The chronic load carried by minority status, including anti-Muslim prejudice.
Everything below was reached through this subject, not through the words you typed. Every row states how it was reached.
Research library, full list
26 to 50 of 599Impact of breastfeeding interventions among United States minority women on breastfeeding outcomes: a systematic review.
Background: In the U.S., strong ethnic/racial, socioeconomic, demographic, and geographic breastfeeding (BF) inequities persist, and African American and Hispanic women are less likely to meet their breastfeeding goals compared to White women. This systematic review (SR) was designed to answer the question: What is the impact of breastfeeding interventions targeting ethnic/racial minority women in the U.S. on improving BF initiation, duration and exclusivity rates?
Methods: The SR was conducted following the Institute of Medicine Guidelines and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist. The study protocol was developed and registered a priori in PROSPERO (ID#CRD42020177764). The electronical databases searched was MEDLINE All (Ovid). Search strategies were led by the team's expert public health librarian using both controlled vocabulary and free tex…
matched on Minority Groups (mesh)
Chatham RE, Mixer SJ (2020)systematic reviewMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usJournal of transcultural nursing : official journal of the Transcultural Nursing Society37 citations Cultural Influences on Childhood Obesity in Ethnic Minorities: A Qualitative Systematic Review.
Introduction: Childhood obesity remains an unrelenting public health problem disproportionately affecting ethnic minorities. Although research has examined ethnicity as a factor of childhood obesity, few studies have examined cultural influences. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the qualitative evidence of cultural influences on childhood obesity in ethnic minority groups. Methodology: Selective sampling of studies since 2008 yielded 251 articles. Twelve articles that addressed cultural influences on childhood obesity were identified for review. The Culture Care Theory Sunrise Enabler factors were used as an a priori framework for theme coding. Results: Nine themes emerged: child feeding, family, gender roles, food, healthy child appearance, physical activity, sedentary activity, food cost, and obesogenic environment. Discussion: Cultural care practices such as tradit…
matched on Minority Groups (mesh)
Facilitators and Barriers for Advance Care Planning Among Ethnic and Racial Minorities in the U.S.: A Systematic Review of the Current Literature.
Growing evidence suggests a low engagement in advance care planning (ACP) among ethnic minorities in the U.S. The purpose of this study was to synthesize findings from prior research about ACP among ethnic minorities. An extensive literature search was conducted using multiple electronic databases. After applying inclusion criteria, 26 studies were included. Four categories of facilitators and barriers to ACP were identified: (1) Socio-demographic factors, (2) health status, literacy and experiences, (3) cultural values, and (4) spirituality. Socio-demographic factors showed inconsistent findings regarding their association with ACP engagement. Worse health status and knowledge about ACP are common facilitators across ethnic minority groups, whereas mistrust toward the health care system was a barrier only for Blacks. Collectivistic cultural values influenced ACP engagement among Latinos…
matched on Minority Groups (mesh)
End-of-Life Care for People With Cancer From Ethnic Minority Groups: A Systematic Review.
Background: Ethnic/racial minorities encounter disparities in healthcare, which may carry into end-of-life (EOL) care. Advanced cancer, highly prevalent and morbid, presents with worsening symptoms, heightening the need for supportive and EOL care.
Purpose: To conduct a systematic review examining ethnic/racial disparities in EOL care for cancer patients.
Design: We searched four electronic databases for all original research examining EOL care use, preferences, and beliefs for cancer patients from ethnic/racial minority groups.
Results: Twenty-five studies were included: 20 quantitative and five qualitative. All had a full-text English language article and focused on the ethnic/racial minority groups of African Americans, Hispanics Americans, or Asian Americans. Key themes included EOL decision making processes, family involvement, provider communication, religion and spirituality, and …
matched on Minority Groups (mesh)
Attitudes to deceased organ donation and registration as a donor among minority ethnic groups in North America and the U.K.: a synthesis of quantitative and qualitative research.
Objectives: A systematic review and synthesis of quantitative and qualitative research were undertaken to examine attitudes to deceased donation and registration as an organ donor among ethnic minorities in the U.K. and North America.
Design: A systematic search and assessments of relevance and quality were conducted. Parallel syntheses were then undertaken of 14 quantitative and 12 qualitative papers followed by their integration. The synthesis was organised around five barriers that emerged as key issues: (1) knowledge regarding deceased donation and registration as a donor; (2) discussion of donation/registration with family members; (3) faith and cultural beliefs; (4) bodily concerns including disfigurement and intactness; and (5) trust in doctors and the health care system.
Results: In all countries, knowledge of organ donation and registration remained low despite public campaigns,…
matched on Minority Groups (mesh)
Effectiveness of cultural adaptations of interventions aimed at smoking cessation, diet, and/or physical activity in ethnic minorities. a systematic review.
Background: The importance of cultural adaptations in behavioral interventions targeting ethnic minorities in high-income societies is widely recognized. Little is known, however, about the effectiveness of specific cultural adaptations in such interventions.
Aim: To systematically review the effectiveness of specific cultural adaptations in interventions that target smoking cessation, diet, and/or physical activity and to explore features of such adaptations that may account for their effectiveness.
Methods: Systematic review using MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials registers (1997-2009).
Inclusion criteria: a) effectiveness study of a lifestyle intervention targeted to ethnic minority populations living in a high income society; b) interventions included cultural adaptations and a control group that was exposed to the intervention without …
matched on Minority Groups (mesh)
Conceptual framework for personal recovery in mental health: systematic review and narrative synthesis.
Background: No systematic review and narrative synthesis on personal recovery in mental illness has been undertaken.
Aims: To synthesise published descriptions and models of personal recovery into an empirically based conceptual framework.
Method: Systematic review and modified narrative synthesis.
Results: Out of 5208 papers that were identified and 366 that were reviewed, a total of 97 papers were included in this review. The emergent conceptual framework consists of: (a) 13 characteristics of the recovery journey; (b) five recovery processes comprising: connectedness; hope and optimism about the future; identity; meaning in life; and empowerment (giving the acronym CHIME); and (c) recovery stage descriptions which mapped onto the transtheoretical model of change. Studies that focused on recovery for individuals of Black and minority ethnic (BME) origin showed a greater emphasis on spi…
matched on Minority Groups (mesh)
A systematic review of ethnicity and pathways to care in dementia.
Objective: To explore why people from minority ethnic (ME) groups with dementia present later to specialist diagnostic and therapeutic dementia services. We systematically reviewed the literature exploring how and why ME people with dementia present to specialist services.
Method: We included qualitative and quantitative studies that explored pathways to dementia specialist care in ME groups or determinants of whether ME people with dementia accessed specialist services. Included studies were independently evaluated for quality by two authors.
Results: We found 3 quantitative and 10 qualitative papers meeting our inclusion criteria. Barriers to accessing specialist help for dementia included: not conceptualizing dementia as an illness; believing dementia was a normal consequence of ageing; thinking dementia had spiritual, psychological, physical health or social causes; feeling that cari…
matched on Minority Groups (mesh)
How can health promotion interventions be adapted for minority ethnic communities? Five principles for guiding the development of behavioural interventions.
The term 'culturally sensitive' is often used to describe interventions adapted for minority ethnic communities. However, understanding of strategies for adapting behavioural interventions for such communities is limited. The questions addressed in this paper are: What are the main strategies for adapting interventions to reduce coronary heart disease (CHD) for minority ethnic communities? Why have interventions been adapted in these ways? A systematic review was carried out to investigate interventions for preventing CHD, including promoting physical activity, smoking cessation and healthier diets in Pakistani, Chinese and Indian communities in countries where these groups are minorities. International databases and key websites were searched, and 23 477 titles and abstracts were initially identified. Seventeen papers met inclusion and quality criteria. A 'meta-ethnographic' approach to…
matched on Minority Groups (mesh)
Çuhadar D, Çam MO (2014)randomised controlled trialMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usArchives of psychiatric nursing39 citations Effectiveness of psychoeducation in reducing internalized stigmatization in patients with bipolar disorder.
This research was conducted as an experiment-control experimental study which aimed to determine the effectiveness of a psychoeducation program prepared to reduce internalized stigmatization. The study included 47 patients (24 experimental, 23 control) who had been diagnosed with bipolar disorder. At the end of the psychoeducation program, a significant decrease was observed in the total ISSMI mean scores, as well as in the ISSMI subscale mean scores for subscales such as alienation, approval of stereotypes, perceived discrimination and social withdrawal (p<0.05). The results demonstrated that a psychoeducation program designed for internalized stigmatization may have positive effects on the internalized stigmatization levels of patients with bipolar disorder.
matched on Prejudice (mesh), perceived discrimination (text)
Mass media interventions for reducing mental health-related stigma.
Background: Mental health-related stigma is widespread and has major adverse effects on the lives of people with mental health problems. Its two major components are discrimination (being treated unfairly) and prejudice (stigmatising attitudes). Anti-stigma initiatives often include mass media interventions, and such interventions can be expensive. It is important to know if mass media interventions are effective.
Objectives: To assess the effects of mass media interventions on reducing stigma (discrimination and prejudice) related to mental ill health compared to inactive controls, and to make comparisons of effectiveness based on the nature of the intervention (e.g. number of mass media components), the content of the intervention (e.g. type of primary message), and the type of media (e.g. print, internet).
Search methods: We searched eleven databases: the Cochrane Central Register of …
matched on Prejudice (mesh)
A meta-analysis of disclosure of one's HIV-positive status, stigma and social support.
This study provides an analysis of the relationships among perceived stigma, reported disclosure and perceived social support for those living with HIV. The meta-analytic summary of 21 studies (4,104 participants) showed, as predicted, a positive, heterogeneous correlation between disclosure and social support (ŕ = .159), a negative, heterogeneous correlation between stigma and social support (ŕ = -.344) and a negative, homogenous correlation between stigma and disclosure (ŕ = -.189). The heterogeneity of the first two relationships indicates the presence of moderators, which may include participants' age and publications' year.
matched on Prejudice (mesh)
A systematic review of mental disorder, suicide, and deliberate self harm in lesbian, gay and bisexual people.
Background: Lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) people may be at higher risk of mental disorders than heterosexual people.
Method: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of mental disorder, substance misuse, suicide, suicidal ideation and deliberate self harm in LGB people. We searched Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, Cinahl, the Cochrane Library Database, the Web of Knowledge, the Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts, the International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, Sociological Abstracts, the Campbell Collaboration and grey literature databases for articles published January 1966 to April 2005. We also used Google and Google Scholar and contacted authors where necessary. We searched all terms related to homosexual, lesbian and bisexual people and all terms related to mental disorders, suicide, and deliberate self harm. We included papers on population b…
matched on Bisexuality (mesh), Homosexuality, Female (mesh)
Allen AM, Wang Y, Chae DH, Price MM, Powell W, Steed TC, Rose Black A, Dhabhar FS, Marquez-Magaña L, Woods-Giscombe CL (2019)cohort or longitudinalMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences137 citations Racial discrimination, the superwoman schema, and allostatic load: exploring an integrative stress-coping model among African American women.
Racial discrimination has been linked to allostatic load (i.e., cumulative biological stress) among African American women. However, limited attention has been given to psychosocial processes involved in the stress response-critical for understanding biological pathways to health-in studies examining racial discrimination as a social determinant of health. We examined whether the superwoman schema (SWS), a multidimensional culture-specific framework characterizing psychosocial responses to stress among African American women, modifies the association between racial discrimination and allostatic load. We used purposive sampling to recruit a community sample of African American women ages 30-50 from five San Francisco Bay Area counties (n = 208). Path analysis was used to test for interactions while accounting for the covariance among SWS subscales using both linear and quadratic models. S…
matched on Racism (mesh), racial discrimination (text)
Ethnic and mainstream social connectedness, perceived racial discrimination, and posttraumatic stress symptoms.
Carter (2007) proposed the notion of race-based traumatic stress and argued that experiences of racial discrimination can be viewed as a type of trauma. In a sample of 383 Chinese international students at 2 predominantly White midwestern universities, the present results supported this notion and found that perceived racial discrimination predicted posttraumatic stress symptoms over and above perceived general stress. Furthermore, Berry (1997) proposed an acculturation framework and recommended that researchers advance the literature by examining the moderation effects on the association between racial discrimination and outcomes. The present results supported the moderation effect for Ethnic SC (i.e., social connectedness in the ethnic community), but not for Mainstream SC (i.e., social connectedness in mainstream society). A simple effects analysis indicated that a high Ethnic SC weak…
matched on Racism (mesh), racial discrimination (text)
Khunti K, Sukumar N, Waheed G, Gillies C, Dallosso H, Brough C, Davies MJ, Fitzpatrick C, Gray LJ, Highton P, Rowlands A, Schreder S, Yates T, Saravanan P (2023)randomised controlled trialMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usDiabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association9 citations Structured group education programme and accompanying mHealth intervention to promote physical activity in women with a history of gestational diabetes: A randomised controlled trial.
Aims: Assess effectiveness of a hybrid intervention targeting physical activity in women with prior gestational diabetes.
Methods: Randomised controlled trial with parallel arms. 293 women (35.1 ± 5.1 years; 40% ethnic minority) recruited from two hospitals and randomised to routine care or hybrid lifestyle intervention comprising two group sessions and access to a mobile web app. Primary outcome was a change in objectively measured physical activity at 12 months. Secondary outcomes included self-efficacy for exercise, quality of life and anxiety and depression. Linear regression compared outcome measures between groups.
Results: 83% of intervention participants attended at least one group session, of who 66% registered to use the app. There was a non-significant increase in physical activity at 12 months (between-group difference of 0.95 mg [95% CI: -0.46 to 2.37]), equivalent to approx…
matched on Minority Groups (mesh)
A Randomized Trial Evaluating School-Based Mindfulness Intervention for Ethnic Minority Youth: Exploring Mediators and Moderators of Intervention Effects.
The study examined the efficacy of a school-based mindfulness intervention on mental health and emotion regulation outcomes among adolescents in a wait-list controlled trial. The study also explored mediators and moderators of intervention effects. A total of 145 predominantly ethnic minority (Asian and Latino) 9th grade students with elevated mood symptoms were randomized to receive a 12-week mindfulness intervention at the start of the academic year, or in the second semester of the year. Students completed measures of emotion regulation and mental health symptoms at baseline, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up. Intent-to-treat analyses revealed significant treatment effects of the mindfulness intervention for internalizing symptoms and perceived stress at post-treatment. Pooled pre-to-post treatment analyses of the entire sample revealed a small effect size for attention problem…
matched on Minority Groups (mesh)
Mindfulness-based relapse prevention with racial and ethnic minority women.
Racial and ethnic disparities in the treatment of addiction have been acknowledged for several years, yet little is known about which empirically supported treatments for substance use disorders are more or less effective in treating racial and ethnic minority clients. The current study was a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial of two evidence-based treatments, mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) and relapse prevention (RP), as part of a residential addiction treatment program for women referred by the criminal justice system (n=70). At 15-week follow-up, regression analyses found that racial and ethnic minority women in MBRP, compared to non-Hispanic and racial and ethnic minority women in RP, reported significantly fewer drug use days (d=.31) and lower addiction severity (d=.65), based on the Addiction Severity Index. Although the small sample size is a limitation…
matched on Minority Groups (mesh)
Davis JN, Ventura EE, Tung A, Munevar MA, Hasson RE, Byrd-Williams C, Vanni AK, Spruijt-Metz D, Weigensberg M, Goran MI (2012)randomised controlled trialMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usPediatric obesity28 citations Effects of a randomized maintenance intervention on adiposity and metabolic risk factors in overweight minority adolescents.
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the effects of a maintenance programme (monthly newsletters vs. monthly group classes and telephone behavioural sessions) on obesity and metabolic disease risk at 1 year in overweight minority adolescents.
Methods: After a 4-month nutrition and strength training intervention, 53 overweight Latino and African-American adolescents (15.4 ± 1.1 years) were randomized into one of two maintenance groups for 8 months: monthly newsletters (n = 23) or group classes (n = 30; monthly classes + individualized behavioural telephone sessions). The following outcomes were measured at months 4 (immediately following the intense intervention) and 12: height, weight, blood pressure, body composition via BodPod™ (Life Measurement Instruments, Concord, CA, USA), lipids and glucose/insulin indices via frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test.
…
matched on Minority Groups (mesh)
Walton GM, Cohen GL (2011)randomised controlled trialMEDLINE-indexed journal, not yet read by usScience (New York, N.Y.)426 citations A brief social-belonging intervention improves academic and health outcomes of minority students.
A brief intervention aimed at buttressing college freshmen's sense of social belonging in school was tested in a randomized controlled trial (N = 92), and its academic and health-related consequences over 3 years are reported. The intervention aimed to lessen psychological perceptions of threat on campus by framing social adversity as common and transient. It used subtle attitude-change strategies to lead participants to self-generate the intervention message. The intervention was expected to be particularly beneficial to African-American students (N = 49), a stereotyped and socially marginalized group in academics, and less so to European-American students (N = 43). Consistent with these expectations, over the 3-year observation period the intervention raised African Americans' grade-point average (GPA) relative to multiple control groups and halved the minority achievement gap. This pe…
matched on Minority Groups (mesh)
Factors associated with positive attitudes toward organ donation in Arab Americans.
Background: The demand for transplantable organ continues to exceed supply, particularly in minority patient populations. We explored the factors influencing organ donation attitude within the Arab American community.
Methods: Secondary data analysis from a face-to-face survey administered in late 2003 to 1016 adults from a representative population-based sample on Greater Detroit Arab Americans.
Results: Christian Arab Americans were more likely than Muslim Arab Americans, and women more than men, to believe organ donation after death was justifiable. Higher educational attainment and income, as well as greater acculturation into American society, were associated with greater odds of believing organ donation to be justified. Self-reported health status and level of psychological distress and health insurance status were not associated with beliefs about organ donation.
Conclusions: A mu…
matched on Minority Groups (mesh)
Feasibility and preliminary outcomes of a school-based mindfulness intervention for urban youth.
Youth in underserved, urban communities are at risk for a range of negative outcomes related to stress, including social-emotional difficulties, behavior problems, and poor academic performance. Mindfulness-based approaches may improve adjustment among chronically stressed and disadvantaged youth by enhancing self-regulatory capacities. This paper reports findings from a pilot randomized controlled trial assessing the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary outcomes of a school-based mindfulness and yoga intervention. Four urban public schools were randomized to an intervention or wait-list control condition (n=97 fourth and fifth graders, 60.8% female). It was hypothesized that the 12-week intervention would reduce involuntary stress responses and improve mental health outcomes and social adjustment. Stress responses, depressive symptoms, and peer relations were assessed at baseline…
matched on Minority Groups (mesh)
Awareness of cancer symptoms and anticipated help seeking among ethnic minority groups in England.
Objective: Little is known about ethnic differences in awareness of cancer-warning signs or help-seeking behaviour in Britain. As part of the National Awareness and Early Diagnosis Initiative (NAEDI), this study aimed to explore these factors as possible contributors to delay in cancer diagnosis.
Methods: We used quota sampling to recruit 1500 men and women from the six largest minority ethnic groups in England (Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Caribbean, African and Chinese). In face-to-face interviews, participants completed the newly developed cancer awareness measure (CAM), which includes questions about warning signs for cancer, speed of consultation for possible cancer symptoms and barriers to help seeking.
Results: Awareness of warning signs was low across all ethnic groups, especially using the open-ended (recall) question format, with lowest awareness in the African group. Women …
matched on Minority Groups (mesh)
Depression, correlates of depression, and receipt of depression care among low-income women with breast or gynecologic cancer.
Purpose: To assess the prevalence of depression among low-income, ethnic minority women with breast or gynecologic cancer, receipt of antidepressant medications or counseling services, and correlates of depression.
Patients and methods: Study patients were 472 women receiving cancer care in an urban public medical center. Women had a primary diagnosis of breast (stage 0 to III) or gynecologic cancer (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage 0 to IIIB). A diagnostic depression screen and baseline questionnaire were administered before or during active treatment or during active follow-up. Self-report data were collected on receipt of depression treatment, use of supportive counseling, pain and receipt of pain medication, functional status and well-being, and perceived barriers to cancer care.
Results: Twenty-four percent of women reported moderate to severe levels of de…
matched on Minority Groups (mesh)
Trauma, mental health, distrust, and stigma among HIV-positive persons: implications for effective care.
Individuals living with HIV often have complicated histories, including negative experiences such as traumatic events, mental illness, and stigma. As the medical community in the United States adapts to managing HIV as a chronic disease, understanding factors such as these negative experiences that may be associated with poorer adherence to treatment regimens, greater HIV risk behavior, and lower patient quality of life becomes critical to HIV care and prevention. In less wealthy nations, these issues are also critical for addressing quality of life as well as medication adherence in the areas where antiretroviral therapies are being made available. This article presents a review of the literature regarding the following psychosocial factors as they relate to HIV/AIDS in the US and globally: traumatic events; mental illness, including depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorde…
matched on Minority Groups (mesh), Prejudice (mesh)