Positive functioning as an outcome in its own right.
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3526 to 3550 of 6,178Decomposition of Quality-Adjusted Life Expectancy Inequalities by Mortality and Health-Related Quality of Life Dimensions.
Background: Quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) combines mortality risk and multidimensional health-related quality of life (HRQoL) information to measure healthy life expectancy in terms of quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). This paper estimates the relative importance of individual quality of life dimensions in explaining inequalities in QALE.
Methods: We combined EQ-5D-5L data from the Health Survey for England for 2017 and 2018 (N = 14,412) with full population mortality data from the Office for National Statistics to calculate QALE by age, sex and deprivation quintile. The effect of HRQoL dimensions on the socioeconomic gradient in QALE was decomposed using an iterative imputation approach, in which inequalities associated with socioeconomic status in each domain were removed by imputing the response distribution of the richest quintile for all participants. Sampling uncertain…
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Follow-up outcomes of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) for patients with chronic, treatment-resistant depression.
Background: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is an evidence-based treatment for depression. The current study focused on the long-term outcomes of MBCT for chronically, treatment-resistant depressed patients during a 6-months follow-up period. Additionally, predictors of treatment outcomes were explored.
Method: The outcomes of MBCT on depressive symptoms, remission rates, quality of life, rumination, mindfulness skills and self-compassion were investigated in a cohort of chronically, treatment-resistant depressed outpatients (N = 106), who had taken part in an RCT comparing MBCT with treatment-as-usual (TAU). Measures were assessed pre-MBCT, post-MBCT, at 3-months follow-up, and at 6-months follow-up.
Results: Results of linear mixed effect models and Bayesian repeated measures ANOVA's reveal that depressive symptoms, quality of life, rumination, mindfulness skills and self-co…
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Spiritual Wellbeing and Quality of Life among Hemodialysis Patients in Jordan: A Cross-Sectional Correlational Study.
Purpose: Nursing research studies investigating the relationship between spiritual wellbeing and health-related quality of life are lacking among Arab hemodialysis patients in Jordan or any other Arab country. The purpose of this study was to explore the associations between spiritual wellbeing, its religious and existential wellbeing dimensions, and health-related quality of life among Jordanian Muslim hemodialysis patients. Design: A cross sectional, quantitative correlational study. Methods: A convenience sample of 150 Jordanian hemodialysis patients completed a structured, self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate regression models were used. Findings: The Jordanian hemodialysis patients had a moderate level of spiritual wellbeing and religious wellbeing, a low level of existential wellbeing, and a poor health-related quality of life. The findings reve…
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Women's experience of infertility & treatment - A silent grief and failed care and support.
Infertility is one of the components of sexual and reproductive health and rights, but is not as widely addressed as pregnancy, birth, and contraception. Infertility is a global problem, and it is estimated that around 186 million individuals are affected worldwide. Infertility and infertility treatment impact on women's overall wellbeing including their mental, emotional, sexual and spiritual health. Anxiety and depression is prevalent in these women. This study sought to explore the experiences of women going through infertility and IVF in a global context. This study is a metasynthesis with a meta-ethnographic analysis design based on 19 qualitative research studies, including 503 women, focusing on women's experiences of infertility and IVF treatments. Three main themes were identified; the personal reproductive trauma, the impact of and on relationships, and being failed by the heal…
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Families under pressure: stress and quality of life in parents of children with an intellectual disability.
Objective: To evaluate stress and quality of life in parents of children with an intellectual disability (moderate-severe-profound), who attend a Child and Adolescent Mental Health Intellectual Disability Service (CAMHS ID), and to estimate the perceived levels of challenging behaviour and satisfaction with supports.
Methods: Data from children attending the service from 2014 to 2017, along with clinician and parent rating scales were collected.
Results: Most children had medical comorbidities, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and challenging behaviours. Half had a diagnosis of a mental health disorder. Less than half received respite care. Challenging behaviours and ASD were found to be correlated with increased parental stress while perception of support was inversely correlated with stress. Intellectual disability, ASD, and parental stress were correlated with a decrease in perceived f…
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Meaningful Work, Happiness at Work, and Turnover Intentions.
It has been documented that there is a positive relationship between a worker's subjective well-being and productivity, and individuals who are happy in their work have a better attitude when performing activities: happier employees are more productive. Turnover intention, on the other hand, may arise from various factors rather than merely the need to increase a salary, as the traditional economic theory states. The fact that the work performed does not contribute to the worker's life purpose, that there might be a bad relationship with colleagues, or else might play a role in the search for a new job. This study aims to show the relevance of meaningful work in happiness at work and turnover intention. Data from 937 professionals, in 2019, in Mexico were analyzed. Regression analyses were used to assess the impact of meaningful work on happiness at work and turnover intention. Results s…
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Use of participatory action research to support Syrian refugee mothers in the resettlement period in Canada: A longitudinal study.
Research has shown that refugees in a foreign country often experience physical and mental health challenges upon resettlement (Ahmad et al., 2021; Salam et al., 2022). In Canada, refugee women experience a range of physical and mental barriers, including poor access to interpreter services and transportation, and a lack of accessible childcare, all of which can negatively affect their successful integration (Stirling Cameron et al., 2022). Social factors that support Syrian refugees to settle successfully in Canada have been unexplored systematically. This study examines these factors from the perspectives of Syrian refugee mothers living in the province of British Columbia (BC). Framed by principles of intersectionality and community-based participatory action research (PAR), the study draws on Syrian mothers' perspectives of social support in early, middle, and later phases of resettl…
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Geerlings AD, Kapelle WM, Sederel CJ, Tenison E, Wijngaards-Berenbroek H, Meinders MJ, Munneke M, Ben-Shlomo Y, Bloem BR, Darweesh SKL (2023)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usBMC medicine40 citations Caregiver burden in Parkinson's disease: a mixed-methods study.
Background: Providing informal care for a person with Parkinson's disease (PD) can be a demanding process affecting several dimensions of a caregiver's life and potentially causing caregiver burden. Despite the emerging literature on caregiver burden in people with PD, little is known about the inter-relationship between quantitative and qualitative findings. Filling this knowledge gap will provide a more holistic approach to develop and design innovations aiming at reducing or even preventing caregiver burden. This study aimed to characterize the determinants of caregiver burden among informal caregivers of persons with PD, in order to facilitate the development of tailored interventions that reduce caregiver burden.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in The Netherlands using a sequential mixed methods approach, entailing a quantitative study of 504 persons with PD and their …
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Whitcroft KL, Altundag A, Balungwe P, Boscolo-Rizzo P, Douglas R, Enecilla MLB, Fjaeldstad AW, Fornazieri MA, Frasnelli J, Gane S, Gudziol H, Gupta N, Haehner A, Hernandez AK, Holbrook EH, Hopkins C, Hsieh JW, Huart C, Husain S, Kamel R, Kim JK, Kobayashi M, Konstantinidis I, Landis BN, Lechner M, Macchi A, Mazal PP, Miri I, Miwa T, Mori E, Mullol J, Mueller CA, Ottaviano G, Patel ZM, Philpott C, Pinto JM, Ramakrishnan VR, Roth Y, Schlosser RJ, Stjärne P, Van Gerven L, Vodicka J, Welge-Luessen A, Wormald PJ, Hummel T (2023)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usRhinology114 citations Position paper on olfactory dysfunction: 2023
Background: Since publication of the original Position Paper on Olfactory Dysfunction in 2017 (PPOD-17), the personal and societal burden of olfactory disorders has come sharply into focus through the lens of the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinicians, scientists and the public are now more aware of the importance of olfaction, and the impact of its dysfunction on quality of life, nutrition, social relationships and mental health. Accordingly, new basic, translational and clinical research has resulted in significant progress since the PPOD-17. In this updated document, we present and discuss currently available evidence for the diagnosis and management of olfactory dysfunction. Major updates to the current version include, amongst others: new recommendations on olfactory related terminology; new imaging recommendations; new sections on qualitative OD and COVID-19 OD; updated management section. …
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Otten MH, Buysse CMP, Buddingh EP, Terheggen-Lagro SWJ, von Asmuth EGJ, de Sonnaville ESV, Ketharanathan N, Bunker-Wiersma HE, Haverman L, Hogenbirk K, de Hoog M, Humblet M, Joosten KFM, Kneyber MCJ, Krabben G, Lemson J, Maas NM, Maebe S, Roeleveld PP, van Schooneveld M, Timmers-Raaijmaakers B, van Waardenburg D, Walker JC, Wassenberg R, van Woensel JBM, de Wit E, Wolthuis DW, van Zwol A, Oostrom KJ, Knoester H, Dulfer K (2023)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usPediatric critical care medicine : a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies30 citations Neurocognitive, Psychosocial, and Quality of Life Outcomes After Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Admitted to the PICU.
Objectives: To investigate neurocognitive, psychosocial, and quality of life (QoL) outcomes in children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) seen 3-6 months after PICU admission.
Design: National prospective cohort study March 2020 to November 2021.
Setting: Seven PICUs in the Netherlands.
Patients: Children with MIS-C (0-17 yr) admitted to a PICU.
Interventions: None.
Measurements and main results: Children and/or parents were seen median (interquartile range [IQR] 4 mo [3-5 mo]) after PICU admission. Testing included assessment of neurocognitive, psychosocial, and QoL outcomes with reference to Dutch pre-COVID-19 general population norms. Effect sizes (Hedges' g ) were used to indicate the strengths and clinical relevance of differences: 0.2 small, 0.5 medium, and 0.8 and above large. Of 69 children with MIS-C, 49 (median age 11.6 yr [IQR 9.3-15.6 yr]) attended fo…
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Islam N, Bhuiyan AKMMR, Alam A, Chowdhury MK, Biswas J, Banik PC, Molla MMA, Kowshik MM, Sarker M, Ahmed N (2023)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usPloS one7 citations Coping strategy among the women with metastatic breast cancer attending a palliative care unit of a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh.
Background: Breast cancer is one of the leading cancers among the Bangladeshi women. Coping helps these patients to adjust with this life-changing disease. Each individual has unique and different coping mechanism. But we know a little regarding their coping strategies. This study aims to explore the different coping strategies adopted by the women with metastatic (stage IV) breast cancer attending the palliative care unit and their relationship with the common mental health issues like anxiety and depression.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 95 patients with metastatic (stage IV) breast cancer attending the Department of Palliative Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Bangladesh from April 2021 to September 2021. Data was collected by face-to-face interview using a structured questionnaire adapted from Hospital Depression and Anxiety Scale (HADS)…
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Jackson Levin N, Tan CY, Stelmak D, Iannarino NT, Zhang A, Ellman E, Herrel LA, Walling EB, Moravek MB, Chugh R, Haymart MR, Zebrack B (2023)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJournal of adolescent and young adult oncology24 citations Banking on Fertility Preservation: Financial Concern for Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Patients Considering Oncofertility Services.
Purpose: Financial concern is a major issue for adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients. Furthermore, unaddressed oncofertility challenges (e.g., infertility) are linked to psychological distress and decreased overall quality of life. Little is known about how financial concern in terms of oncofertility (i.e., concern regarding affording fertility preservation [FP] services) impacts AYAs' decision making and experiences. Methods: AYA cancer patients (n = 27) aged 12-25 years whose cancer treatment conferred risk of infertility were recruited through electronic health record query. Participants completed semi-structured interviews, which were recorded, transcribed, and deductively coded for themes related to information needs, knowledge of treatment effects on fertility, and reproductive concerns after cancer. Emergent, inductive themes related to financial concern were identifie…
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Impact of chronic sleep deprivation and sleep recovery on hippocampal oligodendrocytes, anxiety-like behavior, spatial learning and memory of rats.
Sleep and its quality play an important role in memory, cognition, and quality of life. Sleep deprivation-induced changes in hippocampal neurons and behavior have been studied widely, in contrast, the extent of damage to oligodendrocytes have not been fully understood. The present study aims to investigate chronic sleep deprivation (CSD) and sleep recovery-induced changes in oligodendrocytes of the hippocampus, cognition, and behavior of rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 48) were grouped as control, sham control (SC), CSD, and CSD+sleep recovery (CSD+SR) (n = 12/group). CSD and CSD+SR group rats were sleep deprived for 21-days. After CSD, the CSD+SR group rats sleep recovered for 21-days. Oxidative markers, CNPase+ve oligodendrocytes, CNPase intensity, and CNPase gene expression were measured in the hippocampus, and the anxiety-like behavior, spatial learning, and memory were assessed.…
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Experience of Physical Activity in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Qualitative Study.
Background: Physical activity plays an important role in the recovery of breast cancer survivors. However, previous studies have shown that most breast cancer survivors have inadequate levels of physical activity.
Objective: This study aimed to explore the influencing factors of physical activity in breast cancer survivors.
Methods: Twelve participants aged 38 to 65 years who had completed surgery and related treatment for breast cancer were recruited from the outpatient service of a hospital in Daqing, China. The phenomenological method was used in this qualitative research. Semistructured interviews were conducted to explore the influencing factors of physical activity in breast cancer survivors. Colaizzi's 7-step analysis method was used to code the data and identify descriptive themes.
Results: Four themes affecting the daily physical activity of breast cancer patients were extracted…
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Parents' experiences of their child's transition from tube to oral feeding during an intensive intervention programme.
Background: Persistent enteral tube feeding beyond the point of medical and/or physical necessity provides important nutrition to a child but may have implications for their development, gastrointestinal tract and quality of life. Tube dependency can affect parent-child relationships and sibling and family dynamics and place additional medical demands upon parents. It is therefore important to transition children from tube to oral eating and drinking as soon as is medically safe to do so. Tube weaning requires a skilled team to support the transition to oral intake; however, access to experienced teams is inconsistent. Without transparent discussions with their treating teams, many parents are left to navigate tube weaning options independently.
Methods: Fourteen parents were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. We explored the experiences of parents across their child's progres…
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Characteristics and value of 'meaningful activity' for people living with dementia in residential aged care facilities: "You're still part of the world, not just existing".
Most residential aged care facilities support residents to participate in activities and the importance of activities that are suited to individual preferences and abilities is widely acknowledged. Participating in activities, including those considered to be 'meaningful' has the potential to improve residents' quality of life. However, what makes activities meaningful for people living with dementia in residential aged care facilities is unclear. The aim of this study was to understand the key characteristics of 'meaningful activity' in residential aged care facilities and the perceived value of residents participating in these activities. Using a qualitative study design, this study explored 'meaningful activities' from the perspectives of people living with dementia in residential aged care facilities, their family members and staff. Across four residential aged care facilities, resid…
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Religious affiliation and oral health-related quality of life: a cross-sectional study based on a nationally representative survey in Germany.
Background: Studies have shown an association between a person's religiosity, and physical as well as psychological, health status. However, results differ between certain religious affiliations. While good oral health is important for our overall health and wellbeing, research on religious affiliation and oral health status, specifically oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), is lacking. Thus, our aim was to investigate the association between religious affiliation and OHRQoL.
Methods: A nationally representative online survey (n = 3,075 individuals) was conducted in August/September 2021. The mean age was 44.5 years (SD: 14.8 years, 18 to 70 years) and 51.1% of the individuals were female. OHRQoL was measured using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-G5). Religious affiliation served as key explanatory variable. Several covariates were included in regression analyses.
Results: …
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Women's knowledge and attitudes to the menopause: a comparison of women over 40 who were in the perimenopause, post menopause and those not in the peri or post menopause.
Objectives: To evaluate women's knowledge and attitudes towards the menopause by comparing three groups of women: perimenopause, post menopause and those women not in either the peri or post menopause (other).
Methods: A 35 question online survey was advertised on social media to evaluate women's attitudes and knowledge of the menopause. Three groups of women were compared: perimenopause, post menopause and those women not in either the peri or post menopause (other).
Results: Most women were completely uninformed or only had some knowledge of the menopause before the age of 40. Most women thought that the menopause should be taught at school, but over 80% had received no menopause education at school themselves. The most popular sources of menopause information were independent websites and friends. Perimenopausal women were significantly more likely than postmenopausal women to use onl…
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Respect Your Elders: Generativity and Life Satisfaction in Caregiving Grandparents.
Erikson's theory of psychosocial development defines generativity as the drive to benefit future generations and leave a legacy. Generativity has been shown to predict life satisfaction, but generative concern and action can be impacted by factors such as perceived respect from younger generations. This study utilized caregiving grandparents aged 40 and older to assess the extent to which perceived respect mediated the relation between generativity and life satisfaction. Perceived respect from a grandchild mediated the relation between generative concern expressed by caregiving grandparents and life satisfaction after controlling for demographic variables that have been shown to influence heterogeneity and overall well-being in caregiving grandparent samples. These findings suggest that the relation between life satisfaction and generativity in grandparents may depend, in part, on percei…
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The challenges of returning to work for differentiated thyroid cancer survivors in china: a qualitative study.
Purpose: Although thyroid cancer survivors have a good prognosis and the survival rate of differentiated thyroid cancer is close to 100%, treatment and its side effects seriously affect the quality of life of patients, especially rehabilitation at work. The purpose of this study was to explore the challenges faced by differentiated thyroid cancer survivors in returning to work and maintaining employment.
Methods: A purposive sample of differentiated thyroid cancer patients who had undergone surgical treatment and were followed up at the outpatient departments of thyroid surgery wards of two tertiary care hospitals in Jiangsu Province, China, between January and March 2023, were subjected to semi-structured interviews. An inductive content analysis was conducted to identify themes.
Results: A total of 27 participants, aged 23-56 years, were interviewed. Three themes and eight subthemes we…
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Humility, Personality, and Psychological Functioning.
As part of the shift to a more positive psychology, researchers have demonstrated a relatively new and intense fascination with humility. Following a discussion of this construct and its correlates, we investigate how humility relates to personality dimensions, anxiety and depression, love of life and happiness, and self-efficacy in two samples-college students and adult Mturk workers. In both studies, we used the Dual Dimension Humility Scale, a measure that does not conflate the construct with honesty. Among students (N = 399), aspects humility correlated with dimensions of personality (more conscientiousness and openness, and less agreeableness and neuroticism), less depression, more love of life and happiness, and stronger social self-efficacy. Although fewer associations were found, overall, among adults (N = 509), aspects of humility correlated with dimensions of personality, less …
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General practitioner assessment and management of insomnia in adults.
Background: Sleep disturbance is among the most prevalent presentations in Australian general practice. Insomnia, the most common sleep disorder, is associated with impaired daytime, social and occupational function, reduced quality of life and substantially increased risk of future depression. Guidelines from Australian and international general practice, sleep and medical societies strongly recommend cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-i) as the first-line treatment for chronic insomnia. This is because CBT-i targets the underlying causes of insomnia, results in sustained improvements and commonly improves comorbid conditions such as depression and pain.
Objective: This article aims to provide an overview of evidence-based assessment, management and referral options for insomnia in Australian general practice.
Discussion: Access to brief insomnia assessment and evidenced-ba…
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Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health and well-being of adults with mental health conditions in the UK: a qualitative interview study.
Background: People with mental health conditions have been identified as particularly vulnerable to poor mental health during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, why this population have faced these adverse effects, how they have experienced them and how they have coped remains under-explored.
Aims: To explore how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the mental health of people with existing mental health conditions, and to identify coping strategies for positive mental health.
Methods: Semi-structured qualitative interviews with 22 people with mental health conditions. Participants were purposively recruited via social media, study newsletters and third sector mental health organisations. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.
Results: Participants were aged 23-70 (mean age 43), predominantly female (59.1%) and of white ethnicity (68.2%). Fifty percent we…
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Grit and Health-Related Quality of Life in Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer: Mediating Role of Health Self-Efficacy and Treatment Adherence.
Objective: Challenges with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) are common among adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer. Literature on HRQOL has largely been focused on individual deficits, rather than individual strengths. The present study investigated the relations between a strengths-based concept called grit (i.e., perseverance and passion for long-term goals), self-management (i.e., health self-efficacy and adherence), and HRQOL among AYA with cancer.
Methods: Sixty-seven AYA receiving cancer treatment (Mage=17.1; 50.7% female; 25.4% Black, Hispanic, Asian, or a race other than white) and their caregivers (73.0% mothers) completed a semistructured, validated interview about adherence. AYA also completed self-report questionnaires about perceptions of their grit, health self-efficacy, and HRQOL.
Results: After controlling for sex, health self-efficacy (i.e., a cognitive se…
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Siwik CJ, Jhaveri K, Cohen JA, Barulich M, Chang A, Levin AO, Goyal NG, Melisko M, Chesney MA, Shumay D (2023)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usSupportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer4 citations Survivorship wellness: a multidisciplinary group program for cancer survivors.
Purpose: National mandates require cancer centers provide comprehensive survivorship care. We created an 8-session, group intervention, the Survivorship Wellness Group Program (SWGP), that covered 8 topics: nutrition, physical activity, stress, sleep/fatigue, sexuality/body image, emotional wellbeing/fear of cancer recurrence, spirituality/meaning, and health promotion/goal setting. This study examined the acceptability and preliminary outcomes of SWGP.
Methods: We evaluated SWGP using questionnaire data collected at program entry and 15-week follow-up. Questionnaires assessed acceptability and impact on anxiety, depression, quality of life, and perceived knowledge of topics. Enrollees who consented to participate in research and completed the baseline and 15-week follow-up were included in the analysis (N = 53). We assessed acceptability and preliminary outcomes using paired-samples t-t…
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