Tobacco and alcohol specifically.
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Qurʾān
القرآن6 shownVerses named for this subject by hand come first. The rest are found by the subject’s own Arabic and English senses and are shown as lexical matches, not as anchors anyone has confirmed.
Qur'ān 2:219Arabic sense: الخمر, خمر
۞يَسۡـَٔلُونَكَ عَنِ ٱلۡخَمۡرِ وَٱلۡمَيۡسِرِۖ قُلۡ فِيهِمَآ إِثۡمࣱ كَبِيرࣱ وَمَنَٰفِعُ لِلنَّاسِ وَإِثۡمُهُمَآ أَكۡبَرُ مِن نَّفۡعِهِمَاۗ وَيَسۡـَٔلُونَكَ مَاذَا يُنفِقُونَۖ قُلِ ٱلۡعَفۡوَۗ كَذَٰلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمُ ٱلۡأٓيَٰتِ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَتَفَكَّرُونَ
They ask you [Prophet] about intoxicants and gambling: say, ‘There is great sin in both, and some benefit for people: the sin is greater than the benefit.’ They ask you what they should give: say, ‘Give what you can spare.’ In this way, God makes His messages clear to you, so that you may reflect
Qur'ān 5:90Arabic sense: الخمر, خمر
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓاْ إِنَّمَا ٱلۡخَمۡرُ وَٱلۡمَيۡسِرُ وَٱلۡأَنصَابُ وَٱلۡأَزۡلَٰمُ رِجۡسࣱ مِّنۡ عَمَلِ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنِ فَٱجۡتَنِبُوهُ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُونَ
You who believe, intoxicants and gambling, idolatrous practices, and [divining with] arrows are repugnant acts- Satan’s doing- shun them so that you may prosper
Qur'ān 5:91Arabic sense: الخمر, خمر
إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ أَن يُوقِعَ بَيۡنَكُمُ ٱلۡعَدَٰوَةَ وَٱلۡبَغۡضَآءَ فِي ٱلۡخَمۡرِ وَٱلۡمَيۡسِرِ وَيَصُدَّكُمۡ عَن ذِكۡرِ ٱللَّهِ وَعَنِ ٱلصَّلَوٰةِۖ فَهَلۡ أَنتُم مُّنتَهُونَ
With intoxicants and gambling, Satan seeks only to incite enmity and hatred among you, and to stop you remembering God and prayer. Will you not give them up
Qur'ān 12:36Arabic sense: خمر
وَدَخَلَ مَعَهُ ٱلسِّجۡنَ فَتَيَانِۖ قَالَ أَحَدُهُمَآ إِنِّيٓ أَرَىٰنِيٓ أَعۡصِرُ خَمۡرࣰ اۖ وَقَالَ ٱلۡأٓخَرُ إِنِّيٓ أَرَىٰنِيٓ أَحۡمِلُ فَوۡقَ رَأۡسِي خُبۡزࣰ ا تَأۡكُلُ ٱلطَّيۡرُ مِنۡهُۖ نَبِّئۡنَا بِتَأۡوِيلِهِۦٓۖ إِنَّا نَرَىٰكَ مِنَ ٱلۡمُحۡسِنِينَ
Two young men went into prison alongside him. One of them said, ‘I dreamed that I was pressing grapes’; the other said, ‘I dreamed that I was carrying bread on my head and that the birds were eating it.’ [They said], ‘Tell us what this means- we can see that you are a knowledgeable man.’
Qur'ān 12:41Arabic sense: خمر
يَٰصَٰحِبَيِ ٱلسِّجۡنِ أَمَّآ أَحَدُكُمَا فَيَسۡقِي رَبَّهُۥ خَمۡرࣰ اۖ وَأَمَّا ٱلۡأٓخَرُ فَيُصۡلَبُ فَتَأۡكُلُ ٱلطَّيۡرُ مِن رَّأۡسِهِۦۚ قُضِيَ ٱلۡأَمۡرُ ٱلَّذِي فِيهِ تَسۡتَفۡتِيَانِ
Fellow prisoners, one of you will serve his master with wine; the other will be crucified and the birds will peck at his head. That is the end of the matter on which you asked my opinion.’
Qur'ān 24:31Arabic sense: خمر
وَقُل لِّلۡمُؤۡمِنَٰتِ يَغۡضُضۡنَ مِنۡ أَبۡصَٰرِهِنَّ وَيَحۡفَظۡنَ فُرُوجَهُنَّ وَلَا يُبۡدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إِلَّا مَا ظَهَرَ مِنۡهَاۖ وَلۡيَضۡرِبۡنَ بِخُمُرِهِنَّ عَلَىٰ جُيُوبِهِنَّۖ وَلَا يُبۡدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إِلَّا لِبُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوۡ ءَابَآئِهِنَّ أَوۡ ءَابَآءِ بُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوۡ أَبۡنَآئِهِنَّ أَوۡ أَبۡنَآءِ بُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوۡ إِخۡوَٰنِهِنَّ أَوۡ بَنِيٓ إِخۡوَٰنِهِنَّ أَوۡ بَنِيٓ أَخَوَٰتِهِنَّ أَوۡ نِسَآئِهِنَّ أَوۡ مَا مَلَكَتۡ أَيۡمَٰنُهُنَّ أَوِ ٱلتَّٰبِعِينَ غَيۡرِ أُوْلِي ٱلۡإِرۡبَةِ مِنَ ٱلرِّجَالِ أَوِ ٱلطِّفۡلِ ٱلَّذِينَ لَمۡ يَظۡهَرُواْ عَلَىٰ عَوۡرَٰتِ ٱلنِّسَآءِۖ وَلَا يَضۡرِبۡنَ بِأَرۡجُلِهِنَّ لِيُعۡلَمَ مَا يُخۡفِينَ مِن زِينَتِهِنَّۚ وَتُوبُوٓاْ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ جَمِيعًا أَيُّهَ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنُونَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تُفۡلِحُونَ
And tell believing women that they should lower their glances, guard their private parts, and not display their charms beyond what [it is acceptable] to reveal; they should let their headscarves fall to cover their necklines and not reveal their charms except to their husbands, their fathers, their husbands’ fathers, their sons, their husbands’ sons, their brothers, their brothers’ sons, their sisters’ sons, their womenfolk, their slaves, such men as attend them who have no sexual desire, or children who are not yet aware of women’s nakedness; they should not stamp their feet so as to draw attention to any hidden charms. Believers, all of you, turn to God so that you may prosper
Research library, full list
101 to 125 of 1,238Effect of smoking cessation intervention on results of acute fracture surgery: a randomized controlled trial.
Background: Tobacco smoking is a major health and economic concern and is also known to have a significant negative effect on surgical outcomes. The benefits of a smoking cessation intervention prior to elective orthopaedic surgery have been evaluated previously. Our aim was to assess whether a smoking cessation program, initiated during the acute hospitalization period and carried out for six weeks, could reduce the number of complications following emergency surgical treatment of fractures.
Methods: In a multicenter, single-blinded, randomized, controlled clinical trial, 105 smokers with a fracture of the lower or upper extremity that needed acute surgical treatment were randomized to an intervention group (n = 50) or a control group (n = 55). The intervention group was offered a standardized smoking cessation program for six weeks, and all patients were followed at two to three weeks,…
matched on Smoking (mesh), Smoking Cessation (mesh)
McFall M, Saxon AJ, Malte CA, Chow B, Bailey S, Baker DG, Beckham JC, Boardman KD, Carmody TP, Joseph AM, Smith MW, Shih MC, Lu Y, Holodniy M, Lavori PW, CSP 519 Study Team (2010)randomised controlled trialMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJAMA166 citations Integrating tobacco cessation into mental health care for posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized controlled trial.
Context: Most smokers with mental illness do not receive tobacco cessation treatment.
Objective: To determine whether integrating smoking cessation treatment into mental health care for veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) improves long-term smoking abstinence rates.
Design, setting, and patients: A randomized controlled trial of 943 smokers with military-related PTSD who were recruited from outpatient PTSD clinics at 10 Veterans Affairs medical centers and followed up for 18 to 48 months between November 2004 and July 2009.
Intervention: Smoking cessation treatment integrated within mental health care for PTSD delivered by mental health clinicians (integrated care [IC]) vs referral to Veterans Affairs smoking cessation clinics (SCC). Patients received smoking cessation treatment within 3 months of study enrollment.
Main outcome measures: Smoking outcomes included 12-month …
matched on Smoking (mesh), Smoking Cessation (mesh)
Muraven M (2010)randomised controlled trialMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usPsychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors78 citations Practicing self-control lowers the risk of smoking lapse.
Recent research has suggested that practicing small acts of self-control can lead to an improvement in self-control performance. Because smoking cessation requires self-control, it was hypothesized that a treatment that builds self-control should help in quitting smoking. A total of 122 smokers either practiced small acts of self-control for 2 weeks before quitting smoking or practiced a task that increased their awareness of self-control or feelings of confidence, without exercising self-control. Their smoking status was assessed using daily telephone calls and biochemically verified. Individuals who practiced self-control remained abstinent longer than those who practiced tasks that did not require self-control. Supplemental analyses suggested that the increased survival times were a product of building self-control strength and were not produced by changes in feelings that practicing …
matched on Smoking (mesh), Smoking Cessation (mesh)
The effect of a culturally tailored smoking cessation for Chinese American smokers.
Introduction: Tobacco use is a serious public health problem among low-income Chinese Americans with limited English proficiency. Chinese men are at high risk for smoking-related morbidity and mortality. We tested the feasibility of a culturally and linguistically sensitive smoking intervention program with combined counseling and pharmacological components for Chinese smokers in New York City; identified factors and techniques that enhance the administration and appropriateness of the intervention program; and examined the overall impact of this program on quit attempts, quit rates, and overall smoking reduction.
Methods: We were guided by the transtheoretical model and used an adapted motivational interviewing (MI) approach. The study involved a randomized sample with pretreatment assessment and multiple follow-up measures. Eligible participants (N = 122) were randomly assigned to inte…
matched on Smoking (mesh), Smoking Cessation (mesh)
Effect of CT screening on smoking habits at 1-year follow-up in the Danish Lung Cancer Screening Trial (DLCST).
Background: The effect of low-dose CT screening for lung cancer on smoking habits has not been reported in large randomised controlled trials.
Methods: This study evaluated the effect on smoking habits of screening with low-dose CT at 1-year follow up in the Danish Lung Cancer Screening Trial (DLCST), a 5-year randomised controlled trial comprising 4104 subjects; 2052 subjects received annual low-dose CT scan (CT group) and 2052 received no intervention (control group). Participants were healthy current and former smokers (>4 weeks since smoking cessation) with a tobacco consumption of >20 pack years. Smoking habits were determined at baseline and at annual screening. Smoking status was verified using exhaled carbon monoxide levels. Lung function tests, nicotine dependency and motivation to quit smoking were assessed. Quit rates and relapse rates were determined at 1-year follow-up for a…
matched on Smoking (mesh), Smoking Cessation (mesh)
Physical activity as a strategy for maintaining tobacco abstinence: a randomized trial.
Objectives: For smoking cessation, physical activity (PA) may help manage withdrawal symptoms, mood, stress, and weight; yet studies of PA as an aid for smoking cessation have been mixed. This study examined: (1) the impact of an extended relapse prevention program on increasing moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) in adults enrolled in a tobacco cessation treatment trial; (2) whether changes in MVPA were associated with sustained abstinence from smoking; and (3) mechanisms by which MVPA may support sustained abstinence from smoking.
Methods: In a randomized controlled trial conducted from 2003-2006 in San Francisco, California, 407 adult smokers received a 12 week group-based smoking cessation treatment with bupropion and nicotine patch with the quit date set at week 3. At week 12, participants were randomized to no further treatment or to 40 weeks of bupropion or placebo with or without an 1…
matched on Smoking (mesh), Smoking Cessation (mesh)
Effect on smoking quit rate of telling patients their lung age: the Step2quit randomised controlled trial.
Objective: To evaluate the impact of telling patients their estimated spirometric lung age as an incentive to quit smoking.
Design: Randomised controlled trial.
Setting: Five general practices in Hertfordshire, England.
Participants: 561 current smokers aged over 35.
Intervention: All participants were offered spirometric assessment of lung function. Participants in intervention group received their results in terms of "lung age" (the age of the average healthy individual who would perform similar to them on spirometry). Those in the control group received a raw figure for forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1). Both groups were advised to quit and offered referral to local NHS smoking cessation services.
Main outcome measures: The primary outcome measure was verified cessation of smoking by salivary cotinine testing 12 months after recruitment. Secondary outcomes were reported ch…
matched on Smoking (mesh), Smoking Cessation (mesh)
Hall SM, Tsoh JY, Prochaska JJ, Eisendrath S, Rossi JS, Redding CA, Rosen AB, Meisner M, Humfleet GL, Gorecki JA (2006)randomised controlled trialMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usAmerican journal of public health146 citations Treatment for cigarette smoking among depressed mental health outpatients: a randomized clinical trial.
Objectives: Using a brief contact control, we tested the efficacy of a staged care intervention to reduce cigarette smoking among psychiatric patients in outpatient treatment for depression.
Methods: We conducted a randomized clinical trial that included assessments at baseline and at months 3, 6, 12, and 18. Three hundred twenty-two patients in mental health outpatient treatment who were diagnosed with depression and smoked > or =1 cigarette per day participated. The desire to quit smoking was not a prerequisite for participation. Staged care intervention participants received computerized motivational feedback at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months and were offered a 6-session psychological counseling and pharmacological cessation treatment program. Brief contact control participants received a self-help guide and referral list of local smoking-treatment providers.
Results: As we hypot…
matched on Smoking (mesh), Smoking Cessation (mesh)
Teen reach: outcomes from a randomized, controlled trial of a tobacco reduction program for teens seen in primary medical care.
Objective: To test the long-term efficacy of brief counseling plus a computer-based tobacco intervention for teens being seen for routine medical care.
Methods: Both smoking and nonsmoking teens, 14 to 17 years of age, who were being seen for routine visits were eligible for this 2-arm controlled trial. Staff members approached teens in waiting rooms of 7 large pediatric and family practice departments within a group-practice health maintenance organization. Of 3747 teens invited at > or =1 visits, 2526 (67%) consented and were randomized to tobacco intervention or brief dietary advice. The tobacco intervention was individually tailored on the basis of smoking status and stage of change. It included a 30-second clinician advice message, a 10-minute interactive computer program, a 5-minute motivational interview, and up to two 10-minute telephone or in-person booster sessions. The control…
matched on Smoking (mesh), Smoking Cessation (mesh)
The effects of a smoking cessation intervention on 14.5-year mortality: a randomized clinical trial.
Background: Randomized clinical trials have not yet demonstrated the mortality benefit of smoking cessation.
Objective: To assess the long-term effect on mortality of a randomly applied smoking cessation program.
Design: The Lung Health Study was a randomized clinical trial of smoking cessation. Special intervention participants received the smoking intervention program and were compared with usual care participants. Vital status was followed up to 14.5 years.
Setting: 10 clinical centers in the United States and Canada.
Patients: 5887 middle-aged volunteers with asymptomatic airway obstruction.
Measurements: All-cause mortality and mortality due to cardiovascular disease, lung cancer, and other respiratory disease.
Intervention: The intervention was a 10-week smoking cessation program that included a strong physician message and 12 group sessions using behavior modification and nicotine…
matched on Smoking (mesh), Smoking Cessation (mesh)
Evins AE, Cather C, Deckersbach T, Freudenreich O, Culhane MA, Olm-Shipman CM, Henderson DC, Schoenfeld DA, Goff DC, Rigotti NA (2005)randomised controlled trialMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJournal of clinical psychopharmacology123 citations A double-blind placebo-controlled trial of bupropion sustained-release for smoking cessation in schizophrenia.
The objective of this study was to examine the efficacy of bupropion for smoking cessation in patients with schizophrenia. Adults with schizophrenia who smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day and wished to try to quit smoking were recruited from community mental health centers, enrolled in a 12-week group cognitive behavioral therapy intervention, and randomly assigned to receive either bupropion sustained-release 300 mg/d or identical placebo. Fifty-three adults, 25 on bupropion and 28 on placebo, were randomized, completed at least 1 postbaseline assessment and were included in the analysis. The primary outcome measures were 7-day point prevalence abstinence in the week after the quit date (week 4) and at the end of the intervention (week 12). Subjects in the bupropion group were significantly more likely to be abstinent for the week after the quit date (36% [9/25] vs. 7% [2/28], P = 0…
matched on Smoking (mesh), Smoking Cessation (mesh)
Weisz G, Cox DA, Garcia E, Tcheng JE, Griffin JJ, Guagliumi G, Stuckey TD, Rutherford BD, Mehran R, Aymong E, Lansky A, Grines CL, Stone GW (2005)randomised controlled trialMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usAmerican heart journal101 citations Impact of smoking status on outcomes of primary coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction--the smoker's paradox revisited.
Objectives: We sought to determine the relationship between cigarette smoking and outcomes after mechanical reperfusion therapy in acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Background: Prior studies have found that smokers with AMI have lower mortality rates and a more favorable response to fibrinolytic therapy than nonsmokers. The impact of cigarette smoking in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention has not been examined.
Methods: In the CADILLAC trial, 2082 patients with AMI were randomized to percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty +/- abciximab versus stenting +/- abciximab. Data on smoking status were prospectively collected and follow-up continued for 1 year.
Results: At the time of presentation, 638 (31%) patients had never smoked, 546 (26%) were former smokers, and 898 (45%) were currently smoking. In comparison to nonsmokers, current smokers were younger,…
matched on Smoking (mesh), Smoking Cessation (mesh)
Hasin DS, Wall M, Witkiewitz K, Kranzler HR, Falk D, Litten R, Mann K, O'Malley SS, Scodes J, Robinson RL, Anton R, Alcohol Clinical Trials Initiative (ACTIVE) Workgroup (2017)cohort or longitudinalMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usThe lancet. Psychiatry117 citations Change in non-abstinent WHO drinking risk levels and alcohol dependence: a 3 year follow-up study in the US general population.
Background: Alcohol dependence is often untreated. Although abstinence is often the aim of treatment, many drinkers prefer drinking reduction goals. Therefore, if supported by evidence of benefit, drinking reduction goals could broaden the appeal of treatment. Regulatory agencies are considering non-abstinent outcomes as efficacy indicators in clinical trials, including reduction in WHO drinking risk levels-very high, high, moderate, and low-defined in terms of mean ethanol consumption (in grams) per day. We aimed to study the relationship between reductions in WHO drinking risk levels and subsequent reduction in the risk of alcohol dependence.
Methods: In this population-based cohort study, we included data from 22 005 drinkers who were interviewed in 2001-02 (Wave 1) and re-interviewed 3 years later (2004-05; Wave 2) in the US National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Condit…
matched on Alcohol Drinking (mesh), Alcoholism (mesh), Ethanol (mesh)
Interventions for Tobacco Cessation in Adults, Including Pregnant Persons: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.
Importance: It has been estimated that in 2018 nearly 20% of adults in the US were currently using a tobacco product.
Objective: To systematically review the effectiveness and safety of pharmacotherapy, behavioral interventions, and electronic cigarettes for tobacco cessation among adults, including pregnant persons, to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force.
Data sources: PubMed, PsycInfo, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Centre for Reviews and Dissemination of Health Technology Assessment; surveillance through September 25, 2020.
Study selection: Systematic reviews of tobacco cessation interventions and randomized clinical trials that evaluated the effects of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) or pharmacotherapy among pregnant persons.
Data extraction and synthesis: Independent critical appraisal and data abstraction; qualita…
matched on Smoking Cessation (mesh), Tobacco Use Disorder (mesh)
Impact of tobacco control interventions on socioeconomic inequalities in smoking: review of the evidence.
Objective: We updated and expanded a previous systematic literature review examining the impact of tobacco control interventions on socioeconomic inequalities in smoking.
Methods: We searched the academic literature for reviews and primary research articles published between January 2006 and November 2010 that examined the socioeconomic impact of six tobacco control interventions in adults: that is, price increases, smoke-free policies, advertising bans, mass media campaigns, warning labels, smoking cessation support and community-based programmes combining several interventions. We included English-language articles from countries at an advanced stage of the tobacco epidemic that examined the differential impact of tobacco control interventions by socioeconomic status or the effectiveness of interventions among disadvantaged socioeconomic groups. All articles were appraised by two autho…
matched on Smoking Cessation (mesh), Tobacco Use Disorder (mesh)
Therapeutic community-oriented day treatment program for Korean women with alcohol use disorder: a non-randomized pilot feasibility trial.
Background: The prevalence of alcohol use disorder (AUD) among women in South Korea has been rising, causing public health problems. Yet women's treatment needs are mostly unmet in South Korea due to the lack of women-focused treatment programs. This study evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and clinical outcomes of a therapeutic community (TC)-oriented day treatment program for Korean women with AUD on alcohol abstinence self-efficacy, forgiveness, and spirituality.
Methods: The current study employed a quasi-experimental, non-equivalent control group design with a pretest and posttest. Participants were assigned to 6-month TC-oriented day treatment program (n = 19) or usual treatment (n = 21). Feasibility (treatment completion rate) and acceptability (overall program satisfaction) were assessed. Alcohol abstinence was measured as a clinical outcome at baseline, 3 months, and 6 mo…
matched on Alcohol Drinking (mesh), Alcoholism (mesh)
Henkel D (2011)reviewMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usCurrent drug abuse reviews338 citations Unemployment and substance use: a review of the literature (1990-2010).
The current article summarizes the results of a comprehensive review of the international research published between 1990 and 2010. The research was focused on the prevalence of substance use/disorders among the unemployed and employed, the impact of substance abuse on unemployment and vice versa, the effect of unemployment on alcohol/ drug addiction treatment and smoking cessation, and the relationship between business cycle, unemployment rate and substance use. Over hundred-thirty relevant studies were identified investigating these issues. The main results are as follows: (1) Risky alcohol consumption (associated with hazardous, binge, and heavy drinking) is more prevalent among the unemployed. They are also more likely to be smokers, to use illicit and prescription drugs, and to have alcohol and drug disorders (abuse, dependence). (2) Problematic substance use increases the likelihoo…
matched on Alcoholism (mesh), Smoking (mesh), Smoking Cessation (mesh)
Health behaviors, medical care, and interventions to promote healthy living in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study cohort.
Childhood cancer survivors are at risk for medical and psychosocial late effects as a result of their cancer and its therapy. Promotion of healthy lifestyle behaviors and provision of regular risk-based medical care and surveillance may modify the evolution of these late effects. This manuscript summarizes publications from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) that have examined health behaviors, risk-based health care, and interventions to promote healthy lifestyle practices. Long-term survivors use tobacco and alcohol and have inactive lifestyles at higher rates than is ideal given their increased risk of cardiac, pulmonary, and metabolic late effects. Nearly 90% of survivors report receiving some form of medical care. However, only 18% report medical visits related to their prior cancer that include discussion or ordering of screening tests or counseling on how to reduce the spe…
matched on Alcohol Drinking (mesh), Smoking (mesh), Smoking Cessation (mesh)
Mobile Apps to Reduce Tobacco, Alcohol, and Illicit Drug Use: Systematic Review of the First Decade.
Background: Mobile apps for problematic substance use have the potential to bypass common barriers to treatment seeking. Ten years following the release of the first app targeting problematic tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drug use, their effectiveness, use, and acceptability remains unclear.
Objective: This study aims to conduct a systematic literature review of trials evaluating mobile app interventions for problematic tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drug use.
Methods: The review was conducted according to recommended guidelines. Relevant databases were searched, and articles were included if the mobile app study was a controlled intervention trial and reported alcohol, tobacco, or illicit drug consumption as outcomes.
Results: A total of 20 studies met eligibility criteria across a range of substances: alcohol (n=11), tobacco (n=6), alcohol and tobacco (n=1), illicit drugs (n=1), and ill…
matched on Alcoholism (mesh), Smoking (keyword)
Efficacy of Psychosocial Interventions in Inducing and Maintaining Alcohol Abstinence in Patients With Chronic Liver Disease: A Systematic Review.
Background & aims: We conducted a systematic review of efficacy of psychosocial interventions in inducing or maintaining alcohol abstinence in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD).
Methods: We performed structured keyword searches in PubMed, PsychINFO, and MEDLINE for original research articles that were published from January 1983 through November 2014 that evaluated the use of psychosocial interventions to induce or maintain alcohol abstinence in patients with CLD and AUD.
Results: We identified 13 eligible studies that comprised 1945 patients; 5 were randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Delivered therapies included motivational enhancement therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), motivational interviewing, supportive therapy, and psychoeducation either alone or in combination in the intervention group and general health education or treatment as…
matched on Alcoholism (mesh), Alcoholism (keyword)
Kaner EF, Beyer FR, Garnett C, Crane D, Brown J, Muirhead C, Redmore J, O'Donnell A, Newham JJ, de Vocht F, Hickman M, Brown H, Maniatopoulos G, Michie S (2017)meta-analysisMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usThe Cochrane database of systematic reviews210 citations Personalised digital interventions for reducing hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption in community-dwelling populations.
Background: Excessive alcohol use contributes significantly to physical and psychological illness, injury and death, and a wide array of social harm in all age groups. A proven strategy for reducing excessive alcohol consumption levels is to offer a brief conversation-based intervention in primary care settings, but more recent technological innovations have enabled people to interact directly via computer, mobile device or smartphone with digital interventions designed to address problem alcohol consumption.
Objectives: To assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of digital interventions for reducing hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption, alcohol-related problems, or both, in people living in the community, specifically: (i) Are digital interventions more effective and cost-effective than no intervention (or minimal input) controls? (ii) Are digital interventions at least equ…
matched on Alcohol Drinking (mesh), binge drinking (text)
Cessation and reduction in alcohol consumption and misuse after psychedelic use.
Background: Meta-analysis of randomized studies using lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) for alcohol use disorder (AUD) showed large, significant effects for LSD efficacy compared to control conditions. Clinical studies suggest potential anti-addiction effects of LSD and mechanistically-related classic psychedelics for alcohol and other substance use disorders.
Aims: To supplement clinical studies, reports of psychedelic use in naturalistic settings can provide further data regarding potential effects of psychedelics on alcohol use.
Methods: An anonymous online survey of individuals with prior AUD reporting cessation or reduction in alcohol use following psychedelic use in non-clinical settings.
Results: 343 respondents, mostly White (89%), males (78%), in the USA (60%) completed the survey. Participants reported seven years of problematic alcohol use on average before the psychedelic expe…
matched on Alcohol Drinking (mesh), Ethanol (mesh)
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) for treatment of alcohol withdrawal and prevention of relapses.
Background: Chronic excessive alcohol consumption may lead to dependence, and to alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) in case of abrupt drinking cessation. Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) can prevent and suppress withdrawal symptoms, and improve the medium-term abstinence rate. A clear balance between effectiveness and harmfulness has not been yet established.
Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of GHB for treatment of AWS and prevention of relapse
Search strategy: We searched Cochrane Drugs and Alcohol Group' Register of Trials (October 2008), PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL (January 2005 - October 2008), EconLIT (1969 to February 2008), reference list of retrieved articles
Selection criteria: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and Controlled Prospective Studies (CPS) evaluating the efficacy and the safety of GHB vs placebo or other pharmacological treatments.
Data collection and analy…
matched on Alcoholism (mesh), Ethanol (mesh)
Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of a Novel Smoking Cessation App Designed for Individuals With Co-Occurring Tobacco Use Disorder and Serious Mental Illness.
Introduction: High rates of tobacco use among people with serious mental illness (SMI), along with their unique needs, suggest the importance of developing tailored smoking cessation interventions for this group. Previous early-phase work empirically validated the design and content of Learn to Quit, a theory-based app designed for this population.
Methods: In a pilot randomized controlled trial, we compared the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of Learn to Quit versus QuitGuide, an app designed for the general population. All participants received nicotine replacement therapy and technical assistance. Daily smokers with SMI (N = 62) participated in the trial with outcomes assessed at weeks 4, 8, 12, and 16.
Results: Compared to QuitGuide, Learn to Quit participants had similar number of days of app use (34 vs. 32, p = .754), but larger number of app interactions (335 …
matched on Smoking Cessation (mesh), Tobacco Use Disorder (mesh)
A rural Appalachian faith-placed smoking cessation intervention.
Although health promotion programming in faith institutions is promising, most faith-based or placed health projects focus on diet, exercise, or cancer screening and many have been located in urban environments. This article addresses the notable absence of faith programming for smoking cessation among underserved rural US residents who experience tobacco-related health inequities. In this article, we describe our faith-oriented smoking cessation program in rural Appalachia, involving 590 smokers in 26 rural churches randomized to early and delayed intervention groups. We present three main themes that account for participants' positive evaluation of the program; the program's ability to leverage social connections; the program's convenience orientation; and the program's financial support for smoking cessation. We also present themes on the roles of faith and church in smoking cessation…
matched on Smoking Cessation (mesh), Tobacco Use Disorder (mesh)