Areas › Focus, starting, and ADHD › Reading, numbers and learning differences
When the usual route into reading or arithmetic does not form, children build another one, and it nearly always runs through memory. It works for years, and it costs far more effort than anyone watching realises.
This is the bright child who is somehow always tired, always slow with written work, quietly memorising what everyone else is working out. The route holds while the volume stays small and gives way when it grows, which is why the wall so often arrives in the last years of school or the first year of university rather than at any earlier step up. If that describes you, the exhaustion was never a flaw in your character.
Qur’an and Sunnah
Moses asked, and ease my task for me (Quran 20:26). He asked for the task to be lightened rather than for himself to be made into someone else, which is often the more honest request.
Translation: M.A.S. Abdel Haleem, The Qur'an, Oxford University Press, 2004.
What the research says
Reviews across the lifespan report that reading difficulty persists into adulthood and comes with executive function and emotional difficulties, which fits the picture of someone spending a great deal to keep up. These are narrative reviews rather than direct studies of compensation, so the account of what is happening underneath is an explanation rather than a measurement. The persistence itself is well described.
Farah R, Ionta S, Horowitz-Kraus T. (2021). Neuro-Behavioral Correlates of Executive Dysfunctions in Dyslexia Over Development From Childhood to Adulthood.. Frontiers in psychology doi
Strength of evidence: one line of research. A single study, or a theoretical account.
Why it works
Memory can stand in for a skill that never developed, but it needs fresh effort every single time.
This one is still a draft. It is waiting on a scholar and a clinician to read it before it is published.
Near this one
Build numbers and break them up again. Seven is five and two, and also six and one, and a child who can see that has the thing mental arithmetic is made of.
A child who cannot bear the noise, the lights and the scratchy jumper all day will be hard to be around by the afternoon. That child usually gets described as badly behaved rather than as overwhelmed.
When a child keeps failing at a task, try reducing what it demands of attention and memory before you increase the practice. Shorter steps, one instruction at a time, the working written down where they can see it.