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Ask what someone takes that is not food, rather than asking what medications they are on. People do not file their supplements under drugs, so the usual question comes back empty.

There is a case worth carrying around for this. A liver transplant patient kept rejecting the organ, and it turned out he was quietly taking echinacea, which stirs up the very immune system the transplant needed damped down. He stopped, and the rejections stopped. He was not hiding anything: he simply did not think of a herb as a drug.

Qur’an and Sunnah

From their bellies comes a drink of different colours in which there is healing for people (Quran 16:69). If something ordinary can carry real healing, it can carry real effect in the other direction too.

ثُمَّ كُلِي مِن كُلِّ ٱلثَّمَرَٰتِ فَٱسۡلُكِي سُبُلَ رَبِّكِ ذُلُلࣰ اۚ يَخۡرُجُ مِنۢ بُطُونِهَا شَرَابࣱ مُّخۡتَلِفٌ أَلۡوَٰنُهُۥ فِيهِ شِفَآءࣱ لِّلنَّاسِۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَأٓيَةࣰ لِّقَوۡمࣲ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ

Then feed on all kinds of fruit and follow the ways made easy for you by your Lord.’ From their bellies comes a drink of different colours in which there is healing for people. There truly is a sign in this for those who think

Qur’an 16:69read it in the library

Translation: M.A.S. Abdel Haleem, The Qur'an, Oxford University Press, 2004.

What the research says

There is a serious literature on nutrients acting on the brain rather than simply passing through, including an account of how vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids may influence serotonin synthesis and executive function in ADHD. That paper offers a mechanism rather than trial results, which is exactly the point here. These substances are active enough to be worth asking about.

Patrick RP, Ames BN. (2015). Vitamin D and the omega-3 fatty acids control serotonin synthesis and action, part 2: relevance for ADHD, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and impulsive behavior.. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology doi

Strength of evidence: one line of research. A single study, or a theoretical account.

Why it works

Anything with a real biological effect can pull against a treatment, whether or not the person counts it as medicine.

This one is still a draft. It is waiting on a scholar and a clinician to read it before it is published.

Near this one

More on focus, starting, and adhd

Ask what someone takes that is not food, rather than asking what medications they are on. People do not file their supplements under drugs, so the usual question comes back empty · Inshirah