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Loneliness and social isolation الوحدة

Being without connection, felt and structural.

Everything below was reached through this subject, not through the words you typed. Every row states how it was reached.

Qurʾān

القرآن6 shown

Verses named for this subject by hand come first. The rest are found by the subject’s own Arabic and English senses and are shown as lexical matches, not as anchors anyone has confirmed.

Qur'ān 4:11Arabic sense: اخوه, وحده

يُوصِيكُمُ ٱللَّهُ فِيٓ أَوۡلَٰدِكُمۡۖ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثۡلُ حَظِّ ٱلۡأُنثَيَيۡنِۚ فَإِن كُنَّ نِسَآءࣰ فَوۡقَ ٱثۡنَتَيۡنِ فَلَهُنَّ ثُلُثَا مَا تَرَكَۖ وَإِن كَانَتۡ وَٰحِدَةࣰ فَلَهَا ٱلنِّصۡفُۚ وَلِأَبَوَيۡهِ لِكُلِّ وَٰحِدࣲ مِّنۡهُمَا ٱلسُّدُسُ مِمَّا تَرَكَ إِن كَانَ لَهُۥ وَلَدࣱۚ فَإِن لَّمۡ يَكُن لَّهُۥ وَلَدࣱ وَوَرِثَهُۥٓ أَبَوَاهُ فَلِأُمِّهِ ٱلثُّلُثُۚ فَإِن كَانَ لَهُۥٓ إِخۡوَةࣱ فَلِأُمِّهِ ٱلسُّدُسُۚ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ وَصِيَّةࣲ يُوصِي بِهَآ أَوۡ دَيۡنٍۗ ءَابَآؤُكُمۡ وَأَبۡنَآؤُكُمۡ لَا تَدۡرُونَ أَيُّهُمۡ أَقۡرَبُ لَكُمۡ نَفۡعࣰ اۚ فَرِيضَةࣰ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمࣰ ا

Concerning your children, God commands you that a son should have the equivalent share of two daughters. If there are only daughters, two or more should share two-thirds of the inheritance, if one, she should have half. Parents inherit a sixth each if the deceased leaves children; if he leaves no children and his parents are his sole heirs, his mother has a third, unless he has brothers, in which case she has a sixth. [In all cases, the distribution comes] after payment of any bequests or debts. You cannot know which of your parents or your children is more beneficial to you: this is a law from God, and He is all knowing, all wise

Qur'ān 12:58Arabic sense: اخوه

وَجَآءَ إِخۡوَةُ يُوسُفَ فَدَخَلُواْ عَلَيۡهِ فَعَرَفَهُمۡ وَهُمۡ لَهُۥ مُنكِرُونَ

Joseph’s brothers came and presented themselves before him. He recognized them- though they did not recognize him

Qur'ān 12:8Arabic sense: اخوه

إِذۡ قَالُواْ لَيُوسُفُ وَأَخُوهُ أَحَبُّ إِلَىٰٓ أَبِينَا مِنَّا وَنَحۡنُ عُصۡبَةٌ إِنَّ أَبَانَا لَفِي ضَلَٰلࣲ مُّبِينٍ

The brothers said [to each other], ‘Although we are many, Joseph and his brother are dearer to our father than we are–– our father is clearly in the wrong.’

Qur'ān 26:106Arabic sense: اخوه

إِذۡ قَالَ لَهُمۡ أَخُوهُمۡ نُوحٌ أَلَا تَتَّقُونَ

Their brother Noah said to them, ‘Will you not be mindful of God

Qur'ān 26:124Arabic sense: اخوه

إِذۡ قَالَ لَهُمۡ أَخُوهُمۡ هُودٌ أَلَا تَتَّقُونَ

Their brother Hud said to them, ‘Will you not be mindful of God

Qur'ān 4:176Arabic sense: اخوه

يَسۡتَفۡتُونَكَ قُلِ ٱللَّهُ يُفۡتِيكُمۡ فِي ٱلۡكَلَٰلَةِۚ إِنِ ٱمۡرُؤٌاْ هَلَكَ لَيۡسَ لَهُۥ وَلَدࣱ وَلَهُۥٓ أُخۡتࣱ فَلَهَا نِصۡفُ مَا تَرَكَۚ وَهُوَ يَرِثُهَآ إِن لَّمۡ يَكُن لَّهَا وَلَدࣱۚ فَإِن كَانَتَا ٱثۡنَتَيۡنِ فَلَهُمَا ٱلثُّلُثَانِ مِمَّا تَرَكَۚ وَإِن كَانُوٓاْ إِخۡوَةࣰ رِّجَالࣰ ا وَنِسَآءࣰ فَلِلذَّكَرِ مِثۡلُ حَظِّ ٱلۡأُنثَيَيۡنِۗ يُبَيِّنُ ٱللَّهُ لَكُمۡ أَن تَضِلُّواْۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَيۡءٍ عَلِيمُۢ

They ask you [Prophet] for a ruling. Say, ‘God gives you a ruling about inheritance from someone who dies childless with no surviving parents. If a man leaves a sister, she is entitled to half of the inheritance; if she has no child her brother is her sole heir; if there are two sisters, they are entitled to two-thirds of the inheritance between them, but if there are surviving brothers and sisters, the male is entitled to twice the share of the female. God makes this clear to you so that you do not make mistakes: He has full knowledge of everything.’

Tafsīr

التفسير6 shown

Commentary on the verses above, at most two editions per verse.

en-asbab-al-nuzul-by-al-wahidi on 4:11en-asbab-al-nuzul-by-al-wahidicommentary on an ayah this subject surfaced

(Allah chargeth you concerning (the provision for) your children�) [4:11]. Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Ja'far informed us> al-Hasan ibn Ahmad al-Makhladi> al-Mu'ammil ibn al-Hasan ibn 'Isa> al-Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn al-Sabbah> Hajjaj> Ibn Jurayj> Ibn al-Munkadir> Jabir who said: �The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, and Abu Bakr came on foot to visit me at Banu Salamah when I was sick. He found me unconscious. He asked for some water, performed minor ritual ablution and then sprinkled some of the water on me and I woke up. I said: 'O Messenger of Allah! What shall I do with my wealth?' And so the verse (Allah chargeth you concerning (the provision for) your children: to the male the equivalent of the portion of two females�)�. This was narrated by Bukhari> Ibrahim ibn Musa> Hisham, and also by Muslim> Muhammad ibn Hatim> Hajjaj; and both Hisham and Hajjaj rela

en-al-jalalayn on 4:11en-al-jalalayncommentary on an ayah this subject surfaced

God charges you He commands you concerning the matter of your children with what He will mention to the male of them the equivalent of the portion the lot of two females if there are two women with him so that half the property is his and the other half is theirs; if there is only one female with him then she has a third and he receives two thirds; if he is the only one he takes it all; and if they the offspring be only women more than two then for them two-thirds of what he the deceased leaves; likewise if they be two women since in the case of two sisters more deserving of such a share God says They shall receive two-thirds of what he leaves Q. 4176; and since a female is entitled to a third with a male she is all the more deserving of the same share with a female. It is said that fawq ‘more than’ introduces a relative clause; it is also said to guard against the wrong impression that

en-asbab-al-nuzul-by-al-wahidi on 26:106en-asbab-al-nuzul-by-al-wahidicommentary on an ayah this subject surfaced

The people of Noah cried lies to the messengers when their brother Noah said to them, “Will you not be godwary?” The purport of this verse is to explain how to invite and to explain the attribute of the inviter. Whenever someone invites and calls another to God, his road is first to command godwariness, just as God recounts from the prophets that they said, “Will you not be godwary?” Then, when they speak to them, they should speak with the utmost gentleness so that the words will get to them and be easier for them to accept. Do you not see that the Exalted Lord sent Moses and Aaron to Pharaoh and commanded them to speak gently? He said, “Speak to him with soft words. Perhaps he will remember or fear” [20:44]. He commanded MuṣṬafā in the same way: “Say: 'I admonish you in but one thing, that you stand up for God'” [34:46]. In these accounts, when the prophets spoke to their communities w

en-asbab-al-nuzul-by-al-wahidi on 4:176en-asbab-al-nuzul-by-al-wahidicommentary on an ayah this subject surfaced

(They ask thee for a pronouncement. Say: Allah hath pronounced for you concerning distant kindred�) [4:176]. Abu �Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Hamid informed us>Zahir ibn Ahmad> al-Husayn ibn Muhammad ibn Mus�ab> Yahya ibn Hakim> Ibn Abi �Adiyy> Hisham ibn Abi �Abd Allah> Abu�l-Zubayr> Jabir who said: �I had seven sisters and I fell ill. The Messenger of Allah, Allah bless him and give him peace, came to visit me. [He found me unconscious and so] he spit on my face and I woke up. I said to him: �O Messenger of Allah, can I bequest for my sister two thirds of my wealth�. He said: �Hold back!� I said: �What about half?� He said: �Hold back!� and then he went out and left me. Then he came back and said to me: �O Jabir, you are not going to die as a result of your present illness. Allah has revealed verses explaining the share your sister should have. He has apportioned two thirds for them� �. Jabi

en-al-jalalayn on 12:8en-al-jalalayncommentary on an ayah this subject surfaced

Mention when they that is when some of Joseph’s brothers said to some of the others ‘Surely Joseph la-Yūsufu is the subject and his brother his full brother Benjamin are dearer ahabbu is the predicate to our father than we are though we be a hardy band a group. Lo! our father is in plain aberration in manifest error for preferring those two to us.

en-al-jalalayn on 4:176en-al-jalalayncommentary on an ayah this subject surfaced

They will ask you for a pronouncement concerning indirect heirs. Say ‘God pronounces to you concerning indirect heirs. If a man in imru’un is in the nominative because of the verb halaka ‘perishes’ that explains it perishes dies having no children and no parent and this is the one referred to as an indirect heir kalāla but he has a sister from both parents or from one hers is half of what he leaves and he a brother similarly is her heir in all that she leaves if she has no children but if she has a son then he the maternal uncle receives nothing and if a daughter then whatever is left after her share; if the brother and sister be from the same mother then the one receives a sixth as was stipulated at the beginning of the sūra Q. 411. If there be two sisters or more — for this was revealed regarding Jābir b. ‘Abd Allāh who died and was survived by sisters — theirs are two-thirds of what h

Ḥadīth

الحديث4 shown

Sound narrations only, and never matched by text. A narration appears here because a compiler filed it under a chapter this subject maps to, or because someone read it and anchored it. Each row says which.

Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1897Righteousness, Kinship and Good Relationsfiled here by the compiler

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا بَهْزُ بْنُ حَكِيمٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، عَنْ جَدِّي، قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَنْ أَبَرُّ قَالَ ‏"‏ أُمَّكَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ قُلْتُ ثُمَّ مَنْ قَالَ ‏"‏ أُمَّكَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ قُلْتُ ثُمَّ مَنْ قَالَ ‏"‏ أُمَّكَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ قُلْتُ ثُمَّ مَنْ قَالَ ‏"‏ ثُمَّ أَبَاكَ ثُمَّ الأَقْرَبَ فَالأَقْرَبَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ وَعَائِشَةَ وَأَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَبَهْزُ بْنُ حَكِيمٍ هُوَ ابْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ حَيْدَةَ الْقُشَيْرِيُّ ‏.‏ وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ ‏.‏ وَقَدْ تَكَلَّمَ شُعْبَةُ فِي بَهْزِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ وَهُوَ ثِقَةٌ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ وَرَوَى عَنْهُ مَعْمَرٌ وَالثَّوْرِيُّ وَحَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ مِنَ الأَئِمَّةِ ‏.‏

Bahz bin Hakim narrated from his father, from his grandfather who said:"I said: 'O Messenger of Allah! Who most deserves(my) reverence?' He said: 'Your mother.'" He said: "I said: 'Then who?' He said: 'Your mother.'" He said: "I said: 'Then who?' He said: 'Your mother.'" He said: "I said: 'Then who?' He said: 'Then your father, then the nearest relatives, then the nearest relatives

Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1898Righteousness, Kinship and Good Relationsfiled here by the compiler

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنِ الْمَسْعُودِيِّ، عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ الْعَيْزَارِ، عَنْ أَبِي عَمْرٍو الشَّيْبَانِيِّ، عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ، قَالَ سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَىُّ الأَعْمَالِ أَفْضَلُ قَالَ ‏"‏ الصَّلاَةُ لِمِيقَاتِهَا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قُلْتُ ثُمَّ مَاذَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ ‏"‏ بِرُّ الْوَالِدَيْنِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قُلْتُ ثُمَّ مَاذَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ ‏"‏ الْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ ثُمَّ سَكَتَ عَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَلَوِ اسْتَزَدْتُهُ لَزَادَنِي ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ ‏.‏ رَوَاهُ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ وَشُعْبَةُ وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ الْعَيْزَارِ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ مِنْ غَيْرِ وَجْهٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَمْرٍو الشَّيْبَانِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ‏.‏ وَأَبُو عَمْرٍو الشَّيْبَانِيُّ اسْمُهُ سَعْدُ بْنُ إِيَاسٍ ‏.‏

Ibn Mas'ud said:"I asked the Messenger of Allah: 'O Messenger of Allah! Which is the most virtuous of deeds?' He said: 'Salat during its appropriate time.' I said: 'Then what, O Messenger of Allah?' He said: 'Being dutiful to one's parents.' I said: 'Then what, O Messenger of Allah?' He said: 'Jihad in the cause of Allah.' Then the messenger of Allah was silent, and if I had asked him more, he would have told me more

Sahih Muslim 2160Greetingsfiled here by the compiler

حَدَّثَنِي عُقْبَةُ بْنُ مُكْرَمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَاصِمٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، ح وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ، مَرْزُوقٍ حَدَّثَنَا رَوْحٌ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي زِيَادٌ، أَنَّ ثَابِتًا، مَوْلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ، سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ، يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏ "‏ يُسَلِّمُ الرَّاكِبُ عَلَى الْمَاشِي وَالْمَاشِي عَلَى الْقَاعِدِ وَالْقَلِيلُ عَلَى الْكَثِيرِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏

Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:The rider should first greet the pedestrian, and the pedestrian the one who is seated and a small group should greet a larger group (with as-Salam-u-'Alaikum)

Sahih Muslim 2161Greetingsfiled here by the compiler

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَفَّانُ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ حَكِيمٍ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ كُنَّا قُعُودًا بِالأَفْنِيَةِ نَتَحَدَّثُ فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَامَ عَلَيْنَا فَقَالَ ‏"‏ مَا لَكُمْ وَلِمَجَالِسِ الصُّعُدَاتِ اجْتَنِبُوا مَجَالِسَ الصُّعُدَاتِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَقُلْنَا إِنَّمَا قَعَدْنَا لِغَيْرِ مَا بَاسٍ قَعَدْنَا نَتَذَاكَرُ وَنَتَحَدَّثُ ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ إِمَّا لاَ فَأَدُّوا حَقَّهَا غَضُّ الْبَصَرِ وَرَدُّ السَّلاَمِ وَحُسْنُ الْكَلاَمِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏

Abu Talha reported:While we were sitting in front of the houses and talking amongst ourselves, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) happened to come there. He stood by us and said: What about you and your meetings on the paths? Avoid these meetings on the paths. We said: We were sitting here without (any intention of doing harm to the passers-by) ; we are sitting to discuss matters and to hold conversation amongst ourselves. Thereupon he said: If there is no help (for you but to sit on these paths), then give the paths their rights and these are lowering of the gaze, exchanging of greetings and good conversation

Classical works

كتب التراث6 shown

Arabic originals, reached through the subject’s Arabic senses. Interpretive sources, never proof of a ruling.

ihya §6543ihyaArabic sense: العزلة, الوحدة, عزله, وحده

يقدر عليه في الوحدة وقد يكون الكبر سببا في اختيار العزلة

mukhtasar-minhaj §977mukhtasar-minhajArabic sense: العزلة, الوحدة, عزله, وحده

الفائدة السادسة: التواضع، ولا يقدر على ذلك في الوحدة، فقد يكون الكبر سببا في اختياره العزلة، ويمنعه في المحافل التقصير في إكرامه وتقديمه، وربما ترفع عن مخالطتهم لارتفاع محله عند نفسه، أو نحو ذلك.

ihya §6617ihyaArabic sense: العزلة, عزله, وحده

| كتاب العزلة ويتلوه كتاب آداب السفر والحمد لله وحده كتاب آداب

mukhtasar-minhaj §18mukhtasar-minhajArabic sense: العزلة, عزله

ثم قال بعد ذلك [ابن الجوزي]: وإذ قد صح عزمك على العزلة لاستيفاء حق الحق من النفس، والأخذ على يدها، فليكن وكيلك عليها العلم، وكن باحثا عن دقائق هواها لعلك تسلم، واحذر سبيل أحد رجلين:

mukhtasar-minhaj §914mukhtasar-minhajArabic sense: العزلة, عزله

اختلف الناس في العزلة والمخالطة، أيتهما أفضل؟ مع أن كل واحدة منهما لا تنفك عن فوائد وغوائل، وأكثر الزهاد اختاروا العزلة.

mukhtasar-minhaj §915mukhtasar-minhajArabic sense: العزلة, عزله

وممن ذهب إلي اختيار العزلة: سفيان الثوري، وإبراهيم بن أدهم، وداود #

Research library

المكتبة البحثية969 works held

Peer-reviewed work held with its DOI and abstract, labelled with the study design its publication types report. None of it has been read or assessed, so nothing here may be cited as showing anything. Retracted work is held for the record but never listed; a review that a later version replaced is listed under its replacement and marked.

10.1002/14651858.cd013632The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (2020)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by us; matched on Loneliness, Social Isolation, loneliness, social isolation, lonely

Video calls for reducing social isolation and loneliness in older people: a rapid review.: Background: The current COVID-19 pandemic has been identified as a possible trigger for increases in loneliness and social isolation among older people due to the restrictions on movement that many countries have put in place. Loneliness and social isolation are consistently identified as risk factors for poor mental and physical health in older people. Video calls may help older people stay connected during the current crisis by widening the participant's social circle or by increasing the freq

10.1161/jaha.122.026493Journal of the American Heart Association (2022)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by us; matched on Loneliness, Social Isolation, loneliness, social isolation, lonely

Effects of Objective and Perceived Social Isolation on Cardiovascular and Brain Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.: Background Social isolation, the relative absence of or infrequency of contact with different types of social relationships, and loneliness (perceived isolation) are associated with adverse health outcomes. Objective To review observational and intervention research that examines the impact of social isolation and loneliness on cardiovascular and brain health and discuss proposed mechanisms for observed associations. Methods We conducted a systematic scoping review of available research. We sear

10.1177/0141076820918236Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2020)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by us; matched on Loneliness, Social Isolation, loneliness, social isolation, lonely

Loneliness, social isolation, cardiovascular disease and mortality: a synthesis of the literature and conceptual framework.: To conduct a systematic review and develop a conceptual framework on the mechanisms linking loneliness, social isolation, health outcomes and mortality. Electronic databases were systematically searched (PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus and EMBASE) from inception to October 2018 followed by manual searching to identify research on loneliness, social isolation and mortality in adults published in the English language. Articles were assessed for quality and synthesised into a conceptual framework using met

10.1186/1471-2458-11-647BMC public health (2011)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by us; matched on Loneliness, Social Isolation, loneliness, social isolation, lonely

Interventions targeting social isolation in older people: a systematic review.: Background: Targeting social isolation in older people is a growing public health concern. The proportion of older people in society has increased in recent decades, and it is estimated that approximately 25% of the population will be aged 60 or above within the next 20 to 40 years. Social isolation is prevalent amongst older people and evidence indicates the detrimental effect that it can have on health and wellbeing. The aim of this review was to assess the effectiveness of interventions desig

10.1186/s12874-019-0825-6BMC medical research methodology (2019)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by us; matched on Loneliness, Social Isolation, loneliness, social isolation, lonely

Methods of identifying and recruiting older people at risk of social isolation and loneliness: a mixed methods review.: Background: Loneliness and social isolation are major determinants of mental wellbeing, especially among older adults. The effectiveness of interventions to address loneliness and social isolation among older adults has been questioned due to the lack of transparency in identifying and recruiting populations at risk. This paper aims to systematically review methods used to identify and recruit older people at risk of loneliness and social isolation into research studies that seek to address lone

10.1007/s40520-024-02925-1Aging clinical and experimental research (2025)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by us; matched on Loneliness, Social Isolation, loneliness, social isolation

Loneliness, social isolation, and living alone: a comprehensive systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of mortality risks in older adults.: Loneliness, social isolation, and living alone are significant risk factors for mortality, particularly in older adults. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify their associations with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in older adults, broadening previous research by including more social factors. Comprehensive searches were conducted in PubMed, APA PsycINFO, and CINAHL until December 31, 2023, following PRISMA 2020 and MOOSE guidelines. Studies included were prospective

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476 to 500 of 969
Li Y, Godai K, Kido M, Komori S, Shima R, Kamide K, Kabayama M (2022)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usBMC geriatrics18 citations

Cognitive decline and poor social relationship in older adults during COVID-19 pandemic: can information and communications technology (ICT) use helps?

Background: To answer whether older adults' cognitive function benefits from ICT use, we (1) examined the relationship between ICT use and cognitive decline during the COVID-19 pandemic and (2) explored the potential role of ICT use in mitigating the relationship between loneliness, social isolation, and cognitive decline among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: From February to March 2021, a mail survey was distributed to 1,400 older adults aged 70-89 years old. Responded participants were 1,003 (71.6% response rate). Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) was the independent variable. ICT use was assessed based on ICT use history and current ICT use activities. Loneliness was based on the Japanese version of the Three-Item Loneliness Scale. Social isolation was a total score of six items. Covariate-adjusted logistic regressions were performed and stratified by age groups (70-79 and 

matched on Loneliness (keyword), Social Isolation (keyword), loneliness (text), social isolation (text)

Fogelson DM, Rutledge C, Zimbro KS (2022)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJournal of holistic nursing : official journal of the American Holistic Nurses' Association25 citations

The Impact of Robotic Companion Pets on Depression and Loneliness for Older Adults with Dementia During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Purpose: Differences in depression and loneliness, during the COVID-19 pandemic, for older adults with mild to moderate dementia living in residential care after interacting with a robotic companion dog or cat were explored. Experiences of family members and professional caregivers were also examined. Design: This study used a mixed research design with pre- and post-questionnaires on depression and loneliness. Method: Quantitative data exploring the impact of companion pets on depression and loneliness were collected from participants pre-intervention and at 3- and 6-week intervals. Qualitative data were collected during the 6-week study period, permitting researchers to explore the impact of robotic companion pets on participants, family members, and professional caregivers. Findings: Results indicated depression (χ2F(2)  =  21.29, p < 0.001) and loneliness (χ2F(2)  =  21.11, p < 0.001

matched on Loneliness (mesh), loneliness (text), social isolation (text)

Matrisciano F, Pinna G (2021)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usInternational journal of molecular sciences31 citations

PPAR-α Hypermethylation in the Hippocampus of Mice Exposed to Social Isolation Stress Is Associated with Enhanced Neuroinflammation and Aggressive Behavior.

Social behavioral changes, including social isolation or loneliness, increase the risk for stress-related disorders, such as major depressive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and suicide, which share a strong neuroinflammatory etiopathogenetic component. The peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)-α, a newly discovered target involved in emotional behavior regulation, is a ligand-activated nuclear receptor and a transcription factor that, following stimulation by endogenous or synthetic ligands, may induce neuroprotective effects by modulating neuroinflammation, and improve anxiety and depression-like behaviors by enhancing neurosteroid biosynthesis. How stress affects epigenetic mechanisms with downstream effects on inflammation and emotional behavior remains poorly understood. We studied the effects of 4-week social isolation, using a mouse model of PTSD/suicid

matched on Social Isolation (mesh), loneliness (text), social isolation (text)

Krendl AC, Perry BL (2021)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usThe journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences304 citations

The Impact of Sheltering in Place During the COVID-19 Pandemic on Older Adults' Social and Mental Well-Being.

Objectives: We examined whether social isolation due to the COVID-19 shelter-in-place orders was associated with greater loneliness and depression for older adults, and, if so, whether declines in social engagement or relationship strength moderated that relationship. Methods: Between April 21 and May 21, 2020, 93 older adults in the United States who had completed measures characterizing their personal social networks, subjective loneliness, and depression 6-9 months prior to the pandemic completed the same measures via phone interview, as well as questions about the impact of the pandemic on their social relationships. Results: Older adults reported higher depression and greater loneliness following the onset of the pandemic. Loneliness positively predicted depression. Perceived relationship strength, but not social engagement, moderated this relationship such that loneliness only pred

matched on Loneliness (mesh), loneliness (text), social isolation (text)

Ross L, Meier N (2021)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usNursing forum8 citations

Improving adult coping with social isolation during COVID-19 in the community through nurse-led patient-centered telehealth teaching and listening interventions.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to social isolation which both threatens mental health and has been shown to increase the risk for early death by 50%, and to contribute to increased rates of heart disease, hypertension, stroke, and inflammation. Local problem: No identified special programs to address loneliness related to social isolation were in place. This project aimed to improve adult coping with COVID-19 in the community to 80% over 8 weeks. Methods: Three interventions were implemented concurrently and studied through Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles. Each cycle started with a test of change, followed by data collection and analysis using run charts, aggregate data tables, and field notes. This analysis guided the design of new tests of change for each intervention in the following cycle. Iterative changes were introduced through four cycles over 8th weeks

matched on Social Isolation (mesh), loneliness (text), social isolation (text)

Greenwood-Hickman MA, Dahlquist J, Cooper J, Holden E, McClure JB, Mettert KD, Perry SR, Rosenberg DE (2021)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usFrontiers in public health36 citations

"They're Going to Zoom It": A Qualitative Investigation of Impacts and Coping Strategies During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Older Adults.

Introduction: Older adults, who already have higher levels of social isolation, loneliness, and sedentary behavior, are particularly susceptible to negative impacts from social distancing mandates meant to control the spread of COVID-19. We sought to explore the physical, mental, and social health impacts of the pandemic on older adults and their coping techniques. Materials and Methods: We conducted 25 semi-structured interviews with a sub-sample of participants in an ongoing sedentary behavior reduction intervention. Interviews were recorded and transcribed, and iterative coding was used to extract key themes. Results: Most participants reported an increase in sedentary behavior due to limitations on leaving their home and increased free time to pursue seated hobbies (e.g., reading, knitting, tv). However, many participants also reported increased levels of intentional physical activit

matched on Social Isolation (mesh), loneliness (text), social isolation (text)

Associations of Social Isolation with Anxiety and Depression During the Early COVID-19 Pandemic: A Survey of Older Adults in London, UK.

The COVID-19 pandemic is imposing a profound negative impact on the health and wellbeing of societies and individuals, worldwide. One concern is the effect of social isolation as a result of social distancing on the mental health of vulnerable populations, including older people. Within six weeks of lockdown, we initiated the CHARIOT COVID-19 Rapid Response Study, a bespoke survey of cognitively healthy older people living in London, to investigate the impact of COVID-19 and associated social isolation on mental and physical wellbeing. The sample was drawn from CHARIOT, a register of people over 50 who have consented to be contacted for aging related research. A total of 7,127 men and women (mean age=70.7 [SD=7.4]) participated in the baseline survey, May-July 2020. Participants were asked about changes to the 14 components of the Hospital Anxiety Depression scale (HADS) after lockdown w

matched on Loneliness (keyword), Social Isolation (keyword), loneliness (text), social isolation (text)

Santini ZI, Jose PE, York Cornwell E, Koyanagi A, Nielsen L, Hinrichsen C, Meilstrup C, Madsen KR, Koushede V (2020)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usThe Lancet. Public health897 citations

Social disconnectedness, perceived isolation, and symptoms of depression and anxiety among older Americans (NSHAP): a longitudinal mediation analysis.

Background: Research indicates that social isolation and loneliness increase the risk of mental disorders, but less is known about the distinct contributions of different aspects of isolation. We aimed to distinguish the pathways through which social disconnectedness (eg, small social network, infrequent social interaction) and perceptions of social isolation (eg, loneliness, perceived lack of support) contribute to anxiety and depression symptom severity in community-residing older adults aged 57-85 years at baseline. Methods: We did a longitudinal mediation analysis with data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP). The study included individuals from the USA born between 1920 and 1947. Validated measures on social disconnectedness, perceived isolation, and depression and anxiety symptoms were used. Structural equation modelling was used to construct complete l

matched on Social Isolation (mesh), loneliness (text), social isolation (text)

Pietrabissa G, Simpson SG (2020)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usFrontiers in psychology204 citations

Psychological Consequences of Social Isolation During COVID-19 Outbreak.

Perceived social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic significantly has had an extraordinary global impact, with significant psychological consequences. Changes in our daily lives, feeling of loneliness, job losses, financial difficulty, and grief over the death of loved ones have the potential to affect the mental health of many. In an atmosphere of uncertainty, it is essential that clear and precise information is offered about the problem and how to manage it. In this contribution, a rationale is provided for an urgent call for a rapid response to the mental health impacts of COVID-19. Moreover, suggestions for individuals to regulate their emotions effectively and appropriately are provided.

matched on Loneliness (keyword), Social Isolation (keyword), loneliness (text), social isolation (text)

Xie B, Charness N, Fingerman K, Kaye J, Kim MT, Khurshid A (2020)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJournal of aging & social policy148 citations

When Going Digital Becomes a Necessity: Ensuring Older Adults' Needs for Information, Services, and Social Inclusion During COVID-19.

Older adults are in triple jeopardy during COVID-19: compared with younger people, older adults are (1) more likely to develop serious conditions and experience higher mortality; (2) less likely to obtain high quality information or services online; and (3) more likely to experience social isolation and loneliness. Hybrid solutions, coupling online and offline strategies, are invaluable in ensuring the inclusion of vulnerable populations. Most of these solutions require no new inventions. Finding the financial resources for a rapid, well-coordinated implementation is the biggest challenge. Setting up the requisite support systems and digital infrastructure is important for the present and future pandemics.

matched on Social Isolation (mesh), loneliness (text), social isolation (text)

Leschak CJ, Eisenberger NI (2019)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usPsychosomatic medicine89 citations

Two Distinct Immune Pathways Linking Social Relationships With Health: Inflammatory and Antiviral Processes.

Objective: Social relationships can both influence and be influenced by immune processes. Past work implicates two distinct pathways along which this interaction may occur: inflammatory processes and antiviral processes. This article reviews how social behavior is modulated by these two immune processes and how such processes may in turn regulate social behavior. Methods: This narrative review outlines existing work on social behavior and both inflammatory and antiviral processes. We propose an evolutionary framework that aims to integrate these findings. Specifically, social isolation has evolutionarily increased the likelihood of wounding and therefore increased the need for inflammation, which works to promote healing. Conversely, broader social networks provide protection from physical threats but also lead to increased pathogen exposure, necessitating a more robust antiviral respons

matched on Social Isolation (mesh), loneliness (text), social isolation (text)

Park NS, Jang Y, Lee BS, Chiriboga DA (2017)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usAging & mental health29 citations

The relation between living alone and depressive symptoms in older Korean Americans: do feelings of loneliness mediate?

Objectives: As the opposite end of the continuum from social integration, social isolation may put individuals at a greater risk of poor mental health. Conceptualizing living alone as an objective and structural indicator of social isolation and loneliness as subjective perceptions of social isolation, the present study hypothesized that the relation between living alone and depressive symptoms would be mediated by the feelings of loneliness. Using older Korean Americans as the target population, the mediation model was examined in consideration of the contextual factors such as demographics (age, gender, education, perceived income, and length of stay in the USA), health (chronic conditions and functional disability), and general social integration (size of social network and community social cohesion). Method: Date were drawn from surveys with 209 older Korean Americans in Central Texa

matched on Loneliness (mesh), loneliness (text), social isolation (text)

Dorsal Raphe Dopamine Neurons Represent the Experience of Social Isolation.

The motivation to seek social contact may arise from either positive or negative emotional states, as social interaction can be rewarding and social isolation can be aversive. While ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine (DA) neurons may mediate social reward, a cellular substrate for the negative affective state of loneliness has remained elusive. Here, we identify a functional role for DA neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), in which we observe synaptic changes following acute social isolation. DRN DA neurons show increased activity upon social contact following isolation, revealed by in vivo calcium imaging. Optogenetic activation of DRN DA neurons increases social preference but causes place avoidance. Furthermore, these neurons are necessary for promoting rebound sociability following an acute period of isolation. Finally, the degree to which these neurons modulate behavior is

matched on Loneliness (mesh), loneliness (text), social isolation (text)

Valtorta NK, Kanaan M, Gilbody S, Hanratty B (2016)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usBMJ open218 citations

Loneliness, social isolation and social relationships: what are we measuring? A novel framework for classifying and comparing tools.

Objectives: We present a novel way of classifying and comparing measures of social relationships to help readers interpret the growing literature on loneliness and social isolation and to provide researchers with a starting point to guide their choice of measuring tool. Methods: Measures of social relationships used in epidemiological studies were identified from two systematic reviews-one review on the association between social relationships and health and social care service use, and a second review on the association between social relationships and health. Questions from each measure were retrieved and tabulated to derive a classification of social relationship measures. Results: We present a classification of measures according to two dimensions: (1) whether instruments cover structural or functional aspects of social relationships and (2) the degree of subjectivity asked of respon

matched on Loneliness (mesh), loneliness (text), social isolation (text)

Turan B, Smith W, Cohen MH, Wilson TE, Adimora AA, Merenstein D, Adedimeji A, Wentz EL, Foster AG, Metsch L, Tien PC, Weiser SD, Turan JM (2016)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)173 citations

Mechanisms for the Negative Effects of Internalized HIV-Related Stigma on Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in Women: The Mediating Roles of Social Isolation and Depression.

Background: Internalization of HIV-related stigma may inhibit a person's ability to manage HIV disease through adherence to treatment regimens. Studies, mainly with white men, have suggested an association between internalized stigma and suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, there is a scarcity of research with women of different racial/ethnic backgrounds and on mediating mechanisms in the association between internalized stigma and ART adherence. Methods: The Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) is a multicenter cohort study. Women living with HIV complete interviewer-administered questionnaires semiannually. Cross-sectional analyses for the current article included 1168 women on ART for whom data on medication adherence were available from their last study visit between April 2013 and March 2014, when the internalized stigma measure was initially introduced. Re

matched on Social Isolation (mesh), loneliness (text), social isolation (text)

Stutterheim SE, Bos AE, Shiripinda I, de Bruin M, Pryor JB, Schaalma HP (2012)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usPsychology & health48 citations

HIV-related stigma in African and Afro-Caribbean communities in the Netherlands: manifestations, consequences and coping.

HIV-related stigma in African and Afro-Caribbean diaspora communities in the Netherlands was investigated. Interviews with HIV-positive and HIV-negative community members demonstrated that HIV-related stigma manifests as social distance, physical distance, words and silence. The psychological consequences of HIV-related stigma among those diagnosed with HIV reported were emotional pain, sadness, loneliness, anger, frustration and internalised stigma. The social consequences included decreased social network size, limited social support and social isolation, and resulted from not only enacted stigma but also self-imposed social withdrawal. Also, poor treatment adherence was a health-related consequence. People living with HIV employed both problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies to mitigate the negative consequences of stigma. Problem-focused coping strategies included selec

matched on Social Isolation (mesh), loneliness (text), social isolation (text)

Yildirim Y, Kocabiyik S (2010)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJournal of clinical nursing41 citations

The relationship between social support and loneliness in Turkish patients with cancer.

Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between family social support and loneliness in Turkish patients with cancer. Background: Loneliness is a major problem affecting about 50% of adult cancer patients. Adequate social support may cause a reduced cancer-related mortality in patients with cancer. DESIGN; A cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational design was used. Method: Cancer patients undergoing treatment in the outpatient chemotherapy unit at a university hospital between January-April 2007 were enrolled. After inclusion and exclusion processes, a total of 144 patients with solid cancer comprised the final sample of the study. The Perceived Social Support from Family Scale, the Revised University of California, Los Angeles-Loneliness Scale and a demographic data form were used. Data were analysed by using descriptive statistics, student t-tes

matched on Loneliness (mesh), loneliness (text), social isolation (text)

Cornwell EY, Waite LJ (2009)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJournal of health and social behavior1,073 citations

Social disconnectedness, perceived isolation, and health among older adults.

Previous research has identified a wide range of indicators of social isolation that pose health risks, including living alone, having a small social network, infrequent participation in social activities, and feelings of loneliness. However multiple forms of isolation are rarely studied together making it difficult to determine which aspects of isolation are most deleterious for health. Using population-based data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project, we combine multiple indicators of social isolation into scales assessing social disconnectedness (e.g., small social network, infrequent participation in social activities) and perceived isolation (e.g., loneliness, perceived lack of social support). We examine the extent to which social disconnectedness and perceived isolation have distinct associations with physical and mental health among older adults. Results indica

matched on Social Isolation (mesh), loneliness (text), social isolation (text)

Pohan RA (2024)editorial or commentMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usBrain, behavior, and immunity1 citations

Improving the validity of studies on the relationship between social health and Immunity of older Adults: Letter to the editor.

The recent study by Isabelle F. van der Velpen et al., (2024), published in Brain Behavior and Immunity, explores the intricate relationship between social health, marital status, and their effects on immune markers and neurodegeneration in the elderly. It highlights significant gender and marital status differences impacting immune system health and plasma biomarkers. Despite its depth, the study's reliance on self-reported measures for loneliness and social support may not fully capture the complexity of social health, which includes dynamic components like social integration. The use of broad immune indices, such as the Granulocyte to Lymphocyte Ratio and Systemic Immune Inflammation index, limits the detailed understanding of specific immune pathways. The study's cross-sectional design restricts causal inferences, underscoring the need for longitudinal research to establish temporal

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Matias T, Dominski FH, Marks DF (2020)editorial or commentMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJournal of health psychology172 citations

Human needs in COVID-19 isolation.

To reduce the spread of COVID-19, the World Health Organization and the majority of governments have recommended that the entire human population should 'stay-at-home'. A significant proportion of the population live alone or are vulnerable to mental health problems yet, in the vast majority of cases, individuals in social isolation have no access to mental healthcare. The only resource is people themselves using self-help, self-medication and self-care. During prolonged COVID-19 isolation, an in-built system of homeostasis can help rebalance activity, thought and feeling. Increased physical activity enables a reset of physical and mental well-being. During periods of lockdown, it is recommended that exercise should be as vigorously promoted as social distancing itself.

matched on Social Isolation (mesh), social isolation (text)

Stokes JE, Jessee L, Farmer HR (2026)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usBiological psychology

Grief or Relief? Dyadic loneliness and biological health after mid-to-late life widowhood.

Loneliness is a serious public health issue among the aging population, yet it is not merely an individual but also a relational experience. Indeed, research has shown that having a lonely partner is a "stress generator" with implications for individuals' own biopsychosocial health. Further, widowhood is a stressful and harmful experience in mid and later life, yet no research to date has examined whether the removal of chronic stress posed by a lonely partner via widowhood may be associated with improved biological health following loss. Using blood-based biomarker data from 13,205 continuously partnered and 343 recently widowed adults across two waves of data from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE; 2013-2015), we examine whether a dyadic partner's loneliness pre-loss is associated with three biological markers of health as well as self-rated health among rec

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Lee H, Ng DQ, Lee D, Baeker Bispo J, Jemal A, Islami F (2026)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usQuality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation2 citations

The association between loneliness and quality of life in cancer survivors: All of Us research program.

Introduction: Cancer survivors may experience loneliness, which can impair the capacity to self-regulate lifestyle behaviors, induce systemic inflammation, and deteriorate mental and physical health. Previous studies have found an association between loneliness and health outcomes in the general population, but few studies have examined health effects of loneliness among cancer survivors and its differential effects by sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: In a cross-sectional analysis of All of Us Research program data, we examined the association between loneliness (defined using the UCLA-3 items loneliness scale) and overall quality of life and four other health outcomes among cancer survivors aged ≥ 18 years in the United States (N = 17,367). Results: Lonely cancer survivors were more likely to have fair/poor overall quality of life, severe pain, severe fatigue, and fair/poor ph

matched on Loneliness (mesh), loneliness (text), lonely (text)

Jin RR, Wong NML, Ma J, Fang JT, Lin CM, Toh CH, Wu KY, Hsu JL, Huang CM, Lee SH, Lee TMC (2025)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usTranslational psychiatry2 citations

A psychoneuroimmunological underpinnings of the relationship between childhood trauma, loneliness, and depression in older adults.

Depression is highly prevalent among older people globally. It is well known that childhood trauma and loneliness are significant risk factors for depression, and neural alterations in the default mode network and immunological dysregulation (e.g., neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio) are factors significantly associated with loneliness and depression. This study examined the inter-relationships and interactions of these factors for translational insight into the pathophysiological underpinnings of late-life depression. Among ninety-two healthy older adults, we measured the leukocyte distribution as reflected by neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, childhood trauma history, current feelings of loneliness, and levels of depressive symptoms. All participants underwent structural MRI scanning to acquire T1-weighted images, which were used to measure the grey matter volume within the default mode netw

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Kapoulea EA, Ready RE, Ginn JC (2023)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usSocial science & medicine (1982)5 citations

Loneliness and risk for cardiovascular disease in the United States and Japan: The effects of nationality, collectivism, and gender.

Rationale: Loneliness is a global concern associated with adverse effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) that may differ by nationality, collectivism, and gender. Objective: This study examined whether associations between loneliness and CVD indicators (e.g., metabolic dysregulation [MetD], inflammation, sleep dysfunction) would vary by nationality, collectivism, and gender. We predicted that loneliness would be associated with poorer CVD values in (1) Japan than the United States (U.S.), (2) in individuals higher rather than lower in collectivism, and (3) our exploratory hypotheses about gender were that loneliness would interact with gender to be associated with differential CVD indicators in the U.S. versus Japan. Methods: Participants (aged 36 to 78) from the MIDUS Refresher Biomarker (n = 644) and the MIDJA 2 Biomarker studies (n = 293) completed questionnaires, bloodwork, and a ph

matched on Loneliness (mesh), loneliness (text), lonely (text)

Takács J, Katona ZB, Ihász F (2023)MEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJournal of affective disorders4 citations

A large sample cross-sectional study on mental health challenges among adolescents and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic at-risk group for loneliness and hopelessness during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges for societies. Emerging data have indicated that the younger population are the most vulnerable group to the development of mental health problems during this pandemic. The present study aimed to examine the effects of the changes in health behaviors on mental health problems to identify an at-risk group among adolescents and young adults. Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, secondary school students (N = 2556) ages 15-21 years participated in Hungary. A self-report questionnaire was developed to measure the changes in health behaviors. Mental health problems were measured by the Beck Hopelessness Scale and the 20-item UCLA Loneliness Scale. Results: A significant proportion of the students showed moderate/severe hopelessness or high loneliness which were more pronounced among adolescent females. An at-risk g

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