-to-family
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا يَحِلُّ لَكُمۡ أَن تَرِثُواْ ٱلنِّسَآءَ كَرۡهࣰ اۖ وَلَا تَعۡضُلُوهُنَّ لِتَذۡهَبُواْ بِبَعۡضِ مَآ ءَاتَيۡتُمُوهُنَّ إِلَّآ أَن يَأۡتِينَ بِفَٰحِشَةࣲ مُّبَيِّنَةࣲۚ وَعَاشِرُوهُنَّ بِٱلۡمَعۡرُوفِۚ فَإِن كَرِهۡتُمُوهُنَّ فَعَسَىٰٓ أَن تَكۡرَهُواْ شَيۡـࣰٔ ا وَيَجۡعَلَ ٱللَّهُ فِيهِ خَيۡرࣰ ا كَثِيرࣰ ا
You who believe, it is not lawful for you to inherit women against their will, nor should you treat your wives harshly, hoping to take back some of the bride-gift you gave them, unless they are guilty of something clearly outrageous. Live with them in accordance with what is fair and kind: if you dislike them, it may well be that you dislike something in which God has put much good
Qur'ān 30:21English sense: spouses, tranquillity | Arabic sense: سكن, موده
وَمِنۡ ءَايَٰتِهِۦٓ أَنۡ خَلَقَ لَكُم مِّنۡ أَنفُسِكُمۡ أَزۡوَٰجࣰ ا لِّتَسۡكُنُوٓاْ إِلَيۡهَا وَجَعَلَ بَيۡنَكُم مَّوَدَّةࣰ وَرَحۡمَةًۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَٰتࣲ لِّقَوۡمࣲ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ
Another of His signs is that He created spouses from among yourselves for you to live with in tranquillity: He ordained love and kindness between you. There truly are signs in this for those who reflect
Qur'ān 4:73English sense: affection | Arabic sense: موده
وَلَئِنۡ أَصَٰبَكُمۡ فَضۡلࣱ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ لَيَقُولَنَّ كَأَن لَّمۡ تَكُنۢ بَيۡنَكُمۡ وَبَيۡنَهُۥ مَوَدَّةࣱ يَٰلَيۡتَنِي كُنتُ مَعَهُمۡ فَأَفُوزَ فَوۡزًا عَظِيمࣰ ا
yet he is sure to say, if you are favoured by God, ‘If only I had been with them, I could have made great gains,’ as if there had been no ties of affection between you and him
Qur'ān 42:23English sense: affection | Arabic sense: موده
ذَٰلِكَ ٱلَّذِي يُبَشِّرُ ٱللَّهُ عِبَادَهُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِۗ قُل لَّآ أَسۡـَٔلُكُمۡ عَلَيۡهِ أَجۡرًا إِلَّا ٱلۡمَوَدَّةَ فِي ٱلۡقُرۡبَىٰۗ وَمَن يَقۡتَرِفۡ حَسَنَةࣰ نَّزِدۡ لَهُۥ فِيهَا حُسۡنًاۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورࣱ شَكُورٌ
it is of this that God gives good news to His servants who believe and do good deeds. Say [Prophet], ‘I ask no reward from you for this, only the affection due to kin.’ If anyone does good, We shall increase it for him; God is most forgiving and most appreciative
Qur'ān 5:82English sense: affection | Arabic sense: موده
۞لَتَجِدَنَّ أَشَدَّ ٱلنَّاسِ عَدَٰوَةࣰ لِّلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱلۡيَهُودَ وَٱلَّذِينَ أَشۡرَكُواْۖ وَلَتَجِدَنَّ أَقۡرَبَهُم مَّوَدَّةࣰ لِّلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّا نَصَٰرَىٰۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّ مِنۡهُمۡ قِسِّيسِينَ وَرُهۡبَانࣰ ا وَأَنَّهُمۡ لَا يَسۡتَكۡبِرُونَ
You [Prophet] are sure to find that the most hostile to the believers are the Jews and those who associate other deities with God; you are sure to find that the closest in affection towards the believers are those who say, ‘We are Christians,’ for there are among them people devoted to learning and ascetics. These people are not given to arrogance
Qur'ān 60:7Arabic sense: موده | English sense: affection
۞عَسَى ٱللَّهُ أَن يَجۡعَلَ بَيۡنَكُمۡ وَبَيۡنَ ٱلَّذِينَ عَادَيۡتُم مِّنۡهُم مَّوَدَّةࣰۚ وَٱللَّهُ قَدِيرࣱۚ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورࣱ رَّحِيمࣱ
God may still bring about affection between you and your present enemies- God is all powerful, God is most forgiving and merciful
Tafsīr
التفسير6 shownCommentary on the verses above, at most two editions per verse.
en-asbab-al-nuzul-by-al-wahidi on 4:19en-asbab-al-nuzul-by-al-wahidicommentary on an ayah this subject surfaced
O you who have faith, it is not lawful for you to inherit women against their will, neither debar them from marriage that you may go off with part of what you have given them, unless they commit a flagrant indecency. Consort with them honorably. For, if you are averse to them, it may be that you are averse to something within which God has placed much good. This is a call, an admonishment, an allusion, a bearing witness, and a ruling. O is the call, you is the admonishment, who is the allusion, have faith is the bearing witness. It is not lawful for you to inherit women against their will is the ruling. The explanation of the ruling is that women are considered weak, and they are imprisoned beneath your severity. Beware of tormenting them, and do not rule over them by way of scheming and deceit. Do not be severe, and do not ask of them what the Shariah does not approve. On the contrary,
en-al-jalalayn on 4:19en-al-jalalayncommentary on an ayah this subject surfaced
O you who believe it is not lawful for you to inherit women against their will read either karhan or kurhan as alternative forms that is to say coercing them into this. In pre-Islamic times they used to inherit women from their kin and if they so wished they could marry a woman without a dowry or marry her off and take the dowry for themselves or prevent her from marriage until she gave up what she had inherited or until she died and they could inherit from her. They were thus forbidden such practices; neither debar them your former wives from marrying others by retaining them while you have no desire for them yourselves only to harm them; so that you may go off with part of what you have given them of the dowry except when they commit flagrant read mubayyina ‘making it clear’ or mubayyana ‘clear’ lewdness such as adultery or rebellion then you have the right to coerce them until they re
en-al-jalalayn on 30:21en-al-jalalayncommentary on an ayah this subject surfaced
And of His signs is that He created for you from yourselves mates — Eve was created from Adam’s rib and the remainder of mankind from the reproductive fluids of men and women — that you might find peace by their side and become intimate with them and He ordained between you all affection and mercy. Surely in that mentioned there are signs for a people who reflect upon God’s handiwork exalted be He.
en-tafisr-ibn-kathir on 30:21en-tafisr-ibn-kathircommentary on an ayah this subject surfaced
And among His signs is this that He created you from dust, and then – behold you are human beings scattered (20)And among His signs is this that He created for you wives from among yourselves, that you may find repose in them, and He has put between you affection and mercy. Verily, in that are indeed signs for a people who reflect (21)
Among the Signs of Allah
Allah says:
وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ
(And among His signs) – which speak of His might and power, is the fact that He created your father Adam out of dust.
ثُمَّ إِذَا أَنْتُمْ بَشَرٌ تَنْتَشِرُونَ
(and then – behold you are human beings scattered!) So man's origins lie in dust, then in a despised liquid, then he is formed and becomes a clot, then a lump of flesh, then bones in the form of a human being. Then Allah clothes the bones with flesh. Then the soul is breathed into him and he can hear and see. Then he comes forth from his mot
en-asbab-al-nuzul-by-al-wahidi on 42:23en-asbab-al-nuzul-by-al-wahidicommentary on an ayah this subject surfaced
(Say (O Muhammad, unto mankind): I ask of you no fee therefor, save loving kindness among kinsfolk�) [42:23]. Said Ibn �Abbas: �When the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, migrated to Medina, he went through periods of time when he faced needs and rights which he had to address but did not have the means to do so. The Helpers said: �Allah, exalted is He, has guided you through this man who is the son of your sister. He faces life�s vicissitudes and has rights but does not have the means to fulfil them. Collect for him from your wealth that which will not hurt you and give it to him so that he uses it to help himself with the ups and downs of life�. They collected some wealth and took it to him. They said: �O Messenger of Allah, you are the son of our sister, and Allah, exalted is He, has guided us through you. Sometimes you go through ups and downs in life and you al
en-asbab-al-nuzul-by-al-wahidi on 5:82en-asbab-al-nuzul-by-al-wahidicommentary on an ayah this subject surfaced
(Thou wilt find the most vehement of mankind in hostility to those who believe (to be) the Jews) up to His words (But those who disbelieve and deny Our revelations, they are owners of hell-fire) [5:82-86]. These verses were revealed about the Negus and his followers. Said Ibn �Abbas: �When he was in Mecca, the Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, used to fear the idolaters� persecution of his Companions. He therefore sent Ja�far ibn Abi Talib and �Abd Allah ibn Mas�ud, at the head of a group of his Companions, to the Negus. He said: �The Negus is a righteous man; he is not an oppressor and none is oppressed in his dominion. So head toward him and remain there until Allah creates relief for the Muslims�. When they went to him, the Negus honoured them and then asked them: �Do you memorise anything of that which was revealed to you?� They answered in the affirmative and t
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676 to 700 of 859Resilience in infertile couples acts as a protective factor against infertility-specific distress and impaired quality of life.
Objective: Our hypothesis was that resilience (=psychosocial stress-resistance) reduces infertility-specific distress and maintains quality of life of infertile couples.
Methods: Questionnaire data of WHO Quality of Life assessment (WHOQOL; domains: 'physical', 'psychological', 'social relationships' and 'environment'), Fertility Problem Inventory (FPI; scales: 'social concern', 'sexual concern', 'relationship concern', 'rejection of childfree lifestyle' and 'need for parenthood'), Resilience Scale (RS), as well as sociographic and medical data were available for 199 infertile couples.
Results: Age, medical diagnosis and 'intensity of desire for a child' had no influence on quality of life. High scores on 'suffering from childlessness' went along with less satisfaction on 'physical' and 'psychological' domains for the women only. For both partners, high scores on 'suffering from childles…
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Read S, Grundy E (2011)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usSocial psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology24 citations Mental health among older married couples: the role of gender and family life.
Purpose: As shared family context may be an important influence on mental health, and gender differences in mental health, in later life we investigated how gender, family-related variables and gender roles were associated with mental health in older married couples.
Methods: Using data on a sample of 2,511 married couples born between 1923 and 1953 (drawn from the British Household Panel Survey) we analysed differences in the mental health of husbands and wives by fertility history, length of marriage, presence of co-resident children, reported social support, hours of household work, attitudes to gender roles and health of husband and wife. Mental health in 2001 was measured using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Multilevel modelling was used to assess effects in husbands and wives and variations between husbands and wives.
Results: Results showed that although the mental hea…
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Prolonged Grief Disorder, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder are distinguishable syndromes.
Background: This study examined the distinctiveness of symptoms of Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD), depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We compared the fit of a one-factor model with the fit of four hierarchical models in which symptoms formed three distinct correlated higher-order dimensions, and PTSD-items were modeled in different ways.
Methods: Self-reported data were available from two samples; 572 mourners recruited via the internet and 408 mourners recruited via healthcare workers.
Results: In Sample 1, the unitary model did not fit the data. The four hierarchical models all fit better. The model in which PTSD-items constituted four lower-order factors of reexperiencing, avoidance, dysphoria, and hyperarousal fit the data best. The fit was further improved, when one weak PGD-item and one weak PTSD-item were removed, and error-terms of similar items were allowed to…
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The role of collective efficacy in exercise adherence: a qualitative study of spousal support and type 2 diabetes management.
Adhering to increased exercise is often reported as one of the greatest challenges facing adults living with diabetes, a perception shared by the married middle-aged and older adults living with diabetes who participated in this study. Understanding how that challenge can best be met is both research and program relevant. Drawing on the social cognitive theory and social support literature, this qualitative study explored the powerful couple relationship in Type 2 diabetes management. The overarching goal of this paper was to illuminate the potentially key role of collective efficacy in exercise adherence in order to develop and test interventions that provide more effective supports for adults living with diabetes. Analyses revealed three core themes used by the couples to describe their perceived beliefs: 'Collective support', 'Collective motivation' and 'Collective responsibility'. Ou…
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Intergenerational transmission of relationship aggression: a prospective longitudinal study.
The present study examined whether physical and verbal aggression in the family of origin were associated with similar patterns of aggression in young adult couples. Hypotheses were tested using a sample of 213 focal individuals who were followed from adolescence to adulthood. Results suggested that aggression in the family when focal participants were adolescents predicted aggression with romantic partners when participants were adults. The association between interparental aggression and later aggression in adult romantic unions was partially mediated through parents' aggression to focal participants when they were adolescents. Both physical and verbal aggression revealed the same pattern of findings. All together, these findings are consistent with a developmental-interactional perspective (Capaldi & Gorman-Smith, 2003) concerning the developmental origins of aggression in intimate re…
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Psychological distress among male patients and male spouses: what do oncologists need to know?
Background: The aim of the current study was to strengthen the knowledge of oncologists concerning psychological distress and social support among married and unmarried male cancer patients and healthy male spouses of female cancer patients.
Patients and methods: Three groups of men were recruited from three major cancer centers in Israel: 185 married colon and rectal cancer patients, 54 single (unmarried) colon and rectal cancer patients, and 153 male spouses of female cancer patients. Participants were evaluated on four standardized instruments measuring psychological distress, coping, and social support.
Results: About 42.6% of the participants reported on a clinical level of psychological distress, with the highest rates (61.1%) among the single (unmarried) patients. Distress was negatively correlated to Karnofsky score and coping variables among all study groups. Distress was signif…
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Exploring the basis for gender differences in the demand-withdraw pattern.
During marital conflict, wives tend to demand and husbands tend to withdraw. These behaviors were historically thought to stem from essential differences between men and women. An alternative explanation implicates one form of power differences-wives desire more change and, therefore, demand; husbands desire less change and withdraw to maintain status quo. Studying same-sex as well as cross-sex couples enables an evaluation of both explanations. We examined demand-withdraw behaviors in 63 heterosexual, gay, and lesbian couples. The demand-withdraw pattern was seen regardless of type of couple. Further, for all couples, differences in the amount of change desired in partners during a conflict interaction predicted differences in demand and withdraw behaviors. These results offer further evidence that an often-observed difference in heterosexual relationships may result from social convent…
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Developing a spouse version of the Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R) for husbands of women with rheumatoid arthritis.
A husband's beliefs about his wife's rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may be important to his provision of support and well-being. We adapted seven subscales of the Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised to assess husbands' beliefs about their wives' RA. We recruited 190 couples (average years married = 22; average years with RA = 14) from community settings to complete surveys assessing illness perceptions, psychosocial and illness variables at baseline and four-month follow-up. We conducted exploratory factor analyses, calculated Cronbach's alphas for each factor, and examined construct validity. This process yielded six parallel wife and husband subscales assessing beliefs about the (a) timeline, (b) consequences and (c) cyclical nature of RA, and women's RA (d) emotional responses, (e) control and (f) illness coherence. All items loaded above 0.50 on their respective factors and Cronbach'…
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Spouses' use of pressure and persuasion to promote osteoarthritis patients' medical adherence after orthopedic surgery.
Objective: The authors investigated health-related effects of social control (influence) that spouses exert in relation to osteoarthritis patients' medical adherence after total knee replacement surgery. Patients' behavioral and emotional responses to control were examined as mediators of associations between spouses' use of two control strategies (pressure, persuasion) and patients' physical and psychological recovery.
Design: The authors used a three-wave panel design with assessments at one month before surgery, 1 month and 3 months after surgery. Data were collected during in-person interviews with 70 married, older adult patients.
Main outcome measures: Recovery outcomes were assessed as improvement in knee limitations and depressive symptoms at the 3 month follow-up.
Results: Spousal pressure and persuasion at one month postsurgery were indirectly associated with patients' recovery…
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Caregiver depression is associated with a low sense of coherence and health-related quality of life.
Objectives: The main objective is to examine the sense of coherence (SOC) of spouse caregivers. The aim was further investigate the association of SOC, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), depressive symptoms, distress and how severity of Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects SOC.
Method: 17O patient-spouse caregiver dyads in which the patient has recently diagnosed mild AD. Caregivers completed SOC scale (SOC-29), HRQoL (15D), Beck depression and general health questionnaire scale. The assessment of AD-related symptoms was made using mini mental state examination, clinical dementia rating, neuropsychiatric inventory and functional performance using activities of daily living (ADCS-ADL) scale.
Results: Male caregivers' SOC was significantly higher than female caregivers. The main predictor for low SOC was depression, with 37% of spousal caregivers reporting depressive symptoms. Women repor…
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'Getting through' not 'going under': a qualitative study of gender and spousal support after diagnosis with colorectal cancer.
Many studies have found that people with cancer value family support. Feminist work suggests that women carry most responsibility for practical and emotional support in families, but few qualitative cancer studies explicitly incorporate a gender perspective. We undertook secondary analysis of in-depth interviews with 33 married or cohabiting respondents with colorectal cancer in the UK to compare men and women's accounts of 'spousal' support. Both men and women described the vital role that their partners played in providing emotional and practical support. Mutual support and reciprocity were also key features of narratives; both men and women reported controlling their emotions to protect spouses and preserve 'normal' household routines. Traditional gender roles had some influence; some women organised 'cover' for domestic work and childcare when they were ill, while some men focused on…
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Time costs associated with informal caregiving for cancer survivors.
Background: To the authors' knowledge, little work has been done to estimate the time costs associated with informal caregiving for cancer survivors.
Methods: Data from a national survey of caregivers of cancer patients in 2003 to 2006 were used to estimate the time associated with informal caregiving in the 2 years after patient diagnosis with bladder, breast, colorectal, kidney, lung, melanoma of the skin, ovarian, prostate, or uterine cancer, or non-Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL). Caregivers reported the duration and daily intensity of caregiving as well as the types and frequency of support provided. The median wage rate in 2006 ($16.28) was used to value caregiver time, and other methods to value time were evaluated with sensitivity analyses.
Results: On average, caregivers provided care for 8.3 hours per day for 13.7 months. The number of months and daily hours spent caregiving were the h…
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Life satisfaction, distress, and resiliency across the life span of women.
Objective: This study aimed to determine (1) the relationship between life satisfaction, mental disorders, and aging in the female community and (2) to identify the impact of vulnerability factors, personal (resilience, self-esteem), and social resources on life satisfaction and distress.
Methods: A stratified random sample of the German female population (N = 2,540) was investigated using standardized questionnaires of life satisfaction (Questions on Life Satisfaction), depression, anxiety (Patient Health Questionnaire), resilience scale (RS-11), and self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale).
Results: When participants were divided into six age groups (18-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, 61-70, and >70 y), we found lower life satisfaction, satisfaction with partnership, and sexuality beyond the age of 50 years. Satisfaction with health was decreased already at early adulthood. Although the impo…
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Effect of couple illness perception congruence on psychological adjustment in women with rheumatoid arthritis.
Objective: To characterize similarities and differences in illness perceptions between women with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and their husbands, and examine whether illness perception congruence predicted wives' subsequent psychological adjustment.
Design: Women with RA and their husbands (N=190 couples) recruited from community and clinical settings completed mailed surveys at baseline and 4-month follow-up.
Main outcome measures: Data for this investigation included illness perceptions in partners and illness severity, marital variables, and psychological adjustment in wives.
Results: In general, wives and husbands had similar views of RA. Couple congruence concerning women's personal control over RA and its cyclic nature predicted better psychological adjustment in women 4 months later. Post hoc tests showed better psychological adjustment in wives from couples with similar optimistic …
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Sharing beliefs: what sexuality means to Muslim Iranian women living in Australia.
In Iran, women's sexual self-understandings are strongly determined by religious teaching. This study explores the meanings generated through the lived experience of sexuality of women residing in Australia that may challenge certain received Islamic notions of sexuality. Interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with 51 Iranian women in Sydney alongside 10 semi-structured interviews with Shi'ite clergy in Iran. Findings suggest that the concept of sexual obedience within marriage is regarded as symbolic of an idealised Muslim femininity. Sexual obedience demonstrates women's high level of religious commitment but is also an indicator of modesty and self-respect. While some participants felt that it was a woman's duty to satisfy her husband on any sexual occasion, they did not utilize notions of subordination in their sexual lives. For other informants, however, concepts of s…
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Rhee YS, Yun YH, Park S, Shin DO, Lee KM, Yoo HJ, Kim JH, Kim SO, Lee R, Lee YO, Kim NS (2008)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJournal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology162 citations Depression in family caregivers of cancer patients: the feeling of burden as a predictor of depression.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the prevalence of and to identify the predictors of depression in family caregivers of cancer patients.
Patients and methods: We enrolled 310 caregivers of cancer patients from the National Cancer Center, Korea, on this study and obtained demographic information for both patients and caregivers. To assess caregiver depression and its predictors, we used the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Caregiver Quality of Life Index-Cancer, and the Family Impact Questionnaire. We used logistic regression analysis to identify independent predictors of caregiver depression.
Results: The majority (67%) of caregivers had high depression scores (BDI > 13), and 35% had very high depression scores (BDI > 21). In a multiple logistic regression model, caregivers who were women, the spouse of the patient, in poor health, feeling burdened, adapting poorly, …
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Problem gambling and intimate partner violence.
This study examined the prevalence and severity of intimate partner violence (IPV) among 248 problem gamblers (43 women, 205 men) recruited from newspaper advertisements. The main outcome measures used were the Canadian Problem Gambling Index, the Conflicts Tactics Scale-2, the State Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2, the drug and alcohol section of the Addiction Severity Index and the substance use section of the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV. In this sample, 62.9% of participants reported perpetrating and/or being the victims of IPV in the past year, with 25.4% reporting perpetrating severe IPV. The majority of the sample (64.5%) also had clinically significant anger problems, which was associated with an increased risk of being both the perpetrator and victim of IPV. The presence of a lifetime substance use disorder among participants who had clinically significant ang…
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Barranti CC, Yuen FK (2008)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJournal of social work in disability & rehabilitation16 citations Intimate partner violence and women with disabilities: toward bringing visibility to an unrecognized population.
Although women with disabilities experience abuse at alarming rates, research exploring the unique experiences and the dimensions of intimate partner violence (IPV) in the lives of women with disabilities is in its infancy. This article attempts to highlight multidimensional factors for consideration in addressing the needs of women with disabilities who are victims of abuse and violence. Risk factors related to the vulnerability that disabilities pose for IPV victimization are explored in relation to consequent limitations of the traditional models of domestic violence. Feminist disability theory as a viable theory for framing meaningful research and informing effective and accessible prevention and intervention for women with disabilities who are victims of IPV is introduced.
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Caregiver burden in multiple sclerosis: the impact of neuropsychiatric symptoms.
Background: We studied the level of distress in caregivers of patients with recently diagnosed multiple sclerosis (MS), and their relation to clinical characteristics.
Methods: Caregivers of patients with MS and Parkinson's disease completed measures of distress and quality of life. MS patients underwent neurological, neuropsychiatric and neuropsychological examinations. Multivariate regression analyses were used to explore the relationship between patient variables and caregiver distress.
Results: Caregivers of patients with MS experienced high levels of distress and reduced quality of life related to caregiving. The level of distress was similar to that reported by elderly spouses of patients with longstanding Parkinson's disease. Psychiatric symptoms and cognitive impairment in patients with MS were associated with caregiver's distress and quality of life, even after controlling for l…
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Acculturation stress, drinking, and intimate partner violence among Hispanic couples in the U.S.
This article examines the cross-sectional association between acculturation, acculturation stress, drinking, and intimate partner violence (IPV) among Hispanic couples in the U.S. The data being analyzed come from a multicluster random household sample of couples interviewed as part of the second wave of a 5-year national longitudinal study. The overall survey response rate for the second wave is 72%. Participants are Hispanic couples 18 years of age or older (N = 387). Results show that, among men, lower acculturation is positively associated with higher acculturation stress, which is directly related to a greater likelihood of involvement in IPV. These associations are also present among women. However, data for women show an additional path linking higher levels of acculturation directly to IPV. Drinking is not associated with IPV, independent of gender. Acculturation, directly or thr…
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The impact of attachment on dementia-related problem behavior and spousal caregivers' well-being.
This study investigated the impact of attachment style on the course of dementia-related problem behavior and caregivers' well-being over 2 years. A total of 116 married couples with one spouse suffering from dementia participated. Care recipients' and caregivers' attachment styles were assessed at the beginning of the study. Caregivers' well-being and care recipients' dementia-related problem behavior were assessed three times (n = 68). Husbands' and wives' attachment styles were significantly associated. Caregivers' avoidance and care recipients' insecure attachment style were associated with increased levels of dementia-related problem behavior. Caregivers' avoidance and anxiety were also associated with lower levels of caregivers' well-being. The latent growth curve analysis indicated that problem behavior and attachment style are associated, and that both have direct effects on care…
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Childbirth-related post-traumatic stress disorder in couples: a qualitative study.
Objectives: Previous research has established that women can develop childbirth-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but the effect of this on a couple's relationship has not been examined. This study aimed to look at the experience and impact of childbirth-related PTSD in women and their partners.
Design: This was a qualitative interview study of six couples, where at least one partner had clinically significant symptoms of childbirth-related PTSD.
Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted separately with each partner and interview transcripts subjected to thematic analysis.
Results: Analysis identified four themes with 18 subthemes as follows: (1) birth factors (pain, negative emotions in labour, perceived lack of control, lack of choice or lack of involvement in decision-making, restricted movement or physical restraint, and expectations not being met); (2) quality …
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Benefit-finding in the cancer caregiving experience.
Objective: To characterize the domains of benefit finding in caregiving among close family members of cancer survivors and to relate the domains of benefit finding in cancer caregiving to other psychosocial variables. Although cancer is a problem that involves the entire family, little is known about which caregivers of cancer survivors are likely to find meaning in their caregiving experience or about the relationship of benefit finding to caregivers' psychological adjustment.
Methods: A total of 896 family caregivers participated in the American Cancer Society Quality of Life Survey for Caregivers. Participating caregivers were primarily middle-aged (mean age = 54 years), educated (76% received > high school degree), and affluent (69% earned > or = $40,000 annual household income).
Results: Six domains of benefit finding in caregiving were identified by principal axis factor analysis: …
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Consent and coercion: examining unwanted sex among married young women in India.
Context: Although there is a growing body of research examining the issue of nonconsensual sex among adolescents, few studies have looked at coerced sex within marriage in settings where early marriage is common, or at sex that may not be perceived as forced, but that is unwanted.
Methods: A cross-sectional study, using both survey research and in-depth interviews, was conducted among 1,664 married young women in Gujarat and West Bengal, India. Descriptive data and multinomial logistic regression were used to identify the prevalence and risk factors for occasional and frequent unwanted sex. Qualitative data were analyzed to examine the context in which unwanted sex takes place.
Results: Twelve percent of married young women experienced unwanted sex frequently; 32% experienced it occasionally. The risk of experiencing unwanted sex was lower among women who knew their husband fairly well a…
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Environmental stress, psychological stress and allostatic load.
The mechanism by which chronic caregiving stress results in poor health is not well understood. The objective was to determine whether such a mechanism may be allostatic load, a novel concept specifying physiological systems that may suffer cumulative wear and tear following chronic stress, leading collectively to poor health. The study examines the association of allostatic load with environmental and psychological stress in the contexts of dementia caregiving and relinquishment of care, and is a 2-year longitudinal comparison of three groups: 80 new dementia spouse caregivers, 120 veteran caregivers, and 60 non-caregivers. Data comprised allostatic load markers and environmental and psychological stress measures. Cross-lagged analyses produced a statistically significant association between psychological stress and one allostatic load component (primary mediators). Psychological stress…
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