What a doctor is supposed to ask you
This is not a new idea and it did not come from a mosque committee. It has a name in medicine, and it puts the failure where it belongs, which is on the clinician who never asked.
What the research says
Kleinman A, Eisenberg L, Good B (1978). Culture, Illness, and Care. Annals of Internal Medicine, 88(2), 251 to 258 doi
Every patient arrives with their own account of what this is, why it started when it did, what it is doing to them, how long it will last, and what treatment they want. Two people with the same condition can hold very different accounts and both get better. The named failure here is not the patient holding a religious account. It is the clinician never asking what the patient thinks is happening, so the two of them work on different problems without noticing.