Turning to God and to religious practice under strain.
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351 to 375 of 869Six-month changes in spirituality and religiousness in alcoholics predict drinking outcomes at nine months.
Objective: Although spiritual change is hypothesized to contribute to recovery from alcohol dependence, few studies have used prospective data to investigate this hypothesis. Prior studies have also been limited to treatment-seeking and Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) samples. This study included alcohol-dependent individuals, both in treatment and not, to investigate the effect of spiritual and religious (SR) change on subsequent drinking outcomes, independent of AA involvement.
Method: Alcoholics (N = 364) were recruited for a panel study from two abstinence-based treatment centers, a moderation drinking program, and untreated individuals from the local community. Quantitative measures of SR change between baseline and 6 months were used to predict 9-month drinking outcomes, controlling for baseline drinking and AA involvement.
Results: Significant 6-month changes in 8 of 12 SR measures were…
matched on Spirituality (mesh), religious coping (text), Religion (mesh)
Religious and spiritual involvement among older african americans, Caribbean blacks, and non-Hispanic whites: findings from the national survey of american life.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine similarities and differences in religious involvement among three groups of older adults-African Americans, Caribbean Blacks, and non-Hispanic Whites.
Methods: We used data from the National Survey of American Life, a nationally representative household study of African Americans and Caribbean Blacks with a national sample of non-Hispanic Whites who reside in areas (census tracks and block groups) at least 10% African American. We examined demographic correlates of 16 measures of organizational, nonorganizational, subjective religiosity, as well as religious coping and spirituality.
Results: The findings indicated that older African Americans and Caribbean Blacks reported higher levels of religious participation, religious coping, and spirituality than older Whites. We observed few significant differences between older African American…
matched on Spirituality (mesh), religious coping (text), Religion (mesh)
The roles of religion and spirituality among African American survivors of domestic violence.
The investigation examined religious involvement, spirituality, religious coping, and social support as correlates of posttraumatic stress symptoms and depression symptoms in African American survivors of domestic violence. Sixty-five African American women who experienced domestic violence in the past year provided data on demographics, severity and frequency of physical and psychological abuse during the past year, aspects of current social support, types of current coping activities, religious involvement, spiritual experiences, and symptoms related to depression and posttraumatic stress disorder. Women who evinced higher levels of spirituality and greater religious involvement reported fewer depression symptoms. Religious involvement was also found to be negatively associated with posttraumatic stress symptoms. Women who reported higher levels of spirituality reported utilizing highe…
matched on Spirituality (mesh), religious coping (text), Religion (mesh)
Examining the links between spiritual struggles and symptoms of psychopathology in a national sample.
The present study investigated the relationship between spiritual struggles and various types of psychopathology symptoms in individuals who had and had not suffered from a recent illness. Participants completed self-report measures of religious variables and symptoms of psychopathology. Spiritual struggles were assessed by a measure of negative religious coping. As predicted, negative religious coping was significantly linked to various forms of psychopathology, including anxiety, phobic anxiety, depression, paranoid ideation, obsessive-compulsiveness, and somatization, after controlling for demographic and religious variables. In addition, the relationship between negative religious coping and anxiety and phobic anxiety was stronger for individuals who had experienced a recent illness. These results have implications for assessments and interventions targeting spiritual struggles, espe…
matched on Spirituality (mesh), religious coping (text), Adaptation, Psychological (mesh)
Can mental healthcare for Muslim patients be person-centred without consideration of religious identity? A concurrent analysis.
Background: Muslims constitute the largest, fastest growing religious minority in the UK. Globally, nurses are legally, morally and ethically obliged to provide non-discriminatory, person-centred, culturally sensitive care. This obligation includes supporting people with their religious needs where appropriate, but there is evidence this is not always happening, particularly for Muslims in mental health care.
Aims: This paper reviewed primary research to address the question: Can mental healthcare for Muslims be person-centred without consideration of religious identity?
Methods: Narrative synthesis and concurrent analysis. Searches were conducted post 2000 in MEDLINE, CINAHL, SAGE, PsychINFO and ASA with terms: 'Muslim', 'Islam* ', 'mental health', 'nurs* ', 'person-cent* ', 'religio* '. Narrative data were analysed for commonalities and themes.
Findings: Seven studies of sufficient qua…
matched on Spirituality (keyword), Religion (keyword)
The Science of Meaning in Life.
Meaning in life has long been a mystery of human existence. In this review, we seek to demystify this construct. Focusing on the subjective experience of meaning in life, we review how it has been measured and briefly describe its correlates. Then we review evidence that meaning in life, for all its mystery, is a rather commonplace experience. We then define the construct and review its constituent facets: comprehension/coherence, purpose, and existential mattering/significance. We review the many experiences that have been shown to enhance meaning in life and close by considering important remaining research questions about this fascinating topic.
matched on Adaptation, Psychological (mesh), Existentialism (mesh)
Moral Injury: An Increasingly Recognized and Widespread Syndrome.
Moral injury (MI), originally discussed in relationship to transgressing moral beliefs and values during wartime among military personnel, has expanded beyond this context to include similar emotions experienced by healthcare professionals, first responders, and others experiencing moral emotions resulting from actions taken or observations made during traumatic events or circumstances. In this article, we review the history, definition, measurement, prevalence, distinctiveness, psychological consequences, manifestations (in and outside of military settings), and correlates of MI in different settings. We also review secular psychological treatments, spiritually integrated therapies, and pastoral care approaches (specific for clergy and chaplains) used to treat MI and the evidence documenting their efficacy. Finally, we examine directions for future research needed to fill the many gaps …
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Spiritual Care in Palliative Care: A Systematic Review of the Recent European Literature.
Many studies on spiritual care in palliative care are performed in the US, leaving other continents unexplored. The objective of this systematic review is to map the recent studies on spiritual care in palliative care in Europe. PubMed, CINAHL, ATLA, PsycINFO, ERIC, IBSS, Web of Science, EMBASE, and other databases were searched. Included were European studies published in a peer-reviewed journal in 2015, 2016, or 2017. The characteristics of the included studies were analyzed and a narrative synthesis of the extracted data was performed. 53 articles were included. Spiritual care was seen as attention for spirituality, presence, empowerment, and bringing peace. It implied creative, narrative, and ritual work. Though several studies reported positive effects of spiritual care, like the easing of discomfort, the evidence for spiritual care is low. Requirements for implementation of spiritu…
matched on Spirituality (keyword), Religion (keyword)
The Role of the Healthcare Chaplain: A Literature Review.
Healthcare chaplains operate in many healthcare sites internationally and yet their contribution is not always clearly understood by medical and healthcare staff. This review aims to explore the chaplains' role in healthcare, with a view to informing best practice in future healthcare chaplaincy. Overall the extent of the provision and staffing of chaplaincy service internationally is unclear. From this review, several key spiritual and pastoral roles in healthcare emerge including a potential contribution to ethical decision making at the end of life. Healthcare chaplains are key personnel, already employed in many healthcare organizations, who are in a pivotal position to contribute to future developments of faith-based care, faith-sensitive pastoral, and spiritual care provision. They also have a new and evolving role in ethical support of patient, families and healthcare teams.
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Between power and powerlessness: a meta-ethnography of sources of resilience in young refugees.
Objective: This article reviews available qualitative studies that report young refugees' ways of dealing with adversity to address their sources of resilience.
Design: We searched five electronic databases. Twenty-six empirical studies were included in the review. A meta-ethnography approach was used to synthesize these qualitative studies.
Results: Six sources of resilience emerged: (1) social support, (2) acculturation strategies, (3) education, (4) religion, (5) avoidance, and (6) hope. These sources indicated social as well as personal factors that confer resilience in young refugees, but most of them also had counterproductive aspects.
Conclusion: The results, from an ecological developmental perspective, stressed the interplay between protective and risk processes in the mental health of young refugees who had resettled in Western countries, and they emphasized the variability as …
matched on Adaptation, Psychological (mesh), Religion (mesh)
Religion, spirituality, and schizophrenia: a review.
Religion and spirituality exert a significant role in the lives of many individuals, including people with schizophrenia. However, the contribution of religion and spirituality to various domains (psychopathology, explanatory models, treatment seeking, treatment adherence, outcome, etc.) has not received much attention. In this article, we review the exiting data with regards to the relationship of religion, spirituality, and various domains in patients with schizophrenia. Available evidence suggests that for some patients, religion instills hope, purpose, and meaning in their lives, whereas for others, it induces spiritual despair. Patients with schizophrenia also exhibit religious delusions and hallucinations. Further, there is some evidence to suggest that religion influences the level of psychopathology. Religion and religious practices also influence social integration, risk of suic…
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Olver IN (2012)reviewMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usCurrent opinion in supportive and palliative care21 citations Evolving definitions of hope in oncology.
Purpose of review: This review updates the literature on hope and oncology following a prior review of studies up until 2009. It particularly focusses on the evolution of the definition of hope in the light of the clinical experience of patients with cancer, their carers and health professionals.
Recent findings: Hope creates meaning for patients and is an important coping mechanism. Clinicians are wary of communicating bad news because it may deprive patients of hope, but work with decision aids suggests that this communication can be managed successfully. Hope and optimism negatively correlate with anxiety and depression. Maintaining hope may result in patients with incurable cancer accepting treatments or trials with little chance of benefit. Hope also needs to be maintained by palliative care nurses who harmonize their hopes with the different degrees and constructs of hope around th…
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Impact of caloric and dietary restriction regimens on markers of health and longevity in humans and animals: a summary of available findings.
Considerable interest has been shown in the ability of caloric restriction (CR) to improve multiple parameters of health and to extend lifespan. CR is the reduction of caloric intake - typically by 20 - 40% of ad libitum consumption - while maintaining adequate nutrient intake. Several alternatives to CR exist. CR combined with exercise (CE) consists of both decreased caloric intake and increased caloric expenditure. Alternate-day fasting (ADF) consists of two interchanging days; one day, subjects may consume food ad libitum (sometimes equaling twice the normal intake); on the other day, food is reduced or withheld altogether. Dietary restriction (DR) - restriction of one or more components of intake (typically macronutrients) with minimal to no reduction in total caloric intake - is another alternative to CR. Many religions incorporate one or more forms of food restriction. The followin…
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Chan SW (2010)reviewMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usDementia and geriatric cognitive disorders104 citations Family caregiving in dementia: the Asian perspective of a global problem.
Background/aims: With an increasing life expectancy, the number of people suffering from dementia globally will rise to about 115.4 million by 2050. It is projected that in the 21st century, the majority of the world's older people will be living in Asia. This paper examines the global issues of family caregiving for older persons with dementia from an Asian perspective.
Methods: Literature review of published empirical studies from 1990 to October 2010.
Results: A full understanding of the specific way that culture could influence family caregivers' burdens may play an important part in the development of a holistic model for family-centered care. Well-designed psychoeducation interventions or multicomponent interventions could help in reducing caregivers' burden. With socio-economical and demographical changes, families need to be supported when taking on the caregiving role and be off…
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The impact of religious fasting on human health.
The past two decades have seen a rise in the number of investigations examining the health-related effects of religiously motivated fasts. Islamic Ramadan is a 28 - 30 day fast in which food and drink are prohibited during the daylight hours. The majority of health-specific findings related to Ramadan fasting are mixed. The likely causes for these heterogeneous findings are the differences between studies in the following: 1) the amount of daily fasting time; 2) the percentage of subjects who smoke, take oral medications, and/or receive intravenous fluids; and 3) the subjects' typical food choices and eating habits. Greek Orthodox Christians fast for a total of 180 - 200 days each year, and their main fasting periods are the Nativity Fast (40 days prior to Christmas), Lent (48 days prior to Easter), and the Assumption (15 days in August). The fasting periods are more similar than dissimi…
matched on Christianity (mesh), Religion and Medicine (mesh)
A theoretical and empirical review of the death-thought accessibility concept in terror management research.
Terror management theory (TMT) highlights the motivational impact of thoughts of death in various aspects of everyday life. Since its inception in 1986, research on TMT has undergone a slight but significant shift from an almost exclusive focus on the manipulation of thoughts of death to a marked increase in studies that measure the accessibility of death-related cognition. Indeed, the number of death-thought accessibility (DTA) studies in the published literature has grown substantially in recent years. In light of this increasing reliance on the DTA concept, the present article is meant to provide a comprehensive theoretical and empirical review of the literature employing this concept. After discussing the roots of DTA, the authors outline the theoretical refinements to TMT that have accompanied significant research findings associated with the DTA concept. Four distinct categories (m…
matched on Adaptation, Psychological (mesh), Existentialism (mesh)
Coping strategies in chronic pain.
Patients with chronic pain need strategies to manage their pain and its impact, also known as coping. Coping is not restricted to one dimension of functioning; it involves virtually every dimension of human functioning: cognitive, affective, behavioral, and physiological. We review the literature on coping strategies for chronic pain, including concept and types of coping (eg, religious, social, psychological), as well as coping-with-pain questionnaires, studies available, other topics of interest, interventions to enhance coping with pain, and future directions in this field.
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Coping with a diagnosis of breast cancer-literature review and implications for developing countries.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women worldwide. Women are at an increased risk of developing both physical and psychological morbidity after diagnosis; however, many use different strategies to cope with the disease. The aim of this article is to review the available literature on the impact of breast cancer diagnoses and the strategies used by women to cope with this disease. The implications of these emerging findings are extrapolated within the context of health services provided in developing countries. Electronic databases were used to search the relevant literature. The findings showed that women who were diagnosed with breast cancer are at risk of developing several psychological morbidities such as depression, anxiety, fatigue, negative thoughts, suicidal thoughts, fear of dying, sense of aloneness, sexual and body images problems, as well as an overall decreas…
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Lee V (2008)reviewMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usSupportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer96 citations The existential plight of cancer: meaning making as a concrete approach to the intangible search for meaning.
Introduction: Despite modern advances that have led to improved prognoses and symptom management, a cancer diagnosis continues to evoke images of pain, suffering, and death.
Discussion: The current literature suggests that the "existential plight of cancer" refers to what is now commonly known as the "search for meaning" following a cancer experience. Mounting evidence suggests that global meaning-defined as the general sense that one's life has order and purpose--is a key determinant of overall quality of life. It provides the motivation for people with cancer to re-engage in life amongst a bewildering array of physical, psychosocial, social, spiritual, and existential changes imposed by the disease. Health care providers are inherently involved in their patients' search for global meaning. Yet, few empirical studies have operationalized how this search can be achieved.
Conclusion: The …
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Körtner UH (2007)reviewMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usWiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946)1 citations [Illness, culture and religion--issues of intercultural medical ethics and nursing ethics].
Should modern medicine be allowed to do what it is capable of? And what role are religious norms and attitudes to play in both the medical course of life and the bioethical discourse of modern societies? Questions like these are subject of current intercultural medical and nursing ethics. Religious attitudes not only influence the cultural and political surroundings of medical research but also exert a practical influence on the health and illness attitudes of the individual. Coming before moral judgement should be the endeavour to understand one's counterpart, namely the patient, and his/her socio-cultural background. The question to be answered is how therapy and nursing can best be applied within the given socio-cultural framework without those responsible denying their own medical premises or their own concepts of nursing. Intercultural medical and nursing ethics provide an important…
matched on Religion (mesh), Religion and Medicine (mesh)
Religious Coping Strategies of Mothers Who Lost Their Children to Cancer in Türkiye: A Qualitative Study.
Perceptions of death can greatly impact the ability to cope with grief, making it either easier or unbearable. Research on the importance of religion and spirituality in the field of oncology, particularly among parents who have lost a child to cancer, is still in its emerging stage. This study aimed to describe the religious coping strategies of Muslim mothers who lost their children to cancer. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 18 mothers and analyzed the data using reflexive thematic analysis. The findings show that resignation to the 'Will of God', being more religious, and belief in life after death are common coping strategies used by mothers who are grieving the loss of their child. Mothers in pediatric oncology place great importance on religious coping strategies to manage their grief.
matched on Religion and Psychology (mesh), religious coping (text), Adaptation, Psychological (mesh), Religion (keyword)
Religious Coping in Iranian Mothers of Children With Cancer: A Qualitative Content Analysis.
Objective: Religious coping is one of the most frequently used coping methods in parents of children with cancer. This study aims to explain dimensions of religious coping in mothers of children with cancer in Iran.
Methods: In this qualitative content analysis, using purposeful sampling, 8 mothers of children with cancer were selected and interviewed. When saturation was achieved, data were analyzed through directed content analysis. Primary and secondary codes were placed in prelabeled categories and subcategories based on Pargament's religious coping theory.
Results: The participants of the study used coping methods in 4 of the 5 objectives of religious coping, that are meaning, control, comfort, and intimacy with others and closeness to God. Three of the most frequent used coping methods by the participants were "Punishing God Reappraisal," "Pleading for Direct Intercession," and "Be…
matched on Religion and Psychology (mesh), religious coping (text), Adaptation, Psychological (mesh), Religion (keyword)
Differences in Religiousness in Opposite-Sex and Same-Sex Twins in a Secular Society.
Sex differences in religion are well known, with females generally being more religious than males, and shared environmental factors have been suggested to have a large influence on religiousness. Twins from opposite-sex (OS) and same-sex (SS) pairs may differ because of a dissimilar psycho-social rearing environment and/or because of different exposures to hormones in utero. We hypothesized that OS females may display more masculine patterns of religiousness and, vice versa, that OS males may display more feminine patterns. We used a web-based survey conducted in Denmark, which is a secular society. The survey included 2,997 twins aged 20-40 years, identified through the population-based Danish Twin Registry. We applied la Cour and Hvidt's adaptation of Fishman's three conceptual dimensions of meaning: Cognition, Practice, and Importance, and we used Pargament's measure of religious cop…
matched on Religion and Psychology (mesh), religious coping (text), Adaptation, Psychological (mesh), Religion (keyword)
Influence of religiosity and spiritual coping on health-related quality of life in Saudi haemodialysis patients.
Introduction: Patients undergoing haemodialysis (HD) are frequently troubled by psychiatric disorders and coping problems, which can pose a serious threat to their physical and mental well-being. Using religious and spiritual interventions as a means of coping with physical and mental challenges is widely recognized. Although this topic has been well studied, in the Middle East regions, where Islam is the dominant religion, studies are limited. Thus, this study was performed to explore the influence of religiosity and spiritual coping (SC) on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of Saudi patients receiving HD.
Methods: A total of 168 HD patients from three hospitals in Saudi Arabia formed a convenient sample for this descriptive, cross-sectional hospital-based study. Data collection was done via questionnaire-guided interviews using the Muslim Religious Index as well as the Arabic …
matched on Spirituality (keyword), religious coping (text), spiritual coping (text), Religion and Medicine (mesh)
Amin Z (2026)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJournal of religion and health Religious Coping and Moral Injury among Muslim Clinicians: A Mixed-Methods Study of Post-Pandemic Burnout in Healthcare Settings.
This mixed-methods study examines the complex relationship between religious coping, moral injury, and burnout among Muslim healthcare professionals in the post-pandemic context. Quantitative data from 312 clinicians revealed that negative religious coping strongly correlated with both moral injury (r = 0.48, p < 0.001) and burnout (r = 0.52, p < 0.001), while positive religious coping served as a protective factor against burnout (r = - 0.34, p < 0.001) though showed limited impact on moral injury itself. Qualitative findings from 28 in-depth interviews identified four key themes: the dual nature of divine trust (Tawakkul) and predestination (Taqdir), the burden of sacred responsibility (Amanah), spiritual solace in ritual practice, and experiences of institutional and communal invalidation. The study demonstrates that Islamic religious frameworks function as both protective resources a…
matched on positive religious coping (text), religious coping (text), tawakkul (text), Adaptation, Psychological (mesh)