Positive functioning as an outcome in its own right.
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201 to 225 of 6,178Effects of Web-Based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Health-Related Outcomes Among Patients With Lung Cancer: A Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial.
Objective: To identify the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of web-based acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on health-related outcomes in patients with lung cancer.
Methods: A feasibility, prospective, parallel, individual-based, assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial was designed. This study was conducted at a third-level hospital in Sichuan Province, China. A total of 101 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to usual care group or 7-weekly web-based acceptance and commitment therapy group. The primary outcome was feasibility and acceptability of the intervention, and the secondary outcomes including quality of life, psychological flexibility, anxiety, depression, fatigue, and sleep disturbance. Generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the group differences. All analyses followed the principle of intention-to-treat.
Results: Web-based AC…
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Sandhu AT, Zheng J, Kalwani NM, Gupta A, Calma J, Skye M, Lan R, Yu B, Spertus JA, Heidenreich PA (2023)randomised controlled trialMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usCirculation. Heart failure42 citations Impact of Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement in Heart Failure Clinic on Clinician Health Status Assessment and Patient Experience: A Substudy of the PRO-HF Trial.
Background: Clinicians typically estimate heart failure health status using the New York Heart Association Class, which is often discordant with patient-reported health status. It is unknown whether collecting patient-reported health status improves the accuracy of clinician assessments.
Methods: The PRO-HF trial (Patient-Reported Outcomes in Heart Failure Clinic) is a randomized, nonblinded trial evaluating routine Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-12 (KCCQ-12) collection in heart failure clinic. Patients with a scheduled visit to Stanford heart failure clinic between August 30, 2021 and June 30, 2022 were enrolled and randomized to KCCQ-12 assessment or usual care. In this prespecified substudy, we evaluated whether access to the KCCQ-12 improved the accuracy of clinicians' New York Heart Association assessment or patients' perspectives on their clinician interaction. We surveye…
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Effectiveness of a multicomponent intervention to reduce social isolation and loneliness in community-dwelling elders: A randomized clinical trial.
Aims: To assess the effect of a multicomponent intervention on reducing social isolation and loneliness and improving the quality of life in community-dwelling older adults.
Design: A cluster-randomized controlled clinical trial.
Methods: A total of 56 older adults participated in the control group and 63 older adults in the experimental group. The intervention consisted of 6 home-based face-to-face sessions, intercalated with 5 telephone calls and was conducted by nursing students and volunteer staff with experience in the subject. The study was conducted between April 2018 and December 2019. In terms of statistical analysis, several procedures were carried out: a statistical analysis per protocol and intention to treat, considering isolation, loneliness and quality of life as endpoints; a comparison of paired means, to analyse the behaviour of the outcome variables at baseline and the …
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The effect of laughter yoga on loneliness, psychological resilience, and quality of life in older adults: A pilot randomized controlled trial.
This study aims to examine how laughter yoga affects the loneliness, psychological resilience, and quality of life of older adults living in a nursing home. The sample of this intervention study, made using a control group with a pretest/posttest design, consists of 65 older adults living in Turkey. The data were collected in September 2022 using the Personal Information Form, the Loneliness Scale for the Elderly, the Brief Psychological Resilience Scale, and the Quality of Life Scale for the Elderly. The intervention group (n=32) took part in laughter yoga twice a week for four weeks. No intervention was made with the control group (n=33). A statistically significant difference was found between the groups' mean post-test scores for loneliness, psychological resilience, and quality of life (p < 0.05) after the laughter yoga sessions. The eight-session laughter yoga program was found to …
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Li M, Chan CWH, Chan D, Li X, Zhang M, Zhang H, Feng L, Huang L, Mielke R, Du J (2023)randomised controlled trialMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usBJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology5 citations The effectiveness of WeChat couple-based psychosocial support for gynaecological cancer: A randomised controlled trial.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an 8-week electronic couple-based psychosocial support platform (WeChat) for gynaecological cancer.
Design: Randomised controlled trial.
Setting: Oncology hospital in Shaanxi Province, China.
Participants: A total of 98 dyads of women with gynaecological cancer and their intimate male partners were included.
Methods: Couple dyads were randomly allocated to either the WeChat couple-based psychosocial support or to a control group receiving eight WeChat articles on general education content related to diet and exercise.
Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was sexual function assessed with the Female Sexual Function Index. The secondary outcomes of relationship satisfaction and quality of life were assessed with the Chinese version of Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General and The W…
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Randell E, Wright M, Milosevic S, Gillespie D, Brookes-Howell L, Busse-Morris M, Hastings R, Maboshe W, Williams-Thomas R, Mills L, Romeo R, Yaziji N, McKigney AM, Ahuja A, Warren G, Glarou E, Delport S, McNamara R (2022)randomised controlled trialMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usHealth technology assessment (Winchester, England)23 citations Sensory integration therapy for children with autism and sensory processing difficulties: the SenITA RCT.
Background: Carers report unmet need for occupational therapy services addressing sensory difficulties in autism, yet insufficient evidence exists to recommend a therapeutic approach.
Objectives: Our aim was to determine the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of sensory integration therapy for children with autism and sensory difficulties across behavioural, functional and quality-of-life outcomes.
Design: We carried out a parallel-group randomised controlled trial, incorporating an internal pilot and a process evaluation. Randomisation utilised random permuted blocks.
Setting and participants: Children were recruited via services and self-referral in Wales and England. Inclusion criteria were having an autism diagnosis, being in mainstream primary education and having definite/probable sensory processing difficulties. Exclusion criteria were having current/previous sensory in…
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The effect of a Mediterranean diet on the symptoms of depression in young males (the "AMMEND: A Mediterranean Diet in MEN with Depression" study): a randomized controlled trial.
Background: Depression is a common mental health condition that affects 1 in 8 males each year, especially young adults. Young adulthood offers an opportunity for early dietary interventions, with research suggesting that a Mediterranean diet (MD) could be beneficial in treating depression.
Objectives: This study aimed to determine if an MD can improve depressive symptoms in young males with clinical depression.
Methods: A 12-wk, parallel-group, open-label, randomized controlled trial was conducted to assess the effect of an MD intervention in the treatment of moderate to severe depression in young males (18-25 y). Befriending therapy was chosen for the control group. Assessments were taken at baseline, week 6, and week 12. MD adherence was measured with the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Score (MEDAS). The primary outcome measure was the Beck Depression Inventory Scale-version II (BDI-II)…
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Evaluation of an individualized, tablet-based physiotherapy training programme for patients with Parkinson's disease: the ParkProTrain study, a quasi-randomised controlled trial.
Background: Regular physical activity is of great relevance in Parkinson's disease (PD). It is part of the inpatient multimodal Parkinson's complex treatment (MKP) in Germany. However, there is often a lack of human resources in outpatient settings to continue an interprofessional approach. A large proportion of PD patients live a predominantly sedentary lifestyle and do not get enough exercise.
Methods: The intervention group (IG) used a tablet-based physiotherapy training programme at home for a period of nine months. We conducted a quasi-randomised longitudinal study with three measurement times (at the beginning (t0) and end of MKP (t1) and at 9 months after MKP (t2)). The primary outcome measured was PD-specific quality of life using the PDQ-8. The secondary outcome focused on participation restrictions, falling anxiety, sleep disorder, anxiety and depression as well as comorbidity,…
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Manoogian ENC, Zadourian A, Lo HC, Gutierrez NR, Shoghi A, Rosander A, Pazargadi A, Ormiston CK, Wang X, Sui J, Hou Z, Fleischer JG, Golshan S, Taub PR, Panda S (2022)randomised controlled trialMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usCell metabolism149 citations Feasibility of time-restricted eating and impacts on cardiometabolic health in 24-h shift workers: The Healthy Heroes randomized control trial.
Over a quarter of the workforce in industrialized countries does shift work, which increases the risk for cardiometabolic disease. Yet shift workers are often excluded from lifestyle intervention studies to reduce this risk. In a randomized control trial with 137 firefighters who work 24-h shifts (23-59 years old, 9% female), 12 weeks of 10-h time-restricted eating (TRE) was feasible, with TRE participants decreasing their eating window (baseline, mean 14.13 h, 95% CI 13.78-14.47 h; intervention, 11.13 h, 95% CI 10.73-11.54 h, p = 3.29E-17) with no adverse effects, and improved quality of life assessed via SF-36 (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03533023). Compared to the standard of care (SOC) arm, TRE significantly decreased VLDL particle size. In participants with elevated cardiometabolic risks at baseline, there were significant reductions in TRE compared to SOC in glycated hemoglobin A1C and …
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Wu Y, Liu L, Zheng W, Zheng C, Xu M, Chen X, Li W, Xie L, Zhang P, Zhu X, Zhan C, Zhou C (2021)randomised controlled trialMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usSupportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer9 citations Effect of prolonged expressive writing on health outcomes in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.
Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the effects of prolonged expressive writing on health outcomes in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy to help understand how the dosage of an expressive writing intervention might moderate its effects.
Methods: A total of 112 breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy were randomly allocated to the expressive writing group (n = 56) or the prolonged expressive writing group (n = 56). The expressive writing group received the standard expressive writing intervention based on Pennebaker's prompt to write for at least 20 min over four consecutive days (4 sessions). The prolonged expressive writing group used a modified prompt: write for at least 20 min 3 times a week over a 4-week period (12 sessions); patients could choose whether to write on consecutive days or not. All participants were required to write about their stressor-related upse…
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The effect of solution-focused counseling on violence rate and quality of life of pregnant women at risk of domestic violence: a randomized controlled trial.
Background: Domestic violence during pregnancy as one of the most common social problems and major challenges of health systems can affect the health of the mother and fetus. The study aimed to compare the two groups of intervention based on solution-focused counseling and control in terms of violence and quality of life amounts in women who had experienced domestic violence.
Methods: A randomized controlled trial on 90 pregnant women was blocked into two intervention groups (n = 45) and a control (n = 45). The intervention group received six counseling sessions with a solution-focused approach. Study tool included conflict tactics scale (CTS- 2) and short form health survey (SF-36). The tools were completed once before the intervention and again 6 weeks after the end of the counseling sessions by the participants of both groups. The P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically si…
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Minshall C, Castle DJ, Thompson DR, Pascoe M, Cameron J, McCabe M, Apputhurai P, Knowles SR, Jenkins Z, Ski CF (2020)randomised controlled trialMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usTopics in stroke rehabilitation31 citations A psychosocial intervention for stroke survivors and carers: 12-month outcomes of a randomized controlled trial.
Background and Purpose: Stroke can have a devastating impact on the mental and physical health of stroke survivors and their carers. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel psychosocial intervention designed to improve health outcomes in both groups. Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial of a personalized psychosocial intervention (eight 1-hour weekly sessions plus one booster) compared to usual care for adult stroke survivors and carers. Participants recruited from hospital services and community referrals completed questionnaires at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Primary outcomes were quality of life and self-efficacy; secondary outcomes were depressive and anxiety symptoms, coping, illness perception, work and social adjustment, carer strain, and carer satisfaction. Mixed-effect model repeated measures analysis between groups and across time was conducted. Resu…
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A pragmatic trial of a group intervention in senior housing communities to increase resilience.
Background: Aging is associated with numerous stressors that negatively impact older adults' well-being. Resilience improves ability to cope with stressors and can be enhanced in older adults. Senior housing communities are promising settings to deliver positive psychiatry interventions due to rising resident populations and potential impact of delivering interventions directly in the community. However, few intervention studies have been conducted in these communities. We present a pragmatic stepped-wedge trial of a novel psychological group intervention intended to improve resilience among older adults in senior housing communities.
Design: A pragmatic modified stepped-wedge trial design.
Setting: Five senior housing communities in three states in the US.
Participants: Eighty-nine adults over age 60 years residing in independent living sector of senior housing communities.
Intervention…
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Effectiveness of a Physical Therapeutic Exercise Programme for Caregivers of Dependent Patients: A Pragmatic Randomised Controlled Trial from Spanish Primary Care.
Female family caregivers (FFCs) constitute one of the basic supports of socio-health care for dependence in developed countries. The care provided by FFCs may impact their physical and mental health, negatively affecting their quality of life. In order to alleviate the consequences of providing care on FFCs, the Spanish Public Health System has developed the family caregiver care programme (FCCP) to be applied in primary care (PC) centres. The effectiveness of this programme is limited. To date, the addition of a physical therapeutic exercise (PTE) programme to FCCP has not been evaluated. A randomised multicentre clinical trial was carried out in two PC centres of the Spanish Public Health System. In total, 68 FFCs were recruited. The experimental group (EG) performed the usual FCCP (4 sessions, 6 h) added to a PTE programme (36 sessions in 12 weeks) whereas the control group performed …
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The impact of an expressive writing intervention on quality of life among Chinese breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Background: Expressive writing interventions are shown to confer physical and psychological benefits for Caucasian cancer survivors. This study evaluated the health benefits of an expressive writing intervention among breast cancer patients in mainland China.
Methods: Stage I-III Chinese breast cancer survivors undergoing chemotherapy were recruited in Shanghai, China. They (n = 90) were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: a positive thinking group (PTC) to write about the positive aspects of their cancer experience; a self-regulation condition (SRC) to write about their stress and coping efforts, deepest feelings, and positive aspects of their cancer experience; or a cancer-fact group (CFC) to write about facts relevant to their cancer experience. All groups wrote for 30 min every week for 4 weeks. Quality of life (QOL) was assessed using the FACT-B at baseline and 1- and 2-mo…
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Efficacy of Pennebaker's expressive writing intervention in reducing psychiatric symptoms among patients with first-time cancer diagnosis: a randomized clinical trial.
Purpose: The aim of this randomized clinical trial was to examine the efficacy of Pennebaker's expressive writing intervention (EWI) in improving the perceived quality of life (QoL) and in reducing psychiatric symptoms among patients who received a cancer diagnosis.
Methods: Seventy-one consecutively recruited patients who received a cancer diagnosis for the first time in their life were randomized into two groups: an EWI group (EWG: n = 35) and a control group (CG n = 36). At the baseline, anamnestic information was collected for all patients, and the patients completed a series of self-reported measures assessing psychiatric symptoms, alexithymia, and health-related QoL. A modified Pennebaker's EWI adapted to cancer diagnosis was also administered to the EWG. Six months later, 32 patients (EWG: n = 17, CG: n = 15) participated in the follow-up and filled out the same questionnaires.
Re…
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Penttinen H, Utriainen M, Kellokumpu-Lehtinen PL, Raitanen J, Sievänen H, Nikander R, Blomqvist C, Huovinen R, Vehmanen L, Saarto T (2019)randomised controlled trialMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usIn vivo (Athens, Greece)55 citations Effectiveness of a 12-month Exercise Intervention on Physical Activity and Quality of Life of Breast Cancer Survivors; Five-year Results of the BREX-study.
Background/aim: This is a report of the 5-year quality of life (QoL) findings of the BREX-study (n=444).
Patients and methods: A 12-month exercise intervention was arranged shortly after adjuvant treatments. Physical activity (PA) was assessed by PA diary, physical performance by a 2- km walking test, QoL by the EORTC QLQC30 and BR-23 questionnaires, fatigue by the FACIT-Fatigue scale and depression by the Beck's 13-item depression scale (BDI).
Results: Participants who improved their PA from baseline to 5-year follow-up were more likely to improve their global health score (RRR=1.02, p=0.016), physical (RRR=1.02, p=0.009), social (RRR=1.03, p=0.013), role functioning (RRR=1.03, p=0.005), and fatigue (RRR=1.02, p=0.002). An improved 2-km walking test was associated to improved global health, physical and role functioning, body image, future perspectives, and fatigue (p=0.011, p<0.001, p=…
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Effects of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in individuals aged 55 years or above: potential benefits of daily stimulation.
Ageing is associated with attenuated autonomic function. Transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation (tVNS) improved autonomic function in healthy young participants. We therefore investigated the effects of a single session of tVNS (studies 1 and 2) and tVNS administered daily for two weeks (study 3) in volunteers aged ≥ 55 years. tVNS was performed using modified surface electrodes on the tragus and connected to a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) machine. Study 1: participants (n=14) received a single session of tVNS and sham. Study 2: all participants (n=51) underwent a single session of tVNS. Study 3: participants (n=29) received daily tVNS for two weeks. Heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity were derived. Quality of life (QoL), mood and sleep were assessed in study 3. tVNS promoted increases in measures of vagal tone and was associated with greater increases…
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Associations Between Polypharmacy, Symptom Burden, and Quality of Life in Patients with Advanced, Life-Limiting Illness.
Background: Polypharmacy may be particularly burdensome near the end of life, as patients "accumulate" medications to treat and prevent multiple diseases.
Objective: To evaluate associations between polypharmacy, symptom burden, and quality of life (QOL) in patients with advanced, life-limiting illness (clinician-estimated, 1 month-1 year).
Design: Secondary analysis of baseline data from a trial of statin discontinuation.
Participants: Adults with advanced, life-limiting illness.
Main measures: Polypharmacy was assessed by summing the number of non-statin medications taken regularly or as needed. Symptom burden was assessed using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (range 0-90; higher scores indicating greater symptom burden) and QOL was assessed using the McGill QOL Questionnaire (range 0-10; higher scores indicating better QOL). Linear regression models assessed associations between…
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Randomized Trial of a Positive Psychology Intervention for Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes.
Objective: To evaluate the effects of a positive psychology intervention for adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) on adherence, glycemic control, and quality of life.
Methods: Adolescents with T1D (n = 120) and their caregivers were randomized to either an Education (EDU) (n = 60) or Positive Affect (PA) intervention (n = 60). Adolescents in the PA group received the intervention reminders (gratitude, self-affirmation, parental affirmation, and small gifts) via text messages or phone calls over 8 weeks. Questionnaires were completed by adolescents and caregivers and clinical data (glucometer and HbA1c) were collected at baseline 3 and 6 months. Data were analyzed using generalized linear modeling.
Results: After adjusting for covariates, adolescents in the PA group demonstrated significant improvement in quality of life at 3 months, compared to the EDU group, but this was not sustained…
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The effect of reminiscence therapy on cognitive functions, depression, and quality of life in Alzheimer patients: Randomized controlled trial.
Background: Alzheimer is a disease leading to various neuropsychiatric behavioral disorders, and the most common symptom observed during the prognosis of Alzheimer's disease is dysmnesia. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of reminiscence therapy on cognitive functions, depression, and quality of life in Alzheimer's patients.
Methods: The present study was a randomized controlled single blind study with two groups, which was designed in the experimental pretest-posttest pattern in the city of Konya, Turkey. It was decided to include a total of 60 elderly individuals. Information form that evaluated socio-demographic characteristics and disease history of individuals in intervention and control groups and was developed by the researcher. Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (SMMSE), Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia, and the Quality of Life in Alzheimer…
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Effects of Meditation and Music-Listening on Blood Biomarkers of Cellular Aging and Alzheimer's Disease in Adults with Subjective Cognitive Decline: An Exploratory Randomized Clinical Trial.
Background: Telomere length (TL), telomerase activity (TA), and plasma amyloid-β (Aβ) levels have emerged as possible predictors of cognitive decline and dementia.
Objective: To assess the: 1) effects of two 12-week relaxation programs on TL, TA, and Aβ levels in adults with subjective cognitive decline; and 2) relationship of biomarker changes to those in cognitive function, psychosocial status, and quality of life (QOL).
Methods: Participants were randomized to a 12-week Kirtan Kriya meditation (KK) or music listening (ML) program and asked to practice 12 minutes/day. Plasma Aβ(38/40/42) and peripheral blood mononuclear cell TL and TA were measured at baseline and 3 months. Cognition, stress, sleep, mood, and QOL were assessed at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months.
Results: Baseline blood samples were available for 53 participants (25 KK, 28 ML). The KK group showed significantly greater…
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The Role of Inflammation in the Pain, Fatigue, and Sleep Disturbance Symptom Cluster in Advanced Cancer.
Context: Symptom researchers have proposed a model of inflammatory cytokine activity and dysregulation in cancer to explain co-occurring symptoms including pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbance.
Objectives: We tested the hypothesis that psychological stress accentuates inflammation and that stress and inflammation contribute to one's experience of the pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbance symptom cluster (symptom cluster severity, symptom cluster distress) and its impact (symptom cluster interference with daily life, quality of life).
Methods: We used baseline data from a symptom cluster management trial. Adult participants (N = 158) receiving chemotherapy for advanced cancer reported pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbance on enrollment. Before intervention, participants completed measures of demographics, perceived stress, symptom cluster severity, symptom cluster distress, symptom cluster …
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Adventure-based training to promote physical activity and reduce fatigue among childhood cancer survivors: A randomized controlled trial.
Background: Cancer-related fatigue is one of the most distressing symptoms reported by childhood cancer survivors. Despite the body of evidence that regular physical activity helps alleviate cancer-related fatigue, insufficient participation in physical activity is frequently observed among childhood cancer survivors.
Objectives: This study examined the effectiveness of an adventure-based training programme in promoting physical activity, reducing fatigue, and enhancing self-efficacy and quality of life among Hong Kong Chinese childhood cancer survivors.
Design: A prospective randomised controlled trial.
Settings: A paediatric oncology outpatient clinic, a non-governmental organisation, and a non-profit voluntary organisation.
Participants: Hong Kong Chinese childhood cancer survivors aged 9-16 years who reported symptoms of fatigue and had not engaged in regular physical exercise in the…
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A randomized controlled trial on a smartphone self-help application (Be Good to Yourself) to reduce depressive symptoms.
Depressive symptoms are common, yet only a subgroup of individuals receive adequate treatment. To reduce the treatment gap, several online self-help programs have been developed, yielding small to moderate effects. We developed a smartphone self-help application addressing depressive symptoms. We sought to evaluate its feasibility and efficacy in participants reporting a subjective need for help (a diagnosis of depression was not mandatory). We conducted a randomized controlled trial (N = 90). The primary outcome was a reduction of depressive symptoms measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Secondary outcomes included improved self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale) and quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF). The intervention group obtained access to the application for four weeks, the wait-list group received access after the post assessment. No group differences emerged in e…
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