Positive functioning as an outcome in its own right.
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3326 to 3350 of 6,178Lifestyle integrated functional exercise for people with interstitial lung disease (iLiFE): A mixed-methods feasibility study.
Background: People with interstitial lung disease (ILD) present low levels of physical activity (PA) and spend most of their time at home, especially in advanced stages of the disease. The Lifestyle Integrated Functional Exercise for people with ILD (iLiFE) embedding PA in patients' daily routines was developed and implemented.
Objectives: This study aimed to explore the feasibility of iLiFE.
Methods: A pre/post mixed-methods feasibility study was conducted. Feasibility of iLiFE was determined by participant recruitment/retention, adherence, feasibility of outcome measures and adverse events. Measures of PA, sedentary behaviour, balance, muscle strength, functional performance/capacity, exercise capacity, impact of the disease, symptoms (i.e., dyspnoea, anxiety, depression, fatigue and cough) and health-related quality of life were collected at baseline and post-intervention (12-weeks). …
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"I don't take for granted that I am doing well today": a mixed methods study on well-being, impact of cancer, and supportive needs in long-term childhood cancer survivors.
Purpose: With increasing numbers of childhood cancer survivors (CCS), it is important to identify the impact of cancer and CCS' needs for support services that can mitigate the long-term impact on psychosocial wellbeing, including health-related quality of life (HRQOL). We aimed (1) to describe survivors' wellbeing, impact of cancer, and supportive care needs and (2) to determine how socio-demographic or clinical characteristics and impact of cancer relate to survivors' unmet needs.
Method: In this mixed methods study, a quantitative survey was used to assess HRQOL, psychological distress, impact of cancer, and supportive care needs. Qualitative interviews were conducted to explore the meaning of wellbeing, health, and impact of cancer.
Results: Overall, 69 CCS participated in the survey of which 28 participated in qualitative interviews (aged ≥ 18 years, diagnosed with cancer ≤ 18 years…
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GABAB receptors in prelimbic cortex and basolateral amygdala differentially influence intertemporal decision making and decline with age.
The ability to decide adaptively between immediate vs. delayed gratification (intertemporal choice) is critical for well-being and is associated with a range of factors that influence quality of life. In contrast to young adults, many older adults show enhanced preference for delayed gratification; however, the neural mechanisms underlying this age difference in intertemporal choice are largely un-studied. Changes in signaling through GABAB receptors (GABABRs) mediate several age-associated differences in cognitive processes linked to intertemporal choice. The current study used a rat model to determine how GABABRs in two brain regions known to regulate intertemporal choice (prelimbic cortex; PrL and basolateral amygdala; BLA) contribute to age differences in this form of decision making in male rats. As in humans, aged rats showed enhanced preference for large, delayed over small, immed…
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Patient and health care professional co-development of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy intervention to support hormone therapy decision-making and well-being in women with breast cancer.
Objectives: The aim of this work was to co-develop an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) intervention to support medication adherence and quality of life in breast cancer survivors (BCSs). The research approach was intervention co-development.
Methods: The sample consisted of BCS focus groups (n = 24), health care provider (HCP) interviews (n = 10), and a co-development workshop (BCSs, n = 12; HCPs, n = 9).We conducted 6 BCS focus groups and 10 HCP interviews to understand the acceptability of ACT. We co-designed the intervention in a workshop.
Results: Participants reported high acceptability of an ACT intervention. BCSs preferred ACT exercises focused on values and self-compassion. Both groups recommended face-to-face intervention delivery, by a clinical psychologist, with a mixture of individual and group sessions. BCSs requested advice on side-effect management.
Conclusions: We …
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The Impact of Robotic Companion Pets on Depression and Loneliness for Older Adults with Dementia During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Purpose: Differences in depression and loneliness, during the COVID-19 pandemic, for older adults with mild to moderate dementia living in residential care after interacting with a robotic companion dog or cat were explored. Experiences of family members and professional caregivers were also examined. Design: This study used a mixed research design with pre- and post-questionnaires on depression and loneliness. Method: Quantitative data exploring the impact of companion pets on depression and loneliness were collected from participants pre-intervention and at 3- and 6-week intervals. Qualitative data were collected during the 6-week study period, permitting researchers to explore the impact of robotic companion pets on participants, family members, and professional caregivers. Findings: Results indicated depression (χ2F(2) = 21.29, p < 0.001) and loneliness (χ2F(2) = 21.11, p < 0.001…
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Associations Among Nurses' Mental/Physical Health, Lifestyle Behaviors, Shift Length, and Workplace Wellness Support During COVID-19: Important Implications for Health Care Systems.
Work cultures supportive of wellness and shorter shift length have been associated with better mental/physical health outcomes in nurses, but how the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic impacted such outcomes is not known. This study's aims were to (1) describe the mental/physical health, well-being, and healthy lifestyle behaviors of nurses during the pandemic; (2) explore the pandemic's impact on their health and healthy lifestyle behaviors; and (3) determine the associations of perceived workplace wellness support and shift length with nurses' health, well-being, and healthy lifestyle behaviors. A cross-sectional descriptive design was used with 264 nurses associated with Trusted Health. Nurses completed a survey containing valid and reliable scales measuring depression, anxiety, burnout and quality of life, perceived wellness culture, and healthy lifestyle behaviors. Results i…
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Anxiety disorders in adult ADHD: A frequent comorbidity and a risk factor for externalizing problems.
Introduction: ADHD is a common neurodevelopmental disorder and is highly prevalent in adults. It is associated with several negative outcomes, impacting well-being and global functioning. ADHD is highly associated with comorbidities, anxiety disorders being probably the most frequent. The goal of our study is to assess the prevalence of anxiety disorders and their impact in adults with ADHD.
Method: 353 individuals diagnosed with ADHD were recruited. Severity of ADHD was assessed as well as lifetime anxiety disorders and other psychiatric comorbidities. We performed logistic and linear regressions to test the impact of lifetime anxiety disorders on demographic and clinical variables.
Results: More than half of the patients had at least one anxiety disorder. The presence of comorbid anxiety disorders was associated with worse clinical presentation (positive history of suicide attempts, hi…
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The FACIT-Sp spiritual wellbeing scale: a factor analysis in patients with severe and/or life-limiting medical illnesses.
Background: The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being Scale (FACIT-Sp) is a widely used measure of spiritual wellbeing. However, consensus on the best factor structure for this measure has not been reached. Both a 2-factor (Meaning/Peace, Faith) and a 3-factor (Meaning, Peace, Faith) structure are reported in the literature. In this study, we examined the factorial structure of the FACIT-Sp in a population of patients with severe and/or life-limiting medical illnesses.
Methods: The present study is a part of a larger study that validated the National Institute of Health-Healing Experiences of All Life Stressors (NIH-HEALS), a measure of psycho-social-spiritual healing developed by the Pain and Palliative Care Service at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center (NIH-CC). The sample included 200 subjects who were recruited from the NIH Clinical Cent…
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The Effectiveness of Family Constellation Therapy in Reducing Psychopathological Symptoms in a Naturalistic Setting.
Background: The aim of this study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03233958) was to provide further evidence on the effectiveness and safety of family/systemic constellation therapy, a widely used but rarely investigated form of brief group psychotherapy.
Subjects and methods: Altogether, 102 individuals from the general population were followed up 1- and 6 months after their participation in the 2-day intervention. Indicators of general and problem-area-specific psychopathology, interpersonal quality of life, meaning in life, and general wellbeing were assessed. Both statistical and clinical significance were considered, and active surveillance of potential iatrogenic effects was also conducted.
Results: The data showed significant improvement post-intervention in the case of the vast majority of the 17 outcome variables. At 1-month follow-up, the magnitude of improvements was typical…
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Infertility-related stress: A concept analysis.
Aim: To develop a clear definition of infertility-related stress using Rodgers' method of concept analysis.
Background: Infertility affects approximately 13% of women in the United States. Though poorly defined in the literature, previous studies suggest infertility-related stressors contribute to psychological distress.
Design: Rodgers' method of concept analysis guided the review, including sample and setting, literature search, and data analysis.
Data source: PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were searched for relevant literature.
Review methods: Following abstract, title, and text screenings, 21 articles were included and reported using the PRISMA-S checklist. Texts were analyzed and results informed the proposed definition of infertility-related stress.
Results: Antecedents included infertility, desire for children, and fear of the unknown. Attributes were identity crisis, social isolati…
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Forgiveness and wellbeing after spinal cord injury: Perceived stress and adaptation to disability as mediators.
Purpose/objective: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a life-altering acquired disability. Understanding factors that contribute to adaption to disability and decreased SCI-related stress are critical to personal wellbeing and quality of life for SCI patients. Previous research suggests that forgiveness of others, self-forgiveness, and overall forgiveness are associated with psychological well-being in patients with other chronic illnesses. As such, dimensions of forgiveness may be relevant factors in restoring wellness in SCI patients. This study sought to examine a comprehensive model of the impact of forgiveness on multidimensional indicators of wellness.
Research method/design: We tested a path model of the impact of trait forgiveness on wellbeing outcomes in adults living with SCI (N = 312). Specifically, we examined 2 mediating pathways-lower perceived stress and higher adaption to disabi…
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The impact of dance activities on the health of persons with Parkinson's disease in Sweden.
Purpose: Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with motor and non-motor symptoms that negatively influence the person's quality of life. To reduce illness and increase quality of life, alternative treatments of PD such as dance might be experienced as beneficial. The aim of this study was to explore experiences of how a dance program in Sweden influences perceived physical, social, and emotional wellbeing in persons with PD.Method: A qualitative method with semi-structured interviews and content analysis was used, and 10 participants with variations in age, gender, and how long they had been diagnosed with the disease were interviewed. Results: The results showed that dancing was experienced as improving health, which implied feeling both calmed and excited, getting better sleep, and being able to move with more focus and freedom. The dance program was experienced as a social context th…
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Ferini-Strambi L, Auer R, Bjorvatn B, Castronovo V, Franco O, Gabutti L, Galbiati A, Hajak G, Khatami R, Kitajima T, McEvoy D, Nissen C, Perlis M, Pevernagie DA, Randerath W, Riemann D, Rizzo G, Van Someren E, Vgontzas A, Barazzoni F, Bassetti C, European Sleep Foundation (2021)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usEuropean journal of neurology42 citations Insomnia disorder: clinical and research challenges for the 21st century.
Background and purpose: Insomnia is a common and debilitating disorder that is frequently associated with important consequences for physical health and well-being.
Methods: An international expert group considered the current state of knowledge based on the most relevant publications in the previous 5 years, discussed the current challenges in the field of insomnia and identified future priorities.
Results: The association of trajectories of insomnia with subsequent quality of life, health and mortality should be investigated in large populations. Prospective health economics studies by separating the costs driven specifically by insomnia and costs attributable to its long-term effects are needed. Ignoring the heterogeneity of insomnia patients leads to inadequate diagnosis and inefficient treatment. Individualized interventions should be promoted. More data are needed on both the impac…
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Coroneos CJ, Lin YL, Sidey-Gibbons C, Asaad M, Chin B, Boukovalas S, Roubaud MS, Miggins M, Baumann DP, Offodile AC (2021)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJournal of the American College of Surgeons43 citations Correlation Between Financial Toxicity, Quality of Life, and Patient Satisfaction in an Insured Population of Breast Cancer Surgical Patients: A Single-Institution Retrospective Study.
Background: The relationship between treatment-related, cost-associated distress "financial toxicity" (FT) and quality-of life (QOL) in breast cancer patients remains poorly characterized. This study leverages validated patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) to analyze the association between FT and QOL and satisfaction among women undergoing ablative breast cancer surgery.
Study design: This is a single-institution cross-sectional survey of all female breast cancer patients (>18 years old) who underwent lumpectomy or mastectomy between January 2018 and June 2019. FT was measured via the 11-item COmprehensive Score for financial Toxicity (COST) instrument. The BREAST-Q and SF-12 were used to asses condition-specific and global QOL, respectively. Responses were linked with demographic and clinical data. Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariable regression were used to examine …
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Living with persistent insomnia after cancer: A qualitative analysis of impact and management.
Objectives: To conduct a qualitative exploration of the lived experience of insomnia disorder and its management amongst a sample of mixed-diagnoses cancer survivors.
Methods: Twenty-seven cancer survivors with persistent insomnia were recruited to this qualitative study following completion of treatment for breast (12), prostate (7), colorectal (7), and gynaecological (1) cancers. Eleven males and 16 females (mean age 62 years), who met DSM-5 criteria for insomnia disorder, contributed to one of four focus group discussions, designed to explore the lived experience of persistent insomnia and its management within cancer care services.
Results: Poor sleep was a persistently troubling complaint for participants, long after the completion of active cancer treatment. The impact of insomnia was significant for all participants, with six key domains emerging as those most affected: temperamen…
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Effectiveness of a One Day Self-Compassion Training for Pediatric Nurses' Resilience.
Background: Resilience is a critical skill for nurses and other healthcare professionals, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, yet few nurses receive training that promotes emotional awareness and regulation, resilience, and self-compassion.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand if attending a one-day workshop format of the Self Compassion for Healthcare Communities (SCHC) program would improve pediatric nurses' resilience, well-being, and professional quality of life.
Design and methods: Following a quasi-experimental design, pre, post, and follow-up surveys were acquired from 22 nurses who attended the training and 26 nurses who did not attend the training. In a linear mixed models regression analysis, changes in self-compassion, mindfulness, compassion, resilience, job engagement, professional quality of life (compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumati…
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Bidirectional longitudinal associations between loneliness and pain, and the role of inflammation.
Pain and loneliness are consistently associated, but the direction of the relationship is uncertain. We assessed bidirectional associations over a 4-year period in a sample of 4906 men and women (mean 65.1 ± 8.72 years) who were participants in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. The role of inflammation in these links was also investigated. Pain was defined by reports of being often troubled by pain at a moderate or severe intensity, whereas loneliness was measured using the shortened UCLA scale. Age, sex, ethnicity, educational attainment, wealth as a marker of socioeconomic resources, marital status, physical activity, and depressive symptoms were included as covariates. We found that baseline loneliness was associated with pain 4 years later after adjusting for baseline pain and other covariates (odds ratio [OR] = 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06-1.47, P = 0.007). Simila…
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Fan X, Guo X, Ren Z, Li X, He M, Shi H, Zha S, Qiao S, Zhao H, Li Y, Pu Y, Liu H, Zhang X (2021)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJournal of affective disorders87 citations The prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors in middle-aged and elderly Chinese people.
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and associated factors in middle-aged and elderly people in China.
Methods: Data were obtained from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) 2018. We selected 16,767 respondents over the age of 45 as samples for research and analysis. A short version of the Center for Epidemiological Research Depression Scale (CES-D) was used to assess depressive symptoms. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to explore the related factors of depressive symptoms. Back Propagation neural network model was established to examine the ranking of influencing factors of depressive symptoms.
Results: There was 24.1% prevalence of depressive symptoms among the respondents. The 14 important variables affecting depressive symptoms were screened out with the multivariable logistic regression. Based on the BP n…
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Patient and caregiver characteristics associated with caregiver burden in Parkinson's disease: a palliative care approach.
Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with caregiver burden. Higher rates of burden are associated with adverse outcomes for caregivers and patients. Our aim was to understand patient and caregiver predictors of caregiver burden in PD from a palliative care approach.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from PD patients and caregivers in a randomized trial of outpatient palliative care at three study sites: University of Colorado, University of Alberta, and University of California San Francisco. The primary outcome measure of caregiver burden, the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), was compared against the following patient and caregiver variables: site of care, age, disease/caretaking duration, presence of atypical parkinsonism, race, income, education level, deep brain stimulation status, the Unified Parkinson's Disease…
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Humbel F, Rieder JH, Franc Y, Juillerat P, Scharl M, Misselwitz B, Schreiner P, Begré S, Rogler G, von Känel R, Yilmaz B, Biedermann L, Swiss IBD Cohort Study Group (2020)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usClinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association101 citations Association of Alterations in Intestinal Microbiota With Impaired Psychological Function in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in Remission.
Background & aims: Depression and anxiety are frequent comorbidities with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Alterations to the intestinal microbiome promote not only intestinal inflammation but also psychologic function. We studied the interactions between the composition of the intestinal microbiota and psychological outcomes in patients with IBD in Switzerland.
Methods: We performed a prospective study of psychological comorbidities and quality of life (QoL) in 171 participants in the Swiss IBD Cohort Study with IBD in remission. Participants complete the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Perceived Stress Questionnaire, the 36-Item Short Form Survey, and the IBD QoL Questionnaire. Microbes were collected from intestinal biopsies and analyzed by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing.
Results: Microbiomes of patients with higher perceived stress had significantly lower alpha diversit…
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Spiritual care - 'A deeper immunity' - A response to Covid-19 pandemic.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has presented unprecedented health challenges across all strata in society throughout the world. The COVID experience has caused us to reflect on quality of life, health and well-being and, just as important, end of life. During this time, spiritual care forms a vital component of holistic health management, especially in terms of coping, coming to terms with illness, suffering and ultimately death. The relationship with the transcendent or sacred has a strong influence on a people's beliefs, attitudes, emotions and behaviour. Populations, communities, families and individuals have always found solace through their religious or philosophical beliefs during times of personal adversity and widespread anxiety or disaster. Although spiritual care has always been a part of the domain of religious beliefs, a more contemporary perspective is that spiritual ca…
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[Intervention focused on resources to reduce anxiety and depression disorders in cancer patients: A pilot study].
Introduction: Cancer, a widespread chronic disease, represented 400,000 diagnoses in France in 2017. The diagnoses as well as the treatments are a major source of stress for most patients concerned. Secondary effects may be painful and disturbing (pain, nausea, fatigue, loss of social and/or professional status, anxiety of death), and may lead to maladaptive coping strategies (avoidant coping), psychological inflexibility, anxiety, depression, and suicide risks which are twice as important as in the general population. Research in the field of psychotherapy for cancer patients represents an important international target, in particular in what concerns enhanced patient quality of life during and after treatment. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction, as well as adapted physical activity have shown promising results to enhance patients' quality of life at differ…
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A social robot intervention on depression, loneliness, and quality of life for Taiwanese older adults in long-term care.
Objectives: To investigate the effect of a social robot intervention on depression, loneliness, and quality of life of older adults in long-term care (LTC) and to explore participants' experiences and perceptions after the intervention.
Design: A mixed-methods approach consisting of a single group, before and after quasi-experimental design, and individual interview.
Participants: Twenty older adults with depression from four LTC facilities in Taiwan were recruited.
Intervention: Each participant participated in 8 weeks of observation and 8 weeks of intervention. In the observation stage, participants received usual care or activities without any research intervention. In the intervention stage, each participant was given a Paro (Personal Assistive RobOt) to keep for 24 hours, 7 days a week.
Measurements: The Geriatric Depression Scale, the UCLA Loneliness Scale Version 3, and the World …
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Mindfulness for healthcare providers fosters professional quality of life and mindful attention among emergency medical technicians.
Objective: Emergency medical service (EMS) providers are systematically subjected to intense stimuli in their work that may result in distress and emotional suffering. While it is known that mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) helps to foster well-being in healthcare workers, the effectiveness of MBSR among EMS providers is less understood. We explored the impact of a modified version of MBSR for healthcare workers called Mindfulness for Healthcare Providers (MHP) on reducing distress and promoting wellbeing in EMS providers.
Methods: A one-arm pilot study was conducted. We implemented eight two-and-a-half hour sessions of Mindfulness for Healthcare Providers with an additional day-long retreat at the end. Feasibility, perceived stress, professional quality of life, and trait mindfulness were assessed prior to and after the intervention. The professional quality of life scale inclu…
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Physical Activity Changes and Its Risk Factors among Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults during the COVID-19 Epidemic: Associations with Subjective Well-Being and Health-Related Quality of Life.
Psychological distress caused by decreased physical activity (PA) is a growing concern among the elderly due to public health measures since the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). We aimed to (1) assess how public health restrictions impact PA, subjective well-being (SWB), and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of community-dwelling elderly, and (2) investigate risk factors that lead to a decline in PA. Self-administered questionnaires assessed the changes in PA, SWB, HRQoL. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify significant associated risk factors for decreased PA. Of 165 participants (valid response rate, 41.3%; mean age, 78.5 ± 8.0 years), 47.3% became less active, 23.0% became more active, and 29.7% maintained PA levels. There was a significant decrease in SWB at baseline and follow-up after COVID-19 restrictions in the less active group (p < 0.01). High…
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